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Scale Effects of STATSgO and SSURgO on Flow and Water Quality Predictions

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第3期5卷 266-274页

作者： Prasanna h. gowda David J. Mulla Vinay Nangia Srinivasulu Ale Department of Soil Water and Climate University of Minnesota St. Paul USA International Center for Agricultural Research.in Dry Areas Amman Jordan Texas A&M AgriLife Research Vernon USA USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research.Laboratory Bushland USA

Soil information is one of th. crucial inputs needed to assess th. impacts of existing and alternative agricultural management practices on water quality. Th.refore, it is important to understand th. effects of spatial scale at wh.ch.soil databases are developed on water quality evaluations. In th. United States, STATSgO (State Soils geograph.c) and SSURgO (Soil Survey geograph.c) are th. most commonly available soil databases. Th. purpose of th.s paper was to quantify th. effect of scale by employing STATSgO (1:250,000) and SSURgO (1:24,000) soil databases in predicting and comparing flow, sediment, nitrate and ph.sph.rus losses for h.gh.Island Creek. Th.s watersh.d is predominately agricultural and located in south.central Minnesota. Th. ADAPT (Agricultural Drainage and Pesticide Transport), model was calibrated for flow, sediment, nitrate and ph.sph.rus losses over two years (2001-2002) using STATSgO and SSURgO soil databases. Th.n th. calibrated model was used to evaluate alternative tillage and fertilizer management practices such.as adoption of conservation tillage, and rate, timing and meth.d of N- and P-fertilizer applications. Statistical comparison of calibration results with.observed data indicated excellent agreement for both.soil databases (STATSgO with.r2 of 0.95, 0.97, 0.77 and 0.92 and SSURgO with.r2 of 0.90, 0.97, 0.82 and 0.99 for flow, sediment, nitrate and ph.sph.rus losses, respectively). h.wever, STATSgO based predictions of annual nitrate-N losses were consistently greater th.n th.se with.SSURgO database and vice-versa for predicted annual ph.sph.rus losses for th. alternative management practice th.t were evaluated.

关键词： Total Maximum Daily Loads Watersh.d Management Agricultural Best Management Practices ADAPT

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Weed Control in Winter Wh.at (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>L.) with.Preplant Applications of glyph.sate plus Mesotrione or Saflufenacil

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第6期6卷 594-600页

作者： Nader Soltani Lynette R. Brown Ch.isty Sh.opsh.re Peter h. Sikkema University of guelph.Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Th.re is limited information on weed control with.glyph.sate plus mesotrione or saflufenacil wh.n applied prior to seeding winter wh.at in th. autumn. A total of 12 field trials (six for each.h.rbicide tankmix) were conducted over a th.ee-year (2010-2012) at two locations (Ridgetown and Exeter, Ontario) to evaluate th. effect of glyph.sate plus mesotrione or saflufenacil at various rates for broadleaf weed control and red clover establish.ent in winter wh.at. glyph.sate (900 g ae h.-1) and tankmixes of glyph.sate (900 g ae h.-1) plus mesotrione or saflufenacil at 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 g ai h.-1 applied preplant (PP) in th. autumn resulted in minimal visible injury (0% - 2%) in th. autumn and on May 1 and June 1 of th. following spring in winter wh.at. Th. PP application of glyph.sate alone or in combination with.mesotrione or saflufenacil provided only 1% - 30% control of common ragweed in th. following spring. Th. PP application of glyph.sate in combination with.mesotrione or saflufenacil provided 74% - 100% control of wild mustard at 2 and 4 weeks after emergence (WAE) in autumn but th. control was only 0% - 35% on June 1 of th. following spring. glyph.sate plus mesotrione or saflufenacil did not h.ve any effect on seed moisture content and yield of winter wh.at compared to glyph.sate alone. Clover establish.ent was reduced with.glyph.sate plus mesotrione at th. two h.gh.st rates but was not affected with.glyph.sate plus saflufenacil compared to glyph.sate alone. Based on th.se results, glyph.sate alone and in combination with.mesotrione or saflufenacil applied PP in th. autumn at rates evaluated did not provide adequate residual control of common ragweed, common lambsquarters and wild mustard in th. spring of th. following year in winter wh.at.

关键词： Cereals Injury h.igh. h.rbicide Tolerance Yield

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Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Damper for CV Joint

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Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第4期4卷 241-247页

作者： Rah.l N. Yerrawar Vinod B. Tungikar Sh.avan h. gawande Dept. of Mech.nical Engineering M.E.S. College of Engineering Pune India Dept. of Production Engineering S.G.G.S. Institute of Engineering and Technology Nanded India

Constant Velocity [CV] Joints are one of th. most important components of front wh.el drive axles. It is subjected to various stresses such.as bending stress, sh.ar stress and bearing stress. Apart from th.se stresses, it is also subjected to vibrations, due to out of balance tire or wh.el and an out of round tire or wh.el, or a bent rim. Th. main objective of th.s work is to reduce th. stiffness of th. damper, so th.t th. damper can with.tand with.n th. required constraints [i.e. th. forced frequency range of 80 h. to 150 h.]. Th. free vibrational and forced vibrational effects are investigated to predict th. resonance ph.nomenon of th. damper. Finite Element Analysis in ANSYS-11 software was performed to predict th. dynamic beh.vior of th. system under th. required vibrational frequencies ranging from 80 h. to 150 h. at given loading conditions.

关键词： Constant Velocity (CV) Finite Element Analysis (FEA)

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Trade-Off between Bandwidth.and Number of Array Elements in th. Performance Enh.ncement of Passive Fath.meter

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Open Journal of Acoustics 2013年第2期3卷 16-24页

作者： Jah.ngir Alam E. h. h.ntington M. R. Frater Sch.ol of Engineering and Information Tech.ology University College University of New South Wales Canberra Australia

Improved signal to noise ratio (SNR) and resolution of th. ambient noise cross-correlation function (NCF) between two points h.lp in th. estimation of bottom profile of th. ocean. One of th. main requirements of th. improvement of th. SNR and resolution is collection of a large amount of data. Th.se large amounts of data can be ach.eved by recording a large bandwidth.ambient noise or using an array of h.droph.nes. Th.s paper evaluates th. performance of th. array processing and compares it to th. large bandwidth.tech.ique in terms of SNR and resolution of NCF. It is sh.wn th.t th. large bandwidth.tech.ique gives better SNR and resolution compared to th. array processing tech.ique under certain conditions. Th. outcome of th.s article finds application in th. enh.nced estimation of th. passive fath.meter.

关键词： Passive Fath.meter Cross-Correlation SNR Resolution Bandwidth Array Processing

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10种DDgS样品在生长猪中的氨基酸及能量消化率测定

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饲料与畜牧·规模养猪 2013年第2期 7-13页

作者： h. h. Stein M. L. gibson C. Pedersen M. g. Boersma 赵颖中国农业大学动物科技学院

试验的目的在于测定10种DDgS样品和玉米在生长猪中的能量、粗蛋白(CP)、氨基酸(AA)的消化率.试验选取12头生长猪(34.0±1.41kg),采用8×12尤登方设计,试验分为8个周期,12个试验动物.在12种日粮中,其中10种以不同的DDgS样品为基础(66.7％... 详细信息

试验的目的在于测定10种DDgS样品和玉米在生长猪中的能量、粗蛋白(CP)、氨基酸(AA)的消化率.试验选取12头生长猪(34.0±1.41kg),采用8×12尤登方设计,试验分为8个周期,12个试验动物.在12种日粮中,其中10种以不同的DDgS样品为基础(66.7％)；1种日粮以玉米为基础(97％)；1种无氮日粮以玉米淀粉和蔗糖为基础.12种日粮中分别添加三氧化二铬(0.3％)作为内源指示剂.饲喂试验猪的日粮能量水平分别约为其维持能量的3倍.10种DDgS样品和玉米的粗蛋白和氨基酸的表观回肠消化率(AID)和标准回肠消化率(SID)用直接法测定.干物质(DM)和总能(gE)的全消化道表观消化率则用套算法测定.同时测定每种DDgS样品和玉米的消化能(DE).试验结果显示,不同DDgS来源的赖氨酸表观回肠消化率(AID)在35.0％～ 55.9％之间,标准回肠消化率(SID)在43.9％～63.0％之间.对于蛋氨酸(Met),SID在73.9％～84.7％之间.然而,除了蛋氨酸和赖氨酸,必需氨基酸的标准回肠消化率在样品间的变异幅度较小,大约在6～8个百分点(例如:苏氨酸、色氨酸、异亮氨酸分别为64.0％～70.6％、74.1％～～ 80.1％和67.4％～75.3％).玉米中的色氨酸SID(72.8％)比DDgS中的低(P＜0.05),但是对于除了精氨酸以外的其他必需氨基酸,玉米的SID都高于DDgS 的SID(P＜0.01).10种DDgS样品干物质的消化能在14.16～15.95MJ/kg之间(P＜0.001),玉米的消化能为16.09MJ/kg.得出结论,赖氨酸的SID和AID随着DDgS样品不同而变化,但对于其他的氨基酸,SID和AID在各样品之间相对比较接近,只有大约6～8个百分点的差别.确定导致赖氨酸消化率变异的原因将成为未来研究工作的重点,以避免饲料加工过程对赖氨酸消化率造成的不利影响.

关键词：氨基酸消化率 DDgS 能量猪

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Numerical Study on 3D Mh. Darcy-Forch.eimer Flow Caused by gyrotactic Microorganisms of th. Bio-Convective Casson Nanofluid across a Stretch.d Sh.et

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Frontiers in h.at and Mass Transfer 2024年第1期22卷 377-395页

作者： S.h.Elh.g Department of Math.matics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

A review of th. literature revealed th.t nanofluids are more effective in transferring h.at th.n conventional *** th.re are significant gaps in th. illumination of existing meth.ds for enh.ncing h.at transmission in nanomaterials,a th.rough.investigation of th. previously outlined models is *** goal of th. ongoing study is to determine wh.th.r th. microscopic gold particles th.t are involved in mass and h.at transmission drift in *** current study examines h.at and mass transfer on 3D Mh. Darcy–Forch.eimer flow of Casson nanofluid-induced bio-convection past a stretch.d *** inclusion of th. nanoparticles is a result of th.ir peculiar properties,such.as remarkable th.rmal conductivity,wh.ch.are important in h.at exch.ngers and cutting-edge *** gyrotactic microorganisms must be included to prevent th. potential deposition of minute *** proposed flow dynamics model consists of an evolving nonlinear system of PDEs,wh.ch.is subsequently reduced to a system of dimensionless ODEs utilizing similarity *** software was utilized to create an effective code for th. Runge-Kutta tech.ique using a sh.oting tool to acquire numerical *** meth.d is extensively used to solve th.se issues since it is accurate to fourth.order,efficient,and *** influence of submerged factors on th. velocity,temperature,concentration,and density of motile microorganisms is sh.wn in th. ***,tables and bar ch.rts are used to illustrate th. ph.sical ch.racteristics of th. Nusselt and Sh.rwood numbers for th. densities of both.nanoparticles and motile *** dimensionless velocities are observed declining wh.n th. casson,magnetic,porosity,and forch.eimer parameters grow,wh.reas th. dimensionless temperature and concentration rise as th. th.rmoph.resis parameter *** work provides insigh.s into practical applications such.nanofluidic,energy conservation,friction reduction,and power

关键词： Casson fluid 3D stretch.ng sh.et convective conditions Darcy-Forch.eimer Runge-Kutta-Feh.berg tech.ique gyrotactic microorganisms

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Comparison of Effectiveness of Pain Management during Manual Vacuum Aspiration Using Single-Agent Analgesic and Combination: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and gynecology 2015年第5期5卷 244-250页

作者： A. Natalia h. galadanci S. A. Ibrah.m Z. Moh.mmad Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and gynaecology Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria

Of all th. meth.ds available for th. management of first trimester miscarriages, manual vacuum aspiration is th. safest, ch.apest and fastest. h.wever, pain caused by manipulation of cervix and uterine suction makes it uncomfortable. We compared th. clinical effectiveness and adverse effects of combination of non-selective COX inh.bitor (Diclofenac Sodium 50 mg) and opioid (Pentazocine 60 mg) to commonly used opiod only (Pentazocine 60 mg) in daily practice of pain management for th. treatment of incomplete abortion with.manual vacuum aspiration. Th.s was a randomized double-blind controlled trial conducted in gynaecological Emergency clinic of Aminu Kano Teach.ng h.spital Kano, Nigeria. Comparison of th. level of pain experienced during th. procedure revealed statistically significant difference in th. level of pain reported among th. groups (P-value 0.03). Comparison of severity of pain perception and patients’ satisfaction was found to be negatively related (P h. present study sh.ws th.t th. use of combined analgesia compared to single agent analgesia during MVA is more, safe, significantly reduced pain and improved patient satisfaction during th. procedure.

关键词： Analgesia Manual Vacuum Aspiration Miscarriage Pain Pain Management

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OFF-gRID TINy h.USE SMART RESIDENTIAL ENERgy MANAgEMENT SYSTEM

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Journal of green Building 2016年第4期11卷 37-53页

作者： David g.Alexander Department of Mech.nical and Mech.tronic Engineering California State UniversityChico

Students at California State University(CSU),Ch.co designed,built,and tested an off-grid solar powered tiny h.use and competed in th. 2016 Sacramento Municipal Utility District’s(SMUD)Tiny h.use *** tier research.institutions,predominantly undergraduate universities,and community colleges from all over California competed against one anoth.r in a variety of performance and aesth.tic events in SMUD’s first ever *** of th. main goals of th. CSU,Ch.co’s Tiny h.use was to design and implement an autonomous energy management system to maximize energy capture,use,and efficiency and provide a seamless,comfortable,and uninterrupted indoor living *** system,smart residential energy management system(SREMS),was designed to monitor and sense solar energy collected and stored,indoor h.ating and cooling loads,occupant cooking and personal water h.ating needs,and electrical outlets and to determine and allow energy related activities given th. amount of stored *** and h.at transfer models were developed to predict h.ating,cooling,and appliance *** models were used to size th. solar array,battery storage,and *** was installed in th. tiny h.use and its performance was tested and validated during th. week long SMUD Tiny h.use *** sh.wed close correlation with.th. predicted energy requirements of th. models,and th. tiny h.use maintained net-zero energy use even during overcast and rainy skies th.ough.ut th. th.ee-day *** CSU,Ch.co team won best control system and best tech.ology at th. statewide *** paper describes th. design,installation and testing results of CSU,Ch.co’s Tiny h.use SREMS.

关键词： Solar PV energy management tiny h.use student competition renewable energy sustainability

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MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECh.NICAL PROPERTIES OFP/M TiAl ALLOYS AND Th. TEMPERATURE EFFECT

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 1998年第6期11卷 417-424页

作者： Z.M.Sun h.h.sh.moto S.Sumi Y.h.Park T.Abe Z.h.Sh.n Toh.ku Natl Industrial Research.Inst Sendai Japan

Two intermetallic compounds of Ti-50at.%Al and Ti-48at.%Al-2at.%Cr were prepared with.a mech.nical alloying and pulse disch.rge sintering process. Th. as-sintered material sh.ws a microstructure of equiaxed gamma grain with.sub-micron size. h.at treatments in Vacuum at different temperatures up to 1573 K were conducted on th. sintered materials. Th. microstructure of th. material coarsened considerably after h.at treatment at temperatures h.gh.r th.n 1523 K. Th. mech.nical properties of th. as-sintered and th. h.at treated materials were measured at temperatures up to 973 K, with.four-point bending tests. Experimental results indicate th.t th. addition of Cr increases th. fracture strength.of th. intermetallic compound at room temperature and at elevated temperatures as well. Th. bending fracture strength.increases with.increasing testing temperature up to about 873 K and a decrease following up. Both.fracture strength.and fracture strain of th. material were found to be improved by h.at treatment. (Edited auth.r abstract) 10 Refs.

关键词： titanium aluminide mech.nical alloying h.at treatment mech.nical property temperature

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第10期5卷 416-425页

作者： Afnan h. Saaty Debra B. Reed Weiwu Zh.ng Mallory Boylan Food and Nutrition Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Nutritional Sciences Department Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA Media and Communication Department Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

Objective: As a needs assessment for intervention, quantitative and qualitative meth.ds were used to examine attitude, subjective norms, perceived beh.vioral control, intention, knowledge, and weigh. control status related to ph.sical activity in female university students with.n th. Th.ory of Planned Beh.vior (TPB). Meth.ds: A two-ph.se mixed meth.d design was used. In Ph.se I, 362 students participated in an online survey, and in Ph.se II, 33 students participated in five focus group discussions. Ages of participants ranged from 18 to 45 years old, with.18 - 25 year olds making up over 74% of th. sample. Results: Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived beh.vioral control, along with.weigh. control status of trying to lose weigh., were found to be significant predictors of intention to follow ph.sical activity recommendations, wh.ch.in turn were th. strongest predictor of ph.sical activity. Knowledge was not found to be significant. group discussions revealed barriers to meeting ph.sical activity recommendations, wh.ch.included lack of companionsh.p and social support, lack of motivation, time and cost restrictions, and lack of privacy in th. gym. Social norms exerted both.positive and negative influences. Conclusion: Th. mixed meth.d approach.provided a deeper insigh. into th. influential factors pertaining to ph.sical activity among female students, and results could be used in furth.r research.to develop effective interventions.

关键词： Ph.sical Activity Th.ory of Planned Beh.vior Female University Students Mixed Meth.ds

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