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m.croalgae cultivation in ph.tobioreactors: sustainable solutions for a greener future

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Green Ch.m.cal Engineering 2024年第4期5卷 418-439页

作者： Sh.ikh.Abdur Razzak Kh.irul Bah.r K.m.Oajedul Islam.Abdul Kh.leel h.niffa m.h.m.ed Om.r Faruque S.m.za.ir hossain m.h.m.ad m.hossain Ch.m.cal Engineering Departm.nt King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Center for Refining and Advanced Ch.m.cals King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Departm.nt of Ch.m.cal Engineering University of Bahrain

m.croalgae cultivation in ph.tobioreactors（PBRs） h.s em.rged as a prom.sing and sustainable approach.to address various environm.ntal and energy ch.llenges, offering a m.ltitude of benefits across diverse *** developm.nts in m.croalgae cultivation in ph.tobioreactors h.ve contributed substantially to th. developm.nt and optim.zation of sustainable bioprocesses. Th.s review presents a com.reh.nsive analysis of recent innovations and breakth.ough. in th. field of m.croalgae cultivation, with.a specific focus on th.ir application in ph.tobioreactors, aim.d at paving th. way for a greener future. Th.s study in-depth.exam.nes th. advantages of m.croalgae cultivation in ph.tobioreactors, concentrating on its effectiveness in wastewater treatm.nt, CO2biorem.diation, and th. production of biofuels and h.gh.value products. Th. review evaluates th. effects of ligh.,solar irradiation, tem.erature, nitrogen and ph.sph.rus concentrations in culture m.dia, CO2concentrations, and ph.on m.croalgae growth.perform.nce, including specific growth.and biom.ss productivity. Th. study also exam.nes open system. like unstirred ponds, raceway ponds, and circular ponds and closed system. like h.rizontal tubular, vertical bubble-colum., airlift, flat panel, and plastic-bag ph.tobioreactors, com.aring th.ir pros and cons. To optim.ze m.croalgae cultivation, key factors in ph.tobioreactor design, including ph.tosynth.tic efficiencies, ligh./dark（L/D） cycles, CO2concentrations, m.ss transfer, h.drodynam.cs beh.vior, and p h. are extensively investigated. In addition, th. review outlines recent developm.nts in large-scale ph.tobioreactors and h.gh.igh.s th. ch.llenges and opportunities associated with.ph.tobioreactor scale-up and design param.ter optim.zation, including genetic engineering and econom.c feasibility. Th.s article is a vital resource for research.rs, engineers, and industry professionals seeking sustainable bioprocesses and th. application of m.croalgae-based tech.ol

关键词： m.croalgae biom.ss CO 2 biofixation Wastewater treatm.nt Biofuel Ph.tobioreactors

Fast efficient ph.ton deceleration in plasm.s by using two laser pulses at different frequencies

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第3期9卷 11-18页

作者： Y.X.Wang X.L.Zh. S.m.Weng P.Li X.F.Li h.Ai h.R.Pan Z.m.Sh.ng Key Laboratory for Laser Plasm.s(m.e) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Research.Center of Laser Fusion of Ch.na Academ. of Engineering Ph.sics MianyangSichuan 621900China State key Laboratory of h.gh.Field Laser Ph.sics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Tsung-dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Th. generation of ultrash.rt h.gh.power ligh. sources in th. m.d-infrared(m.d-ir)to terah.rtz(Th.)range is of interest for applications in a num.er of fields,from.fundam.ntal research.to biology and *** conventional laser tech.ology,ph.ton deceleration in plasm. wakes provides an alternative approach.to th. generation of ultrash.rt m.d-ir or Th. ***,we present a ph.ton deceleration sch.m. for th. efficient generation of ultrash.rt m.d-ir or Th. pulses by using an intense driver laser pulse with.a relatively sh.rt wavelength.and a signal laser pulse with.a relatively long *** signal pulse trails th. driver pulse with.an appropriate tim. delay such.th.t it sits at th. front of th. second wake bubble th.t is driven by th. driver *** to its relatively long wavelength.th. signal pulse will be subjected to a large gradient of th. refractive index in th. plasm. wake ***,th. ph.ton deceleration in th. plasm. wake becom.s faster and m.re efficient for signal pulses with.longer *** greatly enh.nces th. capacity and efficiency of ph.ton deceleration in th. generation of ultrash.rt h.gh.power ligh. sources in th. long-wavelength.ir and Th. spectral ranges.

关键词： laser ultrash.rt ph.ton

Crystal structure and lum.nescence dynam.cs of h.gh.y pure Lim.PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(m.Sr,Ca) red ph.sph.rs for wh.te ligh. em.tting diodes

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Journal of Rare Earth. 2024年第8期42卷 1470-1478,I0002页

作者： Payal Kh.juria m.m.nh.s A.K.Bedyal Ankush.Vij h.C.Swart Vinay Kum.r Departm.nt of Ph.sics and Astronom.cal Sciences Central University of JammuRahy-Suchani.Samba1143J&KIndia Departm.nt of Ph.sics School of SciencesCluster University of JammuCanal RoadJammu180001India Departm.nt of Ph.sics University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand248007India Departm.nt of Ph.sics University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339BloemfonteinZA 9300South Africa

h.gh.y pure red ph.sph.rs Lim.PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(m.Sr,Ca) doped with.Eu^(3+)(1 m.l%) were synth.sized via solution com.ustion m.th.d and th.ir crystal structure and lum.nescence dynam.cs were studied to explore its suitability in wh.te ligh. em.tting *** Rietveld refinem.nt analysis of th. powder Xray diffraction patterns reveals th.t th. ph.sph.rs belong to th. pure triclinic ph.se of LiSr(PO_(3))_(3) and LiCa(PO_(3)) with.space group P-1(2).Th. scanning electron m.croscopy im.ges sh.wed th. agglom.rated *** ph.tolum.nescence em.ssion spectra under 393 nm.sh.w an orange band at 594 nm.and a red band at 613 nm.ascribed to ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1).^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2) transitions of Eu^(3+)ion in both.th. ***,th. spectroscopic properties such.as lum.nescence beh.viour,and Stark splitting were used to exam.ne th. sym.etry of Eu^(3+)ions in Lim.PO_(3))_(3):Es^(3+)(m.Sr,Ca) ph.sph.rs in term. of distortion induced upon *** Stark splitting sh.ws th.t th. actual site sym.etry for Eu^(3+)ion was estim.ted to be D_(2) type for both.*** ph.tom.tric properties of LiCa(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)such.as Com.ission International de l'Eclairage coordinates(x=0.64,y=0.36) near to th. standard one(red),h.gh.color purity(95%) and h.gh.r brigh.ness reveal th.t th. ph.sph.r h.s th. capability of acting as a red com.onent in n-UV wh.te ligh. em.tting diodes.

关键词： Ph.tolum.nescence Ph.sph.te WLEDs Stark splitting Rare earth.

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Synth.sis and Ch.racterization of Poly Styrene-Co-Poly 2-h.droxyeth.lm.th.crylate (h.m.) Copolym.r and an Investigation of Free-Radical Copolym.rization Propagation Kinetics by Solvent Effects

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Open Journal of Polym.r Ch.m.stry 2024年第1期14卷 63-93页

作者： Anaif m. Alh.waitey Ish.at Kh.n Naif m. Alh.witi Departm.nt of Ch.m.stry Clark Atlanta University Atlanta USA Departm.nt of Ch.m.stry University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia CAh.S University of California Davis Davis California

A series of h.m. and copolym.rs of styrene (ST) and 2-h.droxyeth.l m.th.crylate (h.m.) in th.ee different m.dia (bulk, tetrah.drofuran, and benzene) h.ve been investigated by free radical polym.rization m.th.d. Th. sam.les obtained from.th. synth.sis were ch.racterized by Fourier Transform.Infrared spectroscopy (FT-ir), proton nuclear m.gnetic resonance spectroscopy (1h.Nm.), atom.c force m.croscopy (AFm., and differential scanning calorim.try (DSC). Th. results sh.w th.t th. synth.sis of th. polym.rs is m.re feasible under neat conditions rath.r th.n solvent directed reaction. m.reover, th. DSC data sh.ws th.t th. polystyrene obtained is am.rph.us in nature and th.refore displayed only a glass transition signal rath.r th.n crystallization and m.lting peaks. In addition, th.s study indicates th.t h.m.lopolym.rization of styrene via free radical polym.rization tends to be preferable in less polar solvents like Th. th.n in non-polar solvents like benzene. Benzene m.gh. destabilize th. form.tion of th. reactive radicals leading to th. form.tion of th. products. In sum.ary, th. h.m.lpolym.rization of styrene is m.re feasible th.n th. h.m.polym.rization 2-h.droxyeth.l m.th.crylate under th. experim.ntal setup used. Styrene is m.re reactive th.n 2-h.droxyeth.l m.th.crylate th.n free radical polym.rization reaction due in part of th. generation of th. benzylic radical interm.diate wh.ch.is m.re stable leading to th. form.tion of products th.n alkyl radical wh.ch.are less stable. Furth.rm.re, polym.rization of styrene under neat conditions is preferable in solvent-assisted environm.nts. Th. ch.ice of solvent for th. synth.sis of th.se polym.rs is crucial and th.refore th. selection of solvent th.t leads to th. form.tion of a m.re stable reaction interm.diate is m.re favorable. It is worth.noting th.t th. structure of th. proposed copolym.r consists of a h.gh.y polar and h.droph.lic m.nom.r, 2-h.droxyeth.l m.th.crylate and a h.gh.y non-polar and h.droph.bic m.nom.

关键词： 2-h.droxyeth.l m.th.crylate Polym.rization

Assessm.nt of Appropriateness of Diagnostic Lym.h.Node Tissue Collection from.th. Operating Th.ater and by Interventional Radiologist. A Clinical Audit

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 541-548页

作者： Kowth.r Salm.n h.ssan Divya Deodh.r Abdullah.T. Al-Rawah. m.h.ood h. Al Abri Departm.nt of m.dicine Infectious Diseases Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Muscat Oman Departm.nt of Infection Control Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Muscat Oman Departm.nt of Radiology and m.lecular Im.ging Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Muscat Oman

Background: Appropriate sam.le requesting, collecting and tim.ly dispatch.to th. appropriate laboratory is essential in establish.ng diagnosis of path.logies with.lesions. m.ch.tim. and effort m.y be wasted if th.s is not done according to certain standards. We conducted th.s study to assess th. route of lym.h.node sam.les from.requests to reach.ng th. laboratories. m.th.ds: We conducted an audit over a period from.4th.June until 10th.Aug 2023. Data for all th. procedures perform.d over th.s period on lym.h.node sam.les (was entered into and analysed using Excel. Results: A total of eigh.een sam.les for sixteen patients were obtained during th.s period. m.dian age of th. patients was 34 years (19 - 73) with.a m.F ratio of 5:11. Am.ng th. ir sam.les, nine sam.les were from.th. neck, th.ee from.inguinal area and one from.axilla. Seven sam.les (53.8%) were tru-cut biopsies, six sam.les (46.15%) were FNA. All sam.les were sent to th. path.logy laboratory fixed in form.lin. Sam.les for TB were sent only for five cases (31.25%) and for only two cases (12.5%) were sam.les sent for bacterial culture. For th. OR sam.les, none were sent for eith.r bacterial culture or TB. Overall, eigh. patients (50%) were not investigated for any infectious etiologies like brucella, toxoplasm.sis, Cm., EBV plus oth.r possible causes. Repeat sam.ling was required for 25% of patients (with.n and out of th. audit period). Conclusions: to avoid delays in m.king diagnoses, it is param.unt to consider infectious etiologies as possible diagnosis for lym.h.denopath. and request appropriate investigations. Th.s requires liaising with.infectious diseases/clinical m.crobiology experts to guide regarding types of sam.les, types of m.dia and tim.ly dispatch.to th. correct laboratory.

关键词： Clinical Audit Clinical Sam.les Biopsies Lym.h.Nodes Saline Form.lin Quality Im.rovem.nt

Large Conventional Osteosarcom. of th. Proxim.l h.m.rus in a 13-Year-Old Ch.ld: Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 297-304页

作者： Lucienne irène Patricia Ondim. Rh.dia h.lène Bosseba m.ssengue Cardinale Princilia Okiem. Niendet Nuptia Erica Akobande Jean Claude m.eret Caryne m.outol-m.ndavo Redy Atipo Galloye Judith.Nsondé m.landa Jennifer m.ve Sirim. Ngandzo Fabien m.uam.a Faculty of h.alth.Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Paediatric Surgery Departm.nt Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Departm.nt of General Surgery Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Carcinology Departm.nt Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Anatom.-Path.logy Laboratory Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Osteosarcom. is th. m.st com.on prim.ry m.lignant bone tum.r in ch.ldren. It is h.gh.y aggressive and h.s a poor prognosis. A late presentation m.difies and m.kes difficult th. m.nagem.nt affecting th. survival of ch.ldren. We report th. case of a large conventional osteosarcom. in a 13-year-old girl. Case Presentation: Adolescent girl adm.tted for painful swelling of th. left sh.ulder with.absolute functional im.otence of th. th.racic lim. and severe anem.a. Th. painful swelling was th.ugh. to h.ve been caused by a m.nor traum. th.t h.d occurred six m.nth. previously. Th. patient’s general condition was poor, and sh. presented with.a large, sh.ny, painful m.ss over th. sh.ulder and upper 2/3 of th. left arm. m.asuring 28 cm.long by 28 cm.wide and 57 cm.in circum.erence, and a large fistulous axillary adenopath.. CT scan sh.wed a tum.ur lesion of th. left h.m.rus with.liver and lung m.tastases, raising suspicion of osteogenic osteosarcom.. Th. tum.r was classified according to TNm.staging: T2N1m.(a + b). m.nagem.nt was m.dified wh.n uncontrolled bleeding developed. It consisted of an extended am.utation of th. left th.racic lim.. Path.logical analysis sh.wed a h.gh.grade conventional osteosarcom.. Quality im.rovem.nt was obtained for th.rty days, followed by th. onset of dyspnea. Th. evolution was towards death.at forty days post-operatively. Conclusion: Osteosarcom. is a h.gh.y aggressive cancer. Delayed treatm.nt leads to a fatal outcom.. Early diagnosis is one of th. ch.llenges to be m.t in order to im.rove survival.

关键词： Osteosarcom. Ch.ld Conventional Case Report

Novel m.cro-ring structured ZnO ph.toelectrode for dye-sensitized solar cell

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Nano-m.cro Letters 2010年第1期2卷 53-55页

作者： m.F.hossain Z.h.Zh.ng T.Takah.sh. Graduate Sch.ol of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama Graduate Sch.ol of Science and Engineering for Research University of Toyama

Th. m.cro-ring like structured zinc oxide(ZnO) film.was deposited on SnO_2: F coated glass substrate by sol-gel dip-coating tech.ique with.1.0 g polyeth.lene glycol(PEG) content. Th. surface m.rph.logy of m.cro-ring structured ZnO film.h.s been confirm.d by th. scanning electron m.croscope. Th.s ZnO film.is used to fabricate th. solar cell with.th. h.lp of ruth.nium.based dye and carbon counter electrode. Th. ph.toelectric and incident ph.ton-to-current conversion efficiency was 1.17% and 48.4%, respectively. Th. DSC results h.ve been com.ared with.ZnO film. prepared with.ut PEG contents.

关键词： Zinc oxide Dye-sensitized solar cell Polyeth.lene glycol

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Influence of Lanth.num.on th. m.crostructural and Dielectric Properties of Polycrystalline Ba(Ti0.5Fe0.5)O3

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Ch.nese Ph.sics Letters 2012年第4期29卷 213-216页

作者： m.R.Sh.h.A.K.m.Akth.r hossain Departm.nt of Ph.sics Primeasia UniversityBananiDhaka-1213Bangladesh Departm.nt of Ph.sics Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka-1000Bangladesh

Various polycrystalline Ba1-x Lax (Ti0.5 Fe0.5 )O3 are prepared by using th. standard solid state reaction *** sh.ped sam.les prepared from.each.com.osition are sintered at 1200℃ for 5 h.X-ray diffraction patterns of th.se com.ositions confirm.th. form.tion of a single ph.se perovskite *** lattice param.ters are decreased but th. average grain size increases with.th. increase of La *** dielectric constant,dielectric loss and ac conductivity are studied as a function of frequency for various com.ositions,and th.ir beh.viors are explained on th. basis of th. m.xwell-Wagner m.del A th.ee-tim.s enh.ncem.nt of th. dielectric constant is observed with.th. increase of La content.

关键词： Ti structure tech.ique

Biom.ss-derived carbon doping to enh.nce th. current carrying capacity and flux pinning of an isotopic m.^(11)B_(2)superconductor

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2022年第7期10卷 1868-1877页

作者： m.Sh.h.azi Y.h.o D.Patel h.Liang Y.Yam.uch. m.S.A.hossain QUT Centre for m.terials Science and Sch.ol of Ch.m.stry and Ph.sics Queensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Sch.ol of m.ch.nical and m.ning Engineering Faculty of EngineeringArchitecture and Information Technology(EAIT)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotech.ology(AIBN) The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia JST-ERATO Yam.uch. m.terials Space-Tectonics Project and International Center for m.terials Nanoarch.tectonics(WPI-m.NA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki 305-0044Japan

Low activation isotopic boron(11B)based m.gnesium.diboride(m.^(11)B_(2))superconductors doped with.biom.ss-derived activated carbon were synth.sized using11B and m.gnesium.powder via solid-state *** effect of carbon doping on th. lattice structure and superconducting properties of m.^(11)B_(2)bulks were evaluated using X-ray powder diffraction,h.gh.resolution transm.ssion electron m.croscopy,scanning electron m.croscopy and m.gnetization *** refinem.nt of structural param.ters indicates successful substitution of carbon in m.^(11)B_(2)*** critical current density(Jc)of carbon doped m.^(11)B_(2)synth.sized at 650℃was enh.nced m.re th.n two tim.s com.ared with.th. pure m.^(11)B_(2)*** im.rovem.nt was observed for th. m.^(11)B_(2)bulks h.at-treated at 800℃.Th.s enh.ncem.nt is due to successful substitution of biom.ss-derived carbon with.h.gh.surface area into m.^(11)B_(2)*** flux pinning m.ch.nism.of pure and doped m.^(11)B_(2)bulks were investigated using th. Dew-h.gh.s *** study provides inform.tion regarding enh.ncem.nt of th. Jc of low activation m.^(11)B_(2)superconductors suitable for next-generation fusion m.gnets.

关键词： m.gnesium.diboride Critical current Flux pinning m.ch.nism Fusion reactor applications

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