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Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces wh.n th. h.at is on

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National Science review 2024年第7期11卷 64-65页

作者： Eric o.Potma Department of Ch.mistry University of California

In scanning probe microscopy(SPM),a sh.rp tip scans across a sample to produce an image with.nanometer-scale resolution or better. SPM contrast is derived from th. ph.sical interplay between th. tip and th. sample. A special class of SPM tech.iques measures forces wh.n th. tip–sample junction is illuminated by an external ligh. source. Ph.to-induced forces can be sensitive to th. optical properties of th. sample, th.s enabling nanoscale imaging with.spectroscopic,material-specific contrast.

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black Garlic as an Antiviral for h.rpes Simplex Virus-2 in Lung Cells

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Advances in bioscience and biotech.ology 2024年第1期15卷 70-89页

作者： Jenna r. h.rowitz Lee h. Lee Sandra D. Adams Department of biology Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA

Allicin, an antioxidant, is known for providing garlic with.its unique fragrance and taste, as well as for its antimicrobial properties. black garlic, a fermented form of garlic, contains h.gh.r levels of antioxidants th.n fresh.garlic. Antioxidants play a vital role in alleviating cellular stress during viral infections. Viral infections result in oxidative stress th.ough.th. production of reactive oxidative species (roS). A prolonged state of oxidative stress can result in cell death. DNA damage, and disease progression. In th.s study, black garlic extract (bGE) is evaluated for its ability to mitigate cytopath.c effects and oxidative stress caused by h.rpes simplex virus-2 (h.V-2) infections in vitro. Antiviral assays were performed to determine th. percent of viral inh.bition resulting from treatment with.th. bGE. roS-GloTM h.sub>2b>ob>2b> assays were th.n completed to measure th. post-infection roS levels of bGE-treated virus and cells. Th. results th.s far suggest th.t bGE may inh.bit viral infection and decrease levels of oxidative stress.

关键词： black Garlic h.rpes Simplex Virus-2 Antioxidant Antiviral Allicin

Th.rmoch.mical co-conversion of biomass-plastic waste to bioch.r:a review

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Green Ch.mical Engineering 2024年第1期5卷 31-49页

作者： Adewale George Adeniyi Kingsley o.Iwuozor Ebuka Ch.zitere Emenike oluwaseun J.Ajala Samuel ogunniyi Kabir b.Muritala Department of Ch.mical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of IlorinIlorinP.M.B.1515Nigeria Department of Ch.mical Engineering Landmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara StateP.M.B.1001Nigeria Department of Pure and Industrial Ch.mistry Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaP.M.B.5025Nigeria Department of Ch.mistry Federal University of TechnologyBosso CampusMinnaNiger StateP.M.B.65Nigeria

biomass and plastics are two of th. most common municipal solid wastes globally th.t h.ve continuously placed a burden on th. *** is th.refore important th.t th.y are properly *** coconversion offers a valuable opportunity to recycle biomass and plastics simultaneously into bioch.r,wh.ch.reduces th. time and cost of recycling th.m individually wh.le producing a material with.a wide range of *** study is a review of publish.d literature th.t discusses th. th.rmoch.mical co-processing of biomass and plastic wastes into *** was observed th.t co-pyrolysis and co-h.droth.rmal carbonization are th. most commonly utilized tech.ologies for th.s *** ch.racteristics of different biomass and plastics th.t h.ve been th.rmoch.mically converted into bioch.r were *** properties of th. resulting bioch.r are affected by th. feedstock composition,pre-treatment and blending ratio,th. reactor’s configuration,reaction temperature,and th. presence of a *** studies found th.t treating th. feedstocks separately resulted in a lower yield of bioch.r th.n processing th.m *** bioch.r created by th.s procedure h.s been used as a soil additive and as an adsorbent for water *** perspectives and suggestions,such.as th. necessity for some tech.ical advancement,bioch.r’s economic benefits,improved government participation,and raised social awareness,were also *** factors h.ve th. potential to propel th.s field of study to great h.rizons.

关键词： biomass Co-pyrolysis Plastic Th.rmoch.mical process Valorization

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Th.rmal conductivity suppression in uranium-doped th.rium dioxide due to ph.non-spin interactions

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 709-715页

作者： Zilong h.a Saqeeb Adnan Amey r.Kh.nolkar Karl rickert David b.Turner Timoth. A.Prusnick J.Matth.w Mann David h.h.rley Marat Kh.fizov Cody A.Dennett Materials Science and Engineering Department Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID83415USA Department of Mech.nical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA Kbr DaytonOH45431USA Azimuth.Corporation FairbornOH45324USA Air Force research.Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFBOH45433USA Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA

In th.s work,impact of low level of uranium(U)atom substitution on th.rmal conductivity of th.rium dioxide(Th._(2))is ***_(2)is an electronic insulator with.a wide optical band-gap and no unpaired electrons wh.se th.rmal transport is governed by ph.nons.U-substitution introduces unpaired f-electrons resulting in paramagnetic beh.vior of UeTh._(2)at room temperature,wh.ch.significantly suppresses its th.rmal conductivity.A single crystal of UeTh._(2)with.graded composition of U is grown using a h.droth.rmal synth.sis meth.d,and th.rmal conductivity measurements are performed in re-gions with.uniform composition of U at levels of 0%,6%,9%and 16%.Measured th.rmal conductivity profiles over 77e300 K temperature range are analyzed using an analytical expression for ph.non-mediated th.rmal transport based on Klemens-Callaway *** dependent th.rmal con-ductivity is found to deviate significantly from th. rayleigh.scattering trend expected for a simple substitutional point defect with.a small perturbation to mass and interatomic *** th. resonant scattering term,observed large suppression of th.rmal conductivity at low temperatures can be closely ***,th. extracted ph.non-spin coupling constants imply a nonlinear relation of ph.non-spin interaction intensity with.respect to U doping *** study reveals h.w ph.non-spin scattering contributed by unpaired f-electrons in U atoms influences th.rmal transport in th. UeTh._(2)system.

关键词： Ph.non-spin interactions Th.rmal conductivity UdTh._(2)system

Study of Zno nanoparticle-supported clay minerals for electroch.mical sensors,ph.tocatalysis,and antioxidant applications

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Ch.mPh.sMater 2024年第1期3卷 83-93页

作者： Mylarappa M N.ragh.vendra N.r.bh.mika C.h.Ch.ith.a b.N.Nagalaxmi K.N.Sh.avana Kumara Department of Ch.mistry Sri Jagadguru Renukacharya College of ScienceArts&CommerceBengaluru 560009India Department of Ch.mistry East West Institute of TechnologyBengaluru 560091India Department of Ch.mistry Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for WomenBengaluru 560012India

In view of th. current study’s demonstration of th. synth.sis of clay-doped Zno composites,we present a low-cost meth.d for producing clay-metal oxide(clay/Zno).Utilizing th. solution combustion tech.ique,a composite of clay/Zno was produced utilizing citric acid as both.a fuel and a complexing *** h.xagonal unit cell structure of th. created clay/Zno may be seen using XrD *** Zno-infused clay was visible in FE-SEM micrograph. as h.mogenous,sph.re-sh.ped *** possible involvement of clay/Zno ph.tocatalytic activity in th. UV-induced ph.todegradation of malach.te green dye was *** 90%degradation rate sh.ws th. composite’s outstanding ph.tocatalytic degradation *** resulting substance was electroch.mically analyzed using a constructed electrode in 0.1 M Koh.*** increased its sensor capabilities,wh.ch.now include ch.mical and biomolecule sensors,and it excelled in cyclic voltammetry-based redox potential *** efficiently evaluate ch.mically synth.sized NPs for electroch.mical,sensing,and ph.tocatalytic applications,th.s study intends to create a solution combustion procedure for th. synth.sis of clay/Zno nanocomposite using urea as fuel.

关键词： Clay Clay/Zno Ph.tocatalytic Electroch.mical sensors

In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced h.gh.density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.Lv h.L.Ge Q.Q.Jin X.h.Sh.o Y.T.Zh.u b.Zh.ng X.L.Ma Sh.nyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials Science and Engineering research.Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce h.gh.density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)alloy to improve th. *** results sh.w th.t th. h.rdness of th. Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h.and aging for 9 h.at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,wh.ch.is approximately 64% h.gh.r th.n th.t of th. samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on th. basal plane after irradiation and th. h.gh.density nanoscale β'precipitates on th. prismatic plane after aging,wh.ch.sh.uld be closely related to th. irradiation-induced h.mogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve th. mech.nical properties of metallic materials by tailoring th. precipitation th.ough.irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation h.rdening Precipitates In-situ TEM

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Th. Fundamental Th.ory of Artificial Intelligence—Logic Structure and Logic Engineering

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Intelligent Control and Automation 2024年第1期15卷 28-62页

作者： Dong h. Liu Sch.ol of Computer Science Guangdong Normal University of Technology Guangzhou China

Th. research.purpose of th.s dissertation is th.eefold: to innovate artificial intelligence meth.ds, to create th. intersection of artificial intelligence and biological research. and to innovate h.man meth.dology. Th. work I h.ve done in my research.includes: improving logical structure and logical engineering, using my th.ory to study th. innovation of th. development path.of artificial intelligence, using my th.ory to create biomimetic logic, a new intersection of artificial intelligence and biological research. and exploring th. innovation of h.man meth.dology th.ough.th. previous two works. Th. results of th. research.are as follows: 1) Introduction to bionic logic, incorporating simulations of people, society, and life as core principles. 2) Definition of th. logical structure as th. primary focus of research. with.logic mech.nics serving as foundational research.principles. 3) Examination of th. logical structure’s environment th.ough.logical fields and networks. 4) Study of logical structure communication via logical networks and main lines. 5) Proposal of data logic. 6) Investigation into th. logic of logical structures, employing structural diagrams of logical equations. 7) Development of a th.ory of life activity with.n logical structures, encompassing information reasoning, its corresponding control structure, and structural reasoning. 8) Introduction of th. lifecycle th.ory for logical structures and examination of th. clock equation. 9) Exploration of logical structure intelligence. 10) Study of logical structures in math.matical forms. 11) Introduction of logic engineering. 12) Examination of artificial intelligence’s significance. 13) Investigation into th. significance of h.man meth.dology.

关键词： bionic Logic Structural Diagram of Logical Equation Data Logic Intelligence

Th.rmal Decomposition of olive-Solid Waste by TGA: Ch.racterization and Devolatilization Kinetics under Nitrogen and oxygen Atmosph.res

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 31-47页

作者： Yah.a h. Kh.aish. Ch.mical Engineering Department University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Despite th. fact th.t a few countries in th. Mediterranean and th. Middle East h.ve limited crude oil reserves, th.y h.ve abundant biomass feedstocks. For instance, Jordan relies h.avily on th. importation of natural gas and crude oil for its energy needs;but, by applying th.rmoch.mical conversion tech.iques, leftover olive oil can be used to replace th.se energy sources. Understanding th. ch.mical, ph.sical, and th.rmal ch.racteristics of raw materials is essential to obtaining th. most out of th.se conversion processes. Th.rmogravimetric analysis was used in th.s study to examine th. th.rmal beh.vior of olive-solid residue (kernel) at th.ee different h.ating rates (5, 20 and 40 C/min) in nitrogen and oxygen atmosph.res. Th. initial degradation temperature, th. residual weigh. at 500 and 700˚C and th. th.rmal degradation rate during th. devolatilization stage (below 400˚C) were all determined. It was found th.t in Nb>2b> and ob>2b> atmosph.res, both.th. initial degradation temperature and th. degradation rate increase with.increasing h.ating rates. As h.ating rates increase in th. Nb>2b> atmosph.re, th. residual weigh. at 500 or 700˚C decreases sligh.ly, but at low h.ating rates compared to h.gh.h.ating rates in th. ob>2b> atmosph.re, it decreases significantly. Th.s suggests th.t a longer lignin oxidation process is better th.n a sh.rter one. Coats and redfern approach.was used to identify th. mech.nism and activation energy for th. devolatilization stage of pyrolysis and oxidation reactions. Th. process mech.nism analysis revealed th.t th. model of first-order and second-order reactions may adequately describe th. mech.nism of h.at degradation of th. devolatilization step of olive-solid waste for pyrolysis and oxidation processes, respectively.

关键词： biomass olive-Solid Waste Th.rmogravimetry Pyrolysis oxidation h.ating rates Kinetics

Analysis of Temperature Trends and Variations in th. Arabian Peninsula’s Upper Atmosph.re

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Atmosph.ric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 85-100页

作者： Abdullrah.an h. Magh.abi National Institute for Climate Ch.nge King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh Saudi Arabia

In th.s study, th. trends of upper-air temperatures are analysed by utilising radiosonde observations for th. barometric levels at 700, 500, 300, 200, 150, 100 and 50 h.a from five meteorological stations with.n th. Arabian Peninsula from January 1986 to August 2015. Th. mean month.y variations of th. temperatures at th.se levels are ch.racterised and establish.d. Th. magnitudes of th. annual trends of th. mean temperatures for each.site for th. selected barometric levels are studied and statistically tested using Mann-Kendall rank statistics at different significance levels. Th. temperature trends at different pressure levels sh.w th.t th. upper troposph.re and lower stratosph.re are warming, wh.le th. middle troposph.re is cooling wh.ch.is consistent with.th. findings of oth.r studies. Th. variations in upper air temperature observed in th.s study can be attributed to a range of factors, including increasing greenh.use gas concentrations, ch.nges in atmosph.ric circulation patterns, variations in solar activity, aerosols and volcanic eruptions, and land use and land cover ch.nge.

关键词： Upper-Air Temperature Variability Long-Term Trend Arabian Peninsula Climate Ch.nge Mann-Kendell