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International Conference on Environment and Industrial Innovation（ICEII 2011）

作者： Muhammad Zahiruddin Bin Ramli Nur Fadzeelah Abu kassim Nurulhuda Amri Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Pulau Pinang Malaysia

Unclear vision through the automotive glass is always occurring when accumulated water droplets create reflection and refraction of light especially on a rainy day. This is due to the hydrophobic characteristic of the conventional glass surface. In this study, TiO2, SiO2 and SiO2/TiO2 double layers thin film was prepared and coated on the glass plate using sol-gel dip coating method to enhance its surface and light transmittance characteristic. Surface morphology study using Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）justifies the reliability of the method used. As expected for the double layers SiO2/TiO2 film, SiO2 particles aggregates which randomly distributed on the surface of TiO2. Furthermore, the heat treatment employed during the coating and curing process was perfectly done as proven by zero crack spot exist on the coating surface. Performance wise, the prepared coatings were also shown a positive result whereby good agreements between visual observations of water droplet profile with water contact angle analyses were obtained. This finding that served the hydrophilic and self-cleaning function of the coating revealed that SiO2/TiO2 double layers film has demonstrated hydrophilic property based on the 13.9°of contact angle achieved. Moreover,light transmittance characterization on the double layers coating sample shows a significantly high transmission percentage of 71% which is higher than what have been permitted by regulation from Malaysian Road Transport Department. Based on its inexpensive coating method as well as all the positive characteristics, it concludes the feasibility of this type of coating to be used in automotive industry in the near future.

关键词： SiO2/TiO2 double layer thin film Sol-gel dip coating hydrophilic Water contact angle

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Gaussian process hydrodynamics

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第7期44卷 1175-1198页

作者： h.OWhADI California Institute of Technology MC 9-94PasadenaCA 91125U.S.A.

We present a Gaussian process(GP)approach,called Gaussian process hydrodynamics(GPh)for approximating the solution to the Euler and Navier-Stokes(NS)*** to smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPh),GPh is a Lagrangian particle-based approach that involves the tracking of a finite number of particles transported by a ***,these particles do not represent mollified particles of matter but carry discrete/partial information about the continuous *** is achieved by placing a divergence-free GP priorξon the velocity field and conditioning it on the vorticity at the particle *** physics(e.g.,the Richardson cascade and velocityincrement power laws)is incorporated into the GP prior by using physics-informed additive *** is equivalent to expressingξas a sum of independent GPsξl,which we call modes,acting at different scales(each modeξlself-activates to represent the formation of eddies at the corresponding scales).This approach enables a quantitative analysis of the Richardson cascade through the analysis of the activation of these modes,and enables us to analyze coarse-grain turbulence statistically rather than *** GPh is formulated by using the vorticity equations,it does not require solving a pressure *** enforcing incompressibility and fluid-structure boundary conditions through the selection of a kernel,GPh requires significantly fewer particles than *** GPh has a natural probabilistic interpretation,the numerical results come with uncertainty estimates,enabling their incorporation into an uncertainty quantification(UQ)pipeline and adding/removing particles(quanta of information)in an adapted *** proposed approach is suitable for analysis because it inherits the complexity of state-of-the-art solvers for dense kernel matrices and results in a natural definition of turbulence as information *** experiments support the importance of selecting physics-informed kernels and

关键词： I Navier-Stokes(NS)equation Euler Lagrangian vorticity Gaussian pro-cess(GP) physics-informed kernel

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis h.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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Systems engineering optimization of Omid-2 in the conceptual design phase

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2016年第3期27卷 634-648页

作者： h.Shahrabi Seid h.Pourtakdoust Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad University

Due to the importance and role of systems engineering in space mission developments, optimization of Omid＇s systems engineering as a milestone to its current and future generations is focused. In this regard systems engineering management organization as the basis of optimization work flow in the conceptual design phase is proposed for improvement. To improve the systems engineering management, an agile enhanced organization chart is developed that defines various system duties. This is a type of concurrent engineering approach that promotes direct communication and data interchange between the team members. Due to the importance of decision making in the conceptual design phase, two design matrices are constructed that portray merits of various design options in terms of improved satellite life as well as specific choices of remote sensing capability for the Omid second generation（Omid-2）. Conceptual design optimization is explored considering several structural objectives as well as optimal solar energy absorption utilizing a multiple criteria decision making approach. The Eigenvector method is utilized to formulate the objective function via expert judgment. This approach is robust with respect to designer probable miss-judgment. The optimized version of Omid-2 turned out to be a passive Z-axis spin stabilized satellite made of hexagonal honeycomb configuration with carbon-epoxy side panels and Aluminum bottom plate.

关键词： Omid satellite systems engineering optimization conceptual design

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Influence of stretch and temperature on the energy density of dielectric elastomer generators

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2019年第11期40卷 1547-1560页

作者： h.KhAJEhSAEID h.BAGhShOMAL AZAR School of Engineering-Emerging Technologies University of Tabriz

Application of dielectric elastomers (DE) has remarkably increased in mechatronics because they are suitable candidates for energy harvesting due to their low cost,light weight,and high energy *** dielectric elastomer generators (DEGs) exhibit high performance regardless of the applications ***,functioning as a generator,a DE may lose its efficiency due to several failure modes including material rupture,loss of tension (LT),electrical breakdown (EB),and electromechanical instability (EMI).The failure modes confine the area of allowable states for generation *** constant and dielectric strength of such elastomers depend on the amount of applied deformation and also working temperature,which are often ignored in theoretical *** this paper,variations of the above-mentioned parameters are considered in mechanical and electrical modellings to investigate their effects on energy density and efficiency of *** results show that,ignoring the variations of material dielectric constant and dielectric strength leads to overestimation of the specific ***,it is shown that,for an acrylic-based generator,the specific energy sharply decreases with temperature rise.

关键词： renewable energy dielectric elastomer generator (DEG) stretch temperature

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Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： h.M.FEIZABAD M.h.YAS Department of Mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

Natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent *** fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle *** beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic *** different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the *** elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of *** hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are *** generalized differential quadrature method(GDQM)is then applied to the equations to obtain the *** achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam ***,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber ***,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CNTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQM)

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Quantitative hazard assessment for Zonguldak Coal Basin underground mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第3期29卷 453-467页

作者： h.h.Erdogan h.S.Duzgun A.S.Selcuk-Kestel Directorate for Strategy Development Ministry of Energy and Natural ResourcesAnkara 06520Turkey Department of Mining Engineering Colorado School of MinesIL 80401USA Institute of Applied Mathematics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06531Turkey

Underground coal mining is one of the most dangerous occupations throughout the *** reasons behind an underground occupational accident are too complex to analyze mainly due to many uncertainties which may arise from geological,operational conditions of the mine or individual characteristics of *** study proposes implementing a quantitative methodology for the analysis and assessment of hazards associated with occupational *** application of the proposed approach is performed on the mines of Turkish hard Coal Enterprises(TTK).The accidents in TTK between the years 2000 and 2014 are firstly statistically analyzed with respect to the number,type and location of accidents,age,experience,education level and main duty of the casualties and also injuries resulting from such *** hazards are classified as individual,operational and locational hazards and quantified using contingency tables,conditional and total probability *** and upper boundaries of hazards are determined and event trees for each hazard class are *** hazard evaluation results show that Armutcuk,Karadon and Uzulmez mines have relatively high hazard levels while Amasra and Kozlu mines have relatively lower hazard values.

关键词： Underground coal mining Occupational accidents hazard assessment Contingency tables Zonguldak Coal Basin

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ThE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRESS-RELATED PAThOLOGICAL ChANGES IN CEREBRAL VENOUS BLOOD FLOW IN NEWBORN RATS ASSESSED BY DOCT

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Journal of Innovative Optical health Sciences 2013年第3期6卷 76-85页

作者： OXANA V.SEMYAChKINA-GLUShKOVSKAYA VLADISLAV V.LYChAGOV OLGA A.BIBIKOVA IGOR A.SEMYAChKIN-GLUShKOVSKIY SERGEY S.SINDEEV EKATERINAM.ZINChENKO MOhhANAD M.kassim AL-FATLE FATEMA ALI AL hASSANI LEITh MARIA V.ULANOVA VALERY V.TUChIN Department of Biology Saratov State UniversityAstrachanskaya Str.83410012 SaratovRussian Federation Department of Biology Al-Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq Institute of Precise Mechanics and Control of Russia Academy of Science Rabochaya 28 410028 SaratovRussian Federation Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory University of Oulu P.O.BOX 450090014 University of OuluFinland

In experiments on newbom rats with stress related intracrani al hemorhage(ICh)using Doppler optical coberence tomognaphy(DOCT)we have shown that latent stage of ICh(4 h after stress)is characterized by decrease of venous blood outflow and the loss of sensitivity of sagittal vein to vasoconstrictor ffect of *** incidence of ICh(24 h after stress)was accompanied by progressi on of early pathological changes in cerebral venous blood flow(CVBF)and development of venous *** into consideration of this fact,we suggest that the suppression of CVBF related to the severity to the deleterious effect of stress on the brain hemodynamics in newborn *** facts allow us to conclude that the venous insufficiency with the loss of vasoconstrictor response to adrenaline is an informative and sensitive component of pattern of CVBF that can be important diagnostic criteria of risk of ICh development in newborns.

关键词： Doppler optical coherence tomography stress related intracnanial hemorthage cerebral venous blood flow adrenaline

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SYNThESIS, ChARACTERIZATION AND SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF PYRAZINOPORPhYRAZINE NETWORK POLYMER-SUPPORTED METAL (Ⅱ)-BASED CATALYSTS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第2期31卷 242-250页

作者： h.h. Abdel-Razik B.h. Asghar E. Kenawy Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Mansoura University Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Taif University Chemistry Department Faculty of Applied Sciences Umm Al-Qura University Chemistry Department Polymer Research Group Faculty of Science Tanta University

Chloranil through condensation reaction with vicinal diamine such as diaminomaleonitrile produced heterocyclic monomer, p-benzoquinonebis[2,3-b; 2＇,3＇-b＇]pyrazine-5,6-dinitrile. The tetranitrile monomer was cyclo-tetramerised using lithium/pentanol and acetic acid affording the corresponding tetrap-benzoquinone bis[2,3-b; 2＇,3＇-b＇]pyrazinoporphyrazine）]- based network polymer （2h-Pz）. The tetranitril monomer was cyclo-tetramerised using metal salt and quinoline affording the corresponding porphyrazinato-metal II-based network polymers （M-Pz）, M = Co, Ni or Cu. Elemental analytical results, IR and NMR spectral data of the prepared molecules are consistent with their assigned formulations. Molecular masses and metal contents of the synthesized polymers proved to be of high molecular masses which confirm the efficiency of tetramerization polymerization and complexation reactions. The prepared pyrazinoporphyrazines were used as efficient catalysts for the oxidation of thiophenol and benzylthiol to their disulfides in the presence of air atmosphere. The results of oxidation of thiophenol and benzylthiol show that after 15 min the maximum yield of the corresponding disulfides reached 95%, 91%, respectively.

关键词： Pyrazinoporphyrazine Polymer-supported metal (II)-based catalysts Chloranil.

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Pulse chirping effect on controlling the transverse cavity oscillations in nonlinear bubble regime

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第2期26卷 313-319页

作者： h Vosoughian Z Riazi h Afarideh G Sarri Laser and Optic Institute Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute Tehran Iran physics and Accelerator School Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute Tehran Iran Department of Energy Engineering and Physics Amirkabir University of Technology P. O. Box 15875-4413 Tehran Iran School of Mathematics and Physics The Queen's University of Belfast BT7 INN Belfast United Kingdom

The propagation of an intense laser pulse in an under-dense plasma induces a plasma wake that is suitable for the acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies. For an ultra-intense laser pulse which has a longitudinal size shorter than the plasma wavelength, λp, instead of a periodic plasma wave, a cavity free from cold plasma electrons, called a bubble, is formed behind the laser pulse. An intense charge separation electric field inside the moving bubble can capture the electrons at the base of the bubble and accelerate them with a narrow energy spread. In the nonlinear bubble regime, due to localized depletion at the front of the pulse during its propagation through the plasma, the phase shift between carrier waves and pulse envelope plays an important role in plasma response. The carrier–envelope phase（CEP） breaks down the symmetric transverse ponderomotive force of the laser pulse that makes the bubble structure unstable. Our studies using a series of two-dimensional（2D） particle-in-cell（PIC） simulations show that the frequency-chirped laser pulses are more effective in controlling the pulse depletion rate and consequently the effect of the CEP in the bubble regime. The results indicate that the utilization of a positively chirped laser pulse leads to an increase in rate of erosion of the leading edge of the pulse that rapidly results in the formation of a steep intensity gradient at the front of the pulse. A more unstable bubble structure, the self-injections in different positions, and high dark current are the results of using a positively chirped laser pulse. For a negatively chirped laser pulse, the pulse depletion process is compensated during the propagation of the pulse in plasma in such a way that results in a more stable bubble shape and therefore, a localized electron bunch is produced during the acceleration process. As a result, by the proper choice of chirping, one can tune the number of self-injected electrons, the size of accelerated bunch

关键词： bubble regime plasma wake field positively chirped laser pulse

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