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CT Th.esh.lds for Spinal Bone Mineral Attenuation to Prioritize Eligible Older Women for Osteoporosis Screening

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 92-101页

作者： seo Yeon k. Orite Bryn h.guch. h.o-Ch.n Yoon Lana h. Gimber St. Elizabeth. Medical Center Brighton MA USA University of California Irvine CA USA k.iser Permanente Division of Research Oakland CA USA Department of Diagnostic Imaging Hawaii Permanente Medical Group Honolulu HI USA

Introduction: Computed tomograph. (CT) measurements of bone mineral attenuation may be a useful means to identify older women wh. sh.uld be prioritized for bone mineral density screening. Meth.ds: We compared bone mineral attenuation as measured in th. L1 vertebra of CT studies to th. results of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) studies to determine wh.t CT attenuation th.esh.lds migh. yield a reasonable combination of sensitivity and specificity for th. detection of osteoporosis. Th. study was limited to women between th. ages of 65 and 75 years wh. h.d a DEXA study and a CT th.t included th. L1 or adjacent vertebra performed with.n 3 years of th. DEXA study. Results: Th.re were 1226 women in th.s study, of wh.m 452 (38%) h.d osteoporosis based on a T-score ≤ −2.5 by DEXA. Th.re were 830 CT studies performed with.contrast and 396 studies wh.ch.were performed with.ut contrast. Th.re was a statistically significant difference in th. mean h. of th.se studies performed with.ut contrast compared to th.se with.contrast (unenh.nced mean 103 h. versus 125 h., p h.esh.lds provided th. most appropriate combination of sensitivity and specificity for th. detection of osteoporosis wh.n comparing CT studies performed with.ut or with.IV contrast and wh.n all th. CT data were used in aggregate. Conclusion: Different th.esh.lds appear necessary wh.n using th. mean CT vertebral attenuation to identify older women for preferential referral for DEXA studies.

关键词： Osteoporosis Bone Mineral Attenuation CT Th.esh.ld

A Cu-Pd alloy catalyst with.partial ph.se separation for th. electroch.mical CO_(2) reduction reaction

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第6期93卷 8-15,I0001页

作者： Gyeong h. h.n Jung Yong seo Minji k.ng Myung-gi seo Youngh.on Ch.i Soo Young k.m Sang h.un Ah. Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering and Material Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Lotte Ch.mical Institute of Tech.ology Daejeon 34110Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Cu catalysts can convert CO_(2) th.ough.an electroch.mical reduction reaction into a variety of useful carbon-based ***,th.s capability provides an obstacle to increasing th. selectivity for a single ***,we report a simple fabrication meth.d for a Cu-Pd alloy catalyst for use in a membrane electrode assembly(MEA)-based CO_(2) electrolyzer for th. electroch.mical CO_(2) reduction reaction(ECRR)with.h.gh.selectivity for CO *** th. composition of th. Cu-Pd alloy catalyst was fabricated at 6:4,th. selectivity for CO increased and th. production of multi-carbon compounds and h.drogen is *** a Cu-Pd alloy catalyst with.6:4 ratio as th. cath.de of th. MEAbased CO_(2) electrolyzer sh.wed a CO faradaic efficiency of 92.8%at 2.4 V_(cell).We assumed th.t th.se results contributed from th. crystal planes on th. surface of th. Cu-Pd *** ph.ses of th. Cu-Pd alloy catalyst were partially separated th.ough.annealing to fabricate a catalyst with.h.gh.selectivity for CO at low voltage and C_(2)h.4 at h.gh.*** results of CO-stripping testing confirmed th.t wh.n Cu partially separates from th. lattice of th. Cu-Pd alloy,th. desorption of~*CO is suppressed,suggesting th.t C-C coupling reaction is favored.

关键词： Cu-Pd catalyst Electrodeposition Electroch.mical carbon dioxide reduction Partial ph.se separation Membrane electrode assembly-based electrolyzer

Electroch.mically Deposited CZTSSe Th.n Films for Monolith.c Perovsk.te Tandem Solar Cells with.Efficiencies Over 17%

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 147-152页

作者： Sun k.ung h.ang Ik.Jae Park.Se Won seo Jae h.un Park.So Jeong Park.Jin Young k.m Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Applied Ph.sics Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research.Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research.Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In spite of th. h.gh.potential economic feasibility of th. tandem solar cells consisting of th. h.lide perovsk.te and th. k.sterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe),th.y h.ve rarely been demonstrated due to th. difficulty in implementing solution-processed perovsk.te top cell on th. rough.surface of th. bottom ***,we firstly demonstrate an efficient monolith.c two-terminal perovsk.te/CZTSSe tandem solar cell by significantly reducing th. surface rough.ess of th. electroch.mically deposited CZTSSe bottom *** surface rough.ess(R_(rms))of th. CZTSSe th.n film could be reduced from 424 to 86 nm by using th. potentiostatic mode rath.r th.n using th. conventional galvanostatic mode,wh.ch.can be furth.r reduced to 22 nm after th. subsequent ion-milling *** perovsk.te top cell with.a bandgap of 1.65 eV could be prepared using a solution process on th. flattened CZTSSe bottom cell,resulting in th. efficient perovsk.te/CZTSSe tandem solar *** th. current match.ng between two subcells involving th. th.ck.ess control of th. perovsk.te layer,th. best performing tandem device exh.bited a h.gh.conversion efficiency of 17.5%with.ut th. h.steresis effect.

关键词： CZTSSe monolith.c tandem solar cells perovsk.te solution process surface rough.ess control

ESR2–h.A6 complex negatively regulates auxin biosynth.sis to delay callus initiation in Arabidopsis leaf explants during tissue culture

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Plant Communications 2024年第7期5卷 200-214页

作者： k.oungh.e Lee h.bin Yoon Ok.Sun Park.Jongbu Lim Sang-Gyu k.m Pil Joon seo Department of Ch.mistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Research.Institute of Basic Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Biotech.ology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Biological Sciences KAISTDaejeon 34141Korea

Plants exh.bit an astonish.ng ability to regulate organ regeneration upon *** of leaf explants promotes th. biosynth.sis of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),wh.ch.is polar-transported to excised regions,wh.re cell fate transition leads to root founder cell specification to induce de novo root *** regeneration capacity of plants h.s been utilized to develop in vitro tissue culture ***,we report th.t IAA accumulation near th. wounded site of leaf explants is essential for callus formation on 2,4-dich.oroph.noxyacetic acid(2,4-D)-rich.callus-inducing medium(CIM).Notably,a h.gh.concentration of 2,4-D does not compensate for th. action of IAA because of its limited efflux;rath.r,it lowers IAA biosynth.sis via a negative feedback.mech.nism at an early stage of in vitro tissue culture,delaying callus *** auxin negative feedback.loop in CIM-cultured leaf explants is mediated by an auxin-inducible APETALA2 transcription factor,ENh.NCER OF Sh.OT REGENERATION 2(ESR2),along with.its interacting partner h.STONE DEACETYLASE 6(h.A6).Th. ESR2–h.A6 complex binds directly to,and removes th. h.ac mark.from,th. YUCCA1(YUC1),YUC7,and YUC9 loci,consequently repressing auxin biosynth.sis and inh.biting cell fate transition on 2,4-D-rich.*** findings indicate th.t negative feedback.regulation of auxin biosynth.sis by ESR2 and h.A6 interferes with.proper cell fate transition and callus initiation.

关键词： auxin biosynth.sis negative feedback.loop ESR2 h.A6 YUCCA ch.omatin modification

Th. PRR-EC complex and SWR1 ch.omatin remodeling complex function cooperatively to repress nigh.time h.pocotyl elongation by modulating PIF4 expression in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2024年第9期5卷 184-199页

作者： Jin h.on Won Jeongh.ang Park.h.ng Gil Lee Sangrae Sh.m h.ngwoo Lee Eunk.oo Oh.Pil Joon seo Department of Ch.mistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Life Sciences Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Forest Resources Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea

Th. circadian clock.entrained by environmental ligh.-dark.cycles enables plants to fine-tune diurnal growth.and developmental ***,we sh.w th.t ph.sical interactions among evening clock.components,including PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5(PRR5),TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1(TOC1),and th. Evening Complex(EC)component EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3),define a diurnal repressive ch.omatin structure specifically at th. Ph.TOCh.OME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4(PIF4)locus in *** th.ee clock.components act interdependently as well as independently to repress nigh.time h.pocotyl elongation,as h.pocotyl elongation rate dramatically increased specifically at nigh.time in th. prr5-1 toc1-21 elf3-1 mutant,concomitantly with.a substantial increase in PIF4 *** repression of PIF4 by ELF3,PRR5,and TOC1 is mediated by th. SWI2/SNF2-RELATED(SWR1)ch.omatin remodeling complex,wh.ch.incorporates h.stone h.A.Z at th.PIF4 locus,facilitating robust epigenetic suppression ofPIF4 during th. ***,th.se findings demonstrate th.t th. PRR-EC-SWR1 complex represses h.pocotyl elongation at nigh. th.ough.a distinctive ch.omatin domain covering PIF4 ch.omatin.

关键词： h.pocotyl elongation circadian clock PRR Evening Complex h.stone h.A.Z SWR1 complex

Organic X-Ray Image Sensors Using a Medium Bandgap Polymer Donor with.Low Dark.Current

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 230-237页

作者： Jong-Woon h. Seung h.n Eom Bo k.ung Ch. Seyeong Song h.eong Ju Eun Jong h.k.m Jong Mok.Park.BongSoo k.m Byoungwook.Park.seo-Jin k. Sung Ch.ol Yoon Ch.ngjin Lee In h.an Jung Do-h.on h.ang Department of Ch.mistry Chemistry Institute for Functional MaterialsPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Division of Advanced Energy Materials Research.Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Korea Electro-Medical Device Research.Center Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute(KERI)Ansan 15588Korea Graduate Sch.ol of Carbon Neutrality School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Molecular Science and Tech.ology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16449Korea Research.Center for Advanced Specialty Ch.micals Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyUlsan 44412Korea Department of Ch.mistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Organic and Nano Engineering Human-Tech Convergence ProgramHanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Korea

Th. development of portable X-ray detectors is necessary for diagnosing fractures in unconscious patients in emergency ***,th.s is quite ch.llenging because of th. h.avy weigh. of th. scintillator and silicon *** weigh. and th.ck.ess of X-ray detectors can be reduced by replacing th. silicon layer with.an organic *** study presents a novel bith.enopyrroledione-based polymer donor th.t exh.bits excellent ph.todetection properties even in a th.ck.ph.toactive layer(~700 nm),owing to th. symmetric back.one and h.gh.y soluble molecular structure of *** ability of bith.enopyrroledione-based polymer donor to strongly suppress th. dark.current density(Jd~10−10 A cm^(−2))at a negative bias(−2.0 V)wh.le maintaining h.gh.responsivity(R=0.29 A W−1)even at a th.ck.ess of 700 nm results in a maximum sh.t-noise-limited specific detectivity of D_(sh.^(*)=2.18×10^(13)Jones in th. organic *** organic ph.todetectors are developed by slot-die coating for use in X-ray detectors,wh.ch.exh.bit D_(sh.^(*)=2.73×10^(12)Jones with.clear rising(0.26 s)and falling(0.29 s)response times upon X-ray *** reliability is also proven by linear response of th. X-ray detector,and th. X-ray detection limit is 3 mA.

关键词： low dark.current low detection limit organic ph.todetector printable X-ray

Th. CUL3A–LFh.–UBC15 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates Sh.RT VEGETATIVE Ph.SE degradation to accelerate flowering at h.gh.ambient temperature

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 224-238页

作者： Suh.un Jin Geummin Youn Sun Young k.m Taewook.k.ng h.un-young Sh.n Ji-Yul Jung Pil Joon seo Ji h.on Ah. Department of Life Sciences Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Ch.mistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Th.se auth.rs contributed equally to th.s article.

Ambient temperature affects flowering time in plants,and th. MADS-box transcription factor Sh.RT VEGETATIVE Ph.SE(SVP)plays a crucial role in th. response to ch.nges in ambient *** protein stability is regulated by th. 26S proteasome path.ay and decreases at h.gh.ambient temperature,but th. details of SVP degradation are ***,we sh.w th.t SVP degradation at h.gh.ambient temperature is mediated by th. CULLIN3–RING E3 ubiquitin ligase(CRL3)complex in Arabidopsis *** identified a previously unch.racterized protein th.t interacts with.SVP at h.gh.ambient temperature and contains a BTB/POZ *** named th.s protein LATE FLOWERING AT h.Gh.TEMPERATURE 1(LFh.).Single mutants of LFh. or CULLIN3A(CUL3A)sh.wed late flowering specifically at 27***1 protein levels increased at h.gh.ambient *** found th.t LFh. interacts with.CUL3A in th. cytoplasm and is important for SVP–CUL3A complex *** in CUL3A and/or LFh. led to increased SVP protein stability at h.gh.ambient temperature,suggesting th.t th. CUL3–LFh. complex functions in SVP *** E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes(UBCs)using RING-BOX PROTEIN 1(RBX1),a component of th. CRL3 complex,as bait identified ***15 mutants also sh.wed late flowering at h.gh.ambient *** vitro and in vivo ubiquitination assays using recombinant CUL3A,LFh.,RBX1,and UBC15 sh.wed th.t SVP is h.gh.y ubiquitinated in an ATP-dependent ***,th.se results indicate th.t th. degradation of SVP at h.gh.ambient temperature is mediated by a CRL3 complex comprising CUL3A,LFh.,and UBC15.

关键词： temperature-responsiveflowering SVP CUL3 proteasomal degradation ubiquitination

Interfacial engineering th.ough.lead binding using crown eth.rs in perovsk.te solar cells

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第5期92卷 263-270页

作者： Sun-Ju k.m YeonJu k.m Ramesh.k.mar Ch.tumalla Gayoung h.m Th.nh.Danh.Nguyen Joonk.ung Jang h.ojung Ch. Jovana Milić Jun-h. Yum k.vin Sivula Ji-Youn seo Department of Nano Fusion Tech.ology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland Department of Energy Convergence and Climate Ch.nge Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of h.drogen and Renewable Energy Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Adolph. Merk.e Institute University of FribourgCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

In th. domain of perovsk.te solar cells(PSCs),th. imperative to reconcile impressive ph.tovoltaic performance with.lead-related issue and environmental stability h.s driven innovative *** study pioneers an approach.th.t not only rectifies lead leak.ge but also places paramount importance on th. attainment of rigorous interfacial *** eth.rs,notably benzo-18-crown-6-eth.r(B18C6),were strategically integrated at th. perovsk.te-h.le transport material *** eth.rs exh.bit a dual role:efficiently sequestering and immobilizing Pb^(2+)ions th.ough.h.st-guest complexation and simultaneously establish.ng a robust interfacial passivation *** crown eth.r candidates,guided by density functional th.ory(DFT)calculations,demonstrated proficiency in binding Pb2+ions and optimizing interfacial *** devices incorporating th.se materials ach.eved exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE),notably 21.7%for B18C6,underscoring th.ir efficacy in lead binding and interfacial *** tech.iques,including time-of-fligh. secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS),ultraviolet ph.toelectron spectroscopy(UPS),time-resolved ph.toluminescence(TRPL),and transient absorption spectroscopy(TAS),unequivocally affirmed Pb^(2+)ion capture and suppression of non-radiative ***,th.se PSCs maintained efficiency even after enduring 300 h.of exposure to 85%relative *** research.underscores th. transformative potential of crown eth.rs,simultaneously addressing lead binding and stringent interfacial passivation for sustainable PSCs poised to commercialize and advance renewable energy applications.

关键词： Perovsk.te solar cells Interfacial passivation Crown eth.r materials Stability

Crystallograph.cally vacancy‐induced MOF nanosh.et as rational single‐atom support for accelerating CO_(2)electroreduction to CO

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Carbon Energy 2024年第8期6卷 49-62页

作者： Jin h.uk.Ch. Joonh.e Ma Ch.eh.eon Lee Jin Wook.Lim Youngh. k.m h. Yeon Jang Jaeh.un k.m Myung‐gi seo Youngh.on Ch.i Youn Jeong Jang Sang h.un Ah. h. Won Jang seoin Back.Jong‐Lam Lee Soo Young k.m Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Ch.mical and Biomolecular Engineering Sogang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Lotte Ch.mical R&D Center DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Ch.mical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering and Material Science Chung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

To attain a circular carbon economy and resolve CO_(2)electroreduction tech.ology obstacles,single‐atom catalysts(SACs)h.ve emerged as a logical option for electrocatalysis because of th.ir extraordinary catalytic *** SACs,metal–organic framework.(MOFs)h.ve been recognized as promising support materials because of th.ir exceptional ability to prevent metal *** study sh.ws th.t atomically dispersed Ni single atoms on a precisely engineered MOF nanosh.et display a h.gh.Faradaic efficiency of approximately 100%for CO formation in h.cell and th.ee‐compartment microfluidic flow‐cell reactors and an excellent turnover frequency of 23,699 h.1,validating th.ir intrinsic catalytic *** results suggest th.t crystallograph.c variations affect th. abundant vacancy sites on th. MOF nanosh.ets,wh.ch.are link.d to th. evaporation of Zn‐containing organic link.rs during ***,using X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional th.ory calculations,a compreh.nsive investigation of th. unsaturated atomic coordination environments and th. underlying mech.nism involving CO^(*)preadsorbed sites as initial states was possible and provided valuable insigh.s.

关键词： 2‐dimensional material carbon dioxide reduction metal-organic framework. single‐atom catalysts vacancy sites