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Observation of the Crab Nebula with LhAASO-KM2A−a performance study

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第2期45卷 518-530页

作者： F.Aharonian Q.An Axikegu L.X.bai Y.X.bai Y.W.bao D.bastieri X.J.bi Y.J.bi h.Cai J.T.Cai Z.Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang X.C.Chang b.M.Chen J.Chen L.Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.h.Chen S.h.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen X.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng S.W.Cui X.h.Cui Y.D.Cui b.Z.Dai h.L.Dai Z.G.Dai D.della Volpe b.D'Ettorre Piazzoli X.J.Dong J.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan Z.X.Fan J.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng L.Feng S.h.Feng Y.L.Feng b.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Geng G.h.Gong Q.b.Gou M.h.Gu J.G.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.han h.h.he h.N.he J.C.he S.L.he X.b.he Y.he M.heller Y.K.hor C.hou X.hou h.b.hu S.hu S.C.hu X.J.hu D.h.huang Q.L.huang W.h.huang X.T.huang Z.C.huang F.Ji X.L.Ji h.Y.Jia K.Jiang Z.J.Jiang C.Jin D.Kuleshov K.Levochkin b.b.Li C.Li F.Li h.b.Li h.C.Li h.Y.Li J.Li K.Li W.L.Li X.Li X.R.Li Y.Li Y.Z.Li Z.Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.Lin b.Liu C.Liu D.Liu h.Liu h.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu J.S.Liu J.Y.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.N.Liu Z.X.Liu W.J.Long R.Lu h.K.Lv b.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.h.Ma J.R.Mao A.Masood W.Mitthumsiri T.Montaruli Y.C.Nan b.Y.Pang P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei M.Y.Qi D.Ruffolo V.Rulev A.Sáiz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng J.R.Shi h.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.b.Sun P.h.T.Tam Z.b.Tang W.W.Tian b.D.Wang C.Wang h.Wang h.G.Wang J.C.Wang J.S.Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang R.N.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.J.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.J.Wang Y.P.Wang Z.Wang Z.h.Wang Z.X.Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu h.R.Wu S.Wu W.X.Wu X.F.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia J.J.Xia G.M.Xiang G.xiao h.b.xiao G.G.Xin Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.L.Xu R.X.Xu L.Xue D.h.Yan C.W.Yang F.F.Yang J.Y.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang S.b.Yang Y.h.Yao Z.G.Yao Y.M.Ye L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu Q.Yuan h.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng Z.K.Zeng M.Zha X.X.Zhai b.b.Zhang h.M.Zhang h.Y.Zhang J.L.Zhang J.W.Zhang L.Zhang L.X.Zhang P.F.Zhang P.P.Zhang R.Zhang S.R.Zhang S.S.Zhang X.Zhang X.P.Zhang Y.Zhang Y.F.Zhang Y.L.Zhang b.Zhao J.Zhao L.Zhao L.Z.Zhao S.P.Zhao F.Zheng Y.Zheng b.Zhou h.Zhou J.N.Zhou P.Zhou R.Zhou X.X.Zhou C.G.Zhu F.R.Zhu h.Zhu K.J.Zhu X.Zuo Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences100049 BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduSichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China 230026 HefeiAnhuiChina Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University100084 BeijingChina National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences100101 BeijingChina National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences100190 BeijingChina School of Physics Peking University100871 BeijingChina Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University510006 GuangzhouGuangdongChina School of Physics and Astronomy&School of Physics(Guangzhou) Sun Yat-sen University519000 ZhuhaiGuangdongChina School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi University530004 NanningGuangxiChina hebei Normal University 050024 ShijiazhuangHebeiChina School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University450001 ZhengzhouHenanChina School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University210023 NanjingJiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of Sciences210023 NanjingJiangsuChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University266237 QingdaoShandongChina Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of Sciences200030 ShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University200240 ShanghaiChina School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University610031 ChengduSichuanChina College of Physics Sichuan University610065 ChengduSichuanChina Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of Education850000 LhasaTibetChina School of Physics and Tec

A sub-array of the Large high Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LhAASO),KM2A is mainly designed to observe a large fraction of the northern sky to hunt for γ-ray sources at energies above 10 *** though the detector construction is still underway,half of the KM2A array has been operating stably since the end of *** this paper,we present the KM2A data analysis pipeline and the first observation of the Crab Nebula,a standard candle in very high energy γ-ray *** detect γ-ray signals from the Crab Nebula in both energy ranges of 10-100 TeV and>100 TeV with high significance,by analyzing the KM2A data of 136 live days between December 2019 and May *** the observations,we test the detector performance,including angular resolution,pointing accuracy and cosmic-ray background rejection *** energy spectrum of the Crab Nebula in the energy range 10-250 TeV fits well with a single power-law function dN/dE=(1.13±0.05stat±0.08sys)×10^(-14).(E/20 TeV)-309±0.06stat±0.02syscm^(-2) s^(-1) TeV^(-1).It is consistent with previous measurements by other *** opens a new window of γ-ray astronomy above 0.1 PeV through which new ultrahigh-energy γ-ray phenomena,such as cosmic PeVatrons,might be discovered.

关键词： γ-ray Crab Nebula extensive air showers cosmic rays

Geometrical reconstruction of fluorescence events observed by the LhAASO experiment

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第4期45卷 416-425页

作者： F.Aharonian Q.An Axikegu L.X.bai Y.X.bai Y.W.bao D.bastieri X.J.bi Y.J.bi h.Cai J.T.Cai Z.Cao Z.Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang X.C.Chang b.M.Chen J.Chen L.Chen L.Chen L.Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.h.Chen S.h.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen X.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng S.W.Cui X.h.Cui Y.D.Cui b.Z.Dai h.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu D.della Volpe b.DEtorre Piazzoli X.J.Dong J.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan Z.X.Fan J.Fang J.Fang C.F.Feng L.Feng S.h.Feng Y.L.Feng b.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Geng G.h.Gong Q.b.Gou M.h.Gu J.G.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.han h.h.he h.N.he J.C.he S.L.he X.b.he Y.he M.heller Y.K.hor C.hou X.hou h.b.hu S.hu S.C.hu X.J.hu D.h.huang Q.L.huang W.h.huang X.T.huang Z.C.huang F.Ji X.L.Ji h.Y.Jia K.Jiang Z.J.Jiang C.Jin D.Kuleshov K.Levochkin b.b.Li C.Li C.Li F.Li h.b.Li h.C.Li h.Y.Li J.Li K.Li W.L.Li X.Li X.Li X.R.Li Y.Li Y.Z.Li Z.Li Z.Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.Lin b.Liu C.Liu D.Liu h.Liu h.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu J.L.Liu J.S.Liu J.Y.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.N.Liu Z.X.Liu W.J.Long R.Lu h.K.Lv b.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.h.Ma J.R.Mao A.Masood W.Mitthumsiri T.Montaruli Y.C.Nan b.Y..Pang P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei M.Y.Qi D.Ruffolo V.Rulev A.Saiz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng J.R.Shi h.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.b.Sun P.h.T.Tam Z.b.Tang W.W.Tian b.D.Wang C.Wang h.Wang h.G.Wang J.C.Wang J.S.Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang R.N.Wang W.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.J.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.J.Wang Y.P.Wang Z.Wang Z.Wang Z.h.Wang Z.X.Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu h.R.Wu S.Wu W.X.Wu X.F.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia J.J.Xia G.M.Xiang G.xiao h.b.xiao G.G.Xin Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.L.Xu R.X.Xu L.Xue D.h.Yan C.W.Yang F.F.Yang J.Y.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang S.b.Yang Y.h.Yao Z.G.Yao Y.M.Ye L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu Q.Yuan h.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng Z.K.Zeng M.Zha X.X.Zhai b.b.Zhang h.M.Zhang h.Y.Zhang J.L.Zhang J.W.Zhang L.Zhang L.Zhang L.X.Zhang P.F.Zhang P.F.Zhang R.Zhang S.R.Zhang S.S.Zhang X.Zhang X.P.Zhang Y.Zhang Y.Zhang Y.F.Zhang Y.L.Zhang b.Zhao J.Zhao L.Zhao L.Z.Zhao S.P.Zhao F.Zheng Y.Zheng b.Zhou h.Zhou J.N.Zhou P Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduSichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Paricle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China HefeiAnhui 230026China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China School of Physics and Astronomy&School of Physics(Guangzhou) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519000China School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi 530004China hebei Normal University ShijiazhuangHebei 050024China School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450001China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingJiangsu 210023China Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdaoShandong 266237China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduSichuan 610031China College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610065China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasaTibet 850000China School of physics and technology Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072Ch

The LhAASO-WFCTA experiment,which aims to observe cosmic rays in the sub-EeV range using the fluorescence technique,uses a new generation of high-performance *** ensure that the experiment has ex-cellent detection capability associated with the measurement of the energy spectrum,the primary composition of cosmic rays,and so on,an accurate geometrical reconstruction of air-shower events is *** paper de-scribes the development and testing of geometrical reconstruction for stereo viewed events using the WFCTA(Wide Field of view Cherenkov/Fluorescence Telescope Array)*** approaches,which take full advantage ofthe WFCTA *** *** is the stereo-angular method,which uses the pointing of triggered SiPMs in the shower trajectory,and the other is the stereo-timing method,which uses the triggering time of the fired *** results show that both methods have good geometrical resolution:the resolution of the stereo-timing method is slightly better than the stereo-angular method because the resolution of the latter is slightly limited by the shower track length.

关键词： cosmic ray fluorescence telescope stereo observation geometrical reconstruction

Line-of-shower trigger method to lower energy threshold for GRb detection using LhAASO-WCDA

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2021年第4期5卷 531-541页

作者： F.Aharonian Q.An Axikegu L.X.bai Y.X.bai Y.W.bao D.bastieri X.J.bi Y.J.bi h.Cai J.T.Cai Z.Cao Z.Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang X.C.Chan b.M.Chen J.Chen L.Chen L.Chen L.Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.h.Chen S.h.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen X.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Chen Y.D.Chen S.W.Cui X.h.Cui Y.D.Cui b.Z.Dai h.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu D.della Volpe b.D’Ettorre Piazzoli X.J.Don J.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan Z.X.Fan J.Fang K.Fan C.F.Feng L.Feng S.h.Fen Y.L.Feng b.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Gen G.h.Gong Q.b.Gou M.h.Gu J.G.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.han h.h.he h.N.he J.C.he S.L.he X.b.he Y.he M.heller Y.K.hor C.hou X.hou h.b.hu S.hu S.C.hu X.J.hu D.h.huang Q.L.huan W.h.huang X.T.huang Z.C.huang F.Ji X.L.Ji h.Y.Jia K.Jiang Z.J.Jiang C.Jin D.Kuleshov K.Levochkin b.b.Li C.Li C.Li F.Li h.b.Li h.C.Li h.Y.Li J.Li K.Li W.L.Li X.Li X.Li X.R.Li Y.Li Y.Z.Li Z.Li Z.Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.Lin b.Liu C.Liu D.Liu h.Liu h.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu J.S.Liu J.Y.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.N.Liu Z.X.Liu W.J.Long R.Lu h.K.Lv b.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.h.Ma J.R.Mao A.Masood W.Mitthumsiri T.Montaruli Y.C.Nan b.Y.Pang P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei M.Y.Qi D.Ruffolo V.Rulev A.Sáiz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Shen J.R.Shi h.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.b.Sun P.h.T.Tam Z.b.Tang W.W.Tian b.D.Wan C.Wang h.Wang h.G.Wang J.C.Wang J.S.Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wan R.N.Wang W.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.J.Wan X.Y.Wang Y.D.Wan Y.J.Wan Y.P.Wang Z.Wang Z.Wang Z.h.Wang Z.X.Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu h.R.Wu S.Wu W.X.Wu X.F.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia J.J.Xia G.M.Xiang G.xiao h.b.xiao G.G.Xin Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.L.Xu R.X.Xu L.Xue D.h.Yan C.W.Yang F.F.Yang J.Y.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yan R.Z.Yang S.b.Yang Y.h.Yao Z.G.Yao Y.M.Ye L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu Q.Yuan h.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng Z.K.Zeng M.Zha X.X.Zhai b.b.Zhang h.M.Zhang h.Y.Zhang J.L.Zhang J.W.Zhang L.Zhang L.Zhang L.X.Zhang P.F.Zhang P.P.Zhang R.Zhang S.R.Zhang S.S.Zhan X.Zhang X.P.Zhan Y.Zhan Y.Zhang Y.F.Zhang Y.L.Zhan b.Zhao J.Zhao L.Zhao L.Z.Zhao S.P.Zhao F.Zheng Y.Zheng b.Zhou h.Zhou J.N.Zhou P.Zhou R.Zhou X.X.Zhou C.G. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduSichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics BeijingChina University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina School of Physics and Astronomy&School of Physics(Guangzhou) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000GuangdongChina School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024HebeiChina School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237ShandongChina Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031SichuanChina College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000TibetChina School of Physic

Purpose Observation of high energy and very high emission from Gamma Ray bursts(GRbs)is crucial to study the gigantic explosion and the underline *** a large field-of-view and almost full duty cycle,the Water Cherenkov Detector Array(WCDA),a sub-array of the Large high Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LhAASO),is appropriate to monitor the very high energy emission from unpredictable transients such as *** Nevertheless,the main issue for an extensive air shower array is the high energy threshold which limits the horizon of the *** address this issue a new trigger method is developed in this article to lower the energy threshold of WCDA for GRb *** The proposed method significantly improves the detection efficiency of WCDA for gamma-rays around the GRb direction at 10-300 *** sensitivity of the WCDA for GRb detection with the new trigger method is *** achieved sensitivity of the quarter WCDA array above 10 GeV is comparable with that of *** data analysis process and corresponding fluence upper limit for GRb 190719C is presented as an example.

关键词： LhAASO WCDA GRb

A dynamic range extension system for LhAASOWCDA-1

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2021年第4期5卷 520-530页

作者： F.Aharonian Q.An Axikegu L.X.bai Y.X.bai Y.W.bao D.bastieri X.J.bi Y.J.bi h.Cai J.T.Cai Z.Cao Z.Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang X.C.Chang b.M.Chen J.Chen L.Chen L.Chen L.Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.h.Chen S.h.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen X.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng S.W.Cui X.h.Cui Y.D.Cui b.Z.Dai h.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu D.della Volpe b.D’Ettorre Piazzoli X.J.Dong J.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan Z.X.Fan J.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng L.Feng S.h.Feng Y.L.Feng b.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Geng G.h.Gong Q.b.Gou M.h.Gu J.G.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.han h.h.he h.N.he J.C.he S.L.he X.b.he Y.he M.heller Y.K.hor C.hou X.hou h.b.hu S.hu S.C.hu X.J.hu D.h.huang Q.L.huang W.h.huang X.T.huang Y.huang Z.C.huang F.Ji X.L.Ji h.Y.Jia K.Jiang Z.J.Jiang C.Jin D.Kuleshov K.Levochkin b.b.Li C.Li C.Li F.Li h.b.Li h.C.Li h.Y.Li J.Li K.Li W.L.Li X.Li X.Li X.R.Li Y.Li Y.Z.Li Z.Li Z.Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.Lin b.Liu C.Liu D.Liu h.Liu h.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu J.S.Liu J.Y.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.N.Liu Z.X.Liu W.J.Long R.Lu h.K.Lv b.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.h.Ma J.R.Mao A.Masood W.Mitthumsiri T.Montaruli Y.C.Nan b.Y.Pang P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei M.Y.Qi D.Ruffolo V.Rulev A.Sáiz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng J.R.Shi h.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.b.Sun P.h.T.Tam Z.b.Tang W.W.Tian b.D.Wang C.Wang h.Wang h.G.Wang J.C.Wang J.S.Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang R.N.Wang W.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.J.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.J.Wang Y.P.Wang Z.Wang Z.Wang Z.h.Wang Z.X.Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu h.R.Wu S.Wu W.X.Wu X.F.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia J.J.Xia G.M.Xiang G.xiao h.b.xiao G.G.Xin Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.L.Xu R.X.Xu L.Xue D.h.Yan C.W.Yang F.F.Yang J.Y.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang S.b.Yang Y.h.Yao Z.G.Yao Y.M.Ye L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu Q.Yuan h.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng Z.K.Zeng M.Zha X.X.Zhai b.b.Zhang h.M.Zhang h.Y.Zhang J.L.Zhang J.W.Zhang L.Zhang L.Zhang L.X.Zhang P.F.Zhang P.P.Zhang R.Zhang S.R.Zhang S.S.Zhang X.Zhang X.P.Zhang Y.Zhang Y.Zhang Y.F.Zhang Y.L.Zhang b.Zhao J.Zhao L.Zhao L.Z.Zhao S.P.Zhao F.Zheng Y.Zheng b.Zhou h.Zhou J.N.Zhou Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduSichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics BeijingChina University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina School of Physics and Astronomy&School of Physics(Guangzhou) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000GuangdongChina School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024HebeiChina School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237ShandongChina Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031SichuanChina College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000TibetChina School of Physics

Purpose The main scientific goal of LhAASO-WCDA is to survey gamma-ray sources with energy from 100 GeV to 30 *** observe high-energy shower events,especially to measure the energy spectrum of cosmic rays from 100 TeV to 10 PeV,a dynamic range extension system(WCDA++)is designed to use a 1.5-inch PMT with a dynamic range of four orders of magnitude for each cell in *** The dynamic range is extended by using these PMTs to measure the effective charge density in the core region of air shower events,which is an important parameter for identifying the composition of primary *** and Conclusion The system has been running for more than one *** this paper,the details of the design and performance of WCDA++are presented.

关键词： LhAASO-WCDA WCDA++ Water Cherenkov detector Performance

Performance of LhAASO-WCDA and observation of the Crab Nebula as a standard candle

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第8期45卷 166-181页

作者： F.Aharonian Q.An Axikegu L.X.bai Y.X.bai Y.W.bao D.bastieri X.J.bi Y.J.bi h.Cai J.T.Cai Z.Cao Z.Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang X.C.Chang b.M.Chen J.Chen L.Chen L.Chen L.Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.h.Chen S.h.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen X.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng S.W.Cui X.h.Cui Y.D.Cui b.Z.Dai h.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu D.della Volpe b.D'Ettorre Piazzoli X.J.Dong J.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan Z.X.Fan J.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng L.Feng S.h.Feng Y.L.Feng b.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Geng G.h.Gong Q.b.Gou M.h.Gu J.G.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.han h.h.he h.N.he J.C.he S.L.he X.b.he Y.he M.heller Y.K.hor C.hou X.hou h.b.hu S.hu S.C.hu X.J.hu D.h.huang Q.L.huang W.h.huang X.T.huang Z.C.huang F.Ji X.L.Ji h.Y.Jia K.Jiang Z.J.Jiang C.Jin D.Kuleshov K.Levochkin b.b.Li C.Li C.Li F.Li h.b.Li h.C.Li h.Y.Li J.Li K.Li W.L.Li X.Li X.Li X.R.Li Y.Li Y.Z.Li Z.Li Z.Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.Lin b.Liu C.Liu D.Liu h.Liu h.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu J.S.Liu J.Y.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.N.Liu Z.X.Liu W.J.Long R.Lu h.K.Lv b.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.h.Ma J.R.Mao A.Masood W.Mitthumsiri T.Montaruli Y.C.Nan b.Y.Pang P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei M.Y.Qi b.Q.Qiao D.Ruffolo V.Rulev A.Saiz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng J.R.Shi h.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.b.Sun P.h.T.Tam Z.b.Tang W.W.Tian b.D.Wang C.Wang h.Wang h.G.Wang J.C.Wang J.S.Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang R.N.Wang W.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.J.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.J.Wang Y.P.Wang Z.Wang Z.Wang Z.h.Wang Z.X.Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu h.R.Wu S.Wu W.X.Wu X.F.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia J.J.Xia G.M.Xiang G.xiao h.b.xiao G.G.Xin Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.L.Xu R.X.Xu L.Xue D.h.Yan C.W.Yang F.F.Yang J.Y.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang S.b.Yang Y.h.Yao Z.G.Yao Y.M.Ye L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu Q.Yuan h.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng Z.K.Zeng M.Zha X.X.Zhai b.b.Zhang h.M.Zhang h.Y.Zhang J.L.Zhang J.W.Zhang L.Zhang L.Zhang L.X.Zhang P.F.Zhang P.P.Zhang R.Zhang S.R.Zhang S.S.Zhang X.Zhang X.P.Zhang Y.Zhang Y.Zhang Y.F.Zhang Y.L.Zhang b.Zhao J.Zhao L.Zhao L.Z.Zhao S.P.Zhao F.Zheng Y.Zheng b.Zhou h.Zhou J.N.Zhou Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduSichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Physics and Astronomy&School of Physics(Guangzhou) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China School of Physics and Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University

The first Water Cherenkov detector of the LhAASO experiment(WCDA-1)has been operating since April *** data for the first year have been analyzed to test its performance by observing the Crab Nebula as a standard *** WCDA-1 achieves a sensitivity of 65 mCU per year,with a statistical threshold of 5 *** accomplish this,a 97.7%cosmic-ray background rejection rate around 1 TeV and 99.8%around 6 TeV with an ap proximate photon acceptance of 50%is achieved after applying an algorithm to separate gamma-induced *** angular resolution is measured using the Crab Nebula as a point source to be approximately 0.45°at 1 TeV and better than 0.2°above 6 TeV,with a pointing accuracy better than 0.05°.These values all match the design *** energy resolution is found to be 33%for gamma rays around 6 *** spectral energy distribution of the Crab Nebula in the range from 500 GeV to 15.8 TeV is measured and found to be in agreement with the results from other TeV gamma ray observatories.

关键词： LhAASO-WCDA Crab Nebula angular resolution spectral energy distribution

bIbR1532 inhibits proliferation and metastasis of esophageal squamous cancer cells by inducing telomere dysregulation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 214-225页

作者： Qin Wang Qing-Rong Li Lei Xu Zi-Chun Yuan xiao Liu Mao-Ju Tang Man Luo xiao-Wu Zhong Qiang Ma xiao-Lan Guo Department of Clinical Laboratory Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina School of Laboratory Medicine&Translational Medicine Research Center North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina

bACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality,and easy to develop resistance to chemotherapeutic *** are DNA-protein complexes located at the termini of chro-mosomes in eukaryotic cells,which are unreplaceable in maintaining the stability and integrity of ***,an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase,play vital role in telomere length maintain,targeting telomerase is a promising therapeutic strategy for ***150 and KYSE410 cells were cultured and exposed to various concentrations of *** viability was assessed at 48 hours and 72 hours to determine the IC50 *** effects of bIbR1532 on ESCC cell proliferation,migration,and cellular senescence were evaluated using the cell counting kit-8 assay,plate colony formation assay,scratch assay,transwell assay,andβ-galactosidase staining,*** blotting was performed to detect the expression of RESULTS The IC50 values for KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells after 48 hours of bIbR1532 exposure were 48.53μM and 39.59μM,*** values decreased to 37.22μM and 22.71μM,respectively,following a longer exposure of 72 ***1532 exhibited dose-dependent effects on KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells,including decreased hTERT expression,inhibition of proliferation and metastasis,and induction of cellular ***,bIbR1532 upregulated the expression of the DDR protein,γ-h2AX,and activated the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein(ATR)/check point kinase 1(ChK-1)and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene(ATM)/ChK2 ***1532 downregulated the expression of telomere-binding proteins,including telomeric-repeat binding factor 1(TRF1),TRF2,protection of telomeres 1,and TIN2-interacting protein *** a nude mouse xenograft model,bIbR1532 significantly suppressed tumor growth,reduced hTERT expression,and increasedγ-h2AX protein *** and eosin staining of various organs,including the heart,liver,s

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma bIbR1532 human telomerase reverse transcriptase DNA damage response Telomere-binding proteins

Treadmill exercise in combination with acousto-optic and olfactory stimulation improves cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-and Cygb-associated signaling pathways

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2706-2726页

作者： biao xiao Chaoyang Chu Zhicheng Lin Tianyuan Fang Yuyu Zhou Chuxia Zhang Jianghui Shan Shiyu Chen Liping Li Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo Key Laboratory of behavioral Neuroscience Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province NingboZhejiang ProvinceChina

A reduction in adult neurogenesis is associated with behavioral abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's ***,enhancing adult neurogenesis represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating disease symptoms and ***,nonpharmacological interventions aimed at inducing adult neurogenesis are currently *** individual non-pharmacological interventions,such as aerobic exercise,acousto-optic stimulation,and olfactory stimulation,have shown limited capacity to improve neurogenesis and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease,the therapeutic effect of a strategy that combines these interventions has not been fully *** this study,we observed an age-dependent decrease in adult neurogenesis and a concurrent increase in amyloid-beta accumulation in the hippocampus of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice aged 2-8 *** deposition became evident at 4 months,while neurogenesis declined by 6 months,further deteriorating as the disease ***,following a 4-week multifactor stimulation protocol,which encompassed treadmill running(46 min/d,10 m/min,6 days per week),40 hz acousto-optic stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),and olfactory stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),we found a significant increase in the number of newborn cells(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive cells),immature neurons(doublecortin-positive cells),newborn immature neurons(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/doublecortin-positive cells),and newborn astrocytes(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells).Additionally,the amyloid-beta load in the hippocampus *** findings suggest that multifactor stimulation can enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis and mitigate amyloid-beta neuropathology in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 ***,cognitive abilities were improved,and depressive symptoms were alleviated in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice

关键词： acousto-optic stimulation adult neurogenesis Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice amyloid-beta deposition brain cell apoptosis cognitive impairment depression-like behavior involuntary treadmill exercise olfactory stimulation serum metabolites

Increased excitatory amino acid transporter 2 levels in basolateral amygdala astrocytes mediate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behavior

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1721-1734页

作者： Xirong Xu Shoumin Xuan Shuai Chen Dan Liu Qian xiao Jie Tu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation for Neurological Diseases Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of brain Connectome and Manipulation Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of brain Connectome and behavior the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Faculty of Life and health Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

The conventional perception of astrocytes as mere supportive cells within the brain has recently been called into question by empirical evidence, which has revealed their active involvement in regulating brain function and encoding behaviors associated with ***, astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala have been found to play a role in the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors triggered by chronic stress. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which basolateral amygdala astrocytes regulate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behaviors remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that in a mouse model of anxiety triggered by unpredictable chronic mild stress, the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 was upregulated in the basolateral amygdala. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the targeted knockdown of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically within the basolateral amygdala astrocytes was able to rescue the anxiety-like behavior in mice subjected to stress. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, whether achieved through intracranial administration of excitatory amino acid transporter 2agonists or through injection of excitatory amino acid transporter 2-overexpressing viruses with GfaAbC1D promoters, evoked anxiety-like behavior in mice. Our single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further confirmed that chronic stress induced an upregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically in astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala. Moreover, through in vivo calcium signal recordings, we found that the frequency of calcium activity in the basolateral amygdala of mice subjected to chronic stress was higher compared with normal *** knocking down the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, the frequency of calcium activity was not significantly increased, and anxiety-like behavior was ob

关键词： anxiety astrocytes basolateral amygdala behavior dihydrokainic acid excitatory amino acid transporter 2 fiber photometry glutamate LDN-212320 transporter

Exploring the performance of large language models on hepatitis b infection-related questions:A comparative study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 103-112页

作者： Yu Li Chen-Kai huang Yi hu xiao-Dong Zhou Cong he Jia-Wei Zhong Department of Gastroenterology Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasesJiangxi Clinical Research Center for GastroenterologyDigestive Disease HospitalThe First Affiliated HospitalJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina huanKui Academy Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina

bACKGROUND Patients with hepatitis b virus(hbV)infection require chronic and personalized care to improve *** language models(LLMs)can potentially provide medical information for *** To examine the performance of three LLMs,ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4.0,and Google Gemini,in answering hbV-related *** LLMs’responses to hbV-related questions were independently graded by two medical professionals using a four-point accuracy scale,and disagreements were resolved by a third *** question was run three times using three *** was assessed via the Gunning Fog index and Flesch-Kincaid grade *** Overall,all three LLM chatbots achieved high average accuracy scores for subjective questions(ChatGPT-3.5:3.50;ChatGPT-4.0:3.69;Google Gemini:3.53,out of a maximum score of 4).With respect to objective questions,ChatGPT-4.0 achieved an 80.8%accuracy rate,compared with 62.9%for ChatGPT-3.5 and 73.1%for Google *** the six domains,ChatGPT-4.0 performed better in terms of diagnosis,whereas Google Gemini demonstrated excellent clinical ***,in the readability analysis,the mean Gunning Fog index and Flesch-Kincaid grade level scores of the three LLM chatbots were significantly higher than the standard level eight,far exceeding the reading level of the normal *** Our results highlight the potential of LLMs,especially ChatGPT-4.0,for delivering responses to hbV-related *** may be an adjunctive informational tool for patients and physicians to improve ***,current LLMs should not replace personalized treatment recommendations from physicians in the management of hbV infection.

关键词： ChatGPT-3.5 ChatGPT-4.0 Google Gemini hepatitis b infection Accuracy