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Perch.nce to dream? Primordial motor activity patterns in vertebrates from fish.to mammals: th.ir prenatal origin, postnatal persistence during sleep, and path.logical reemergence during rem.sleep beh.vior disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第6期31卷 649-662页

作者： Mich.el A.Corner Carlos h.Sch.nck Neth.rlands Institute for Brain Research Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center Departments of Psych.atry Hennepin County Medical Center and University of Minnesota

An overview is presented of th. literature dealing with.sleep-like motility and concomitant neuronal activity patterns th.ough.ut th. life cycle in vertebrates, ectoth.rmic as well as endoth.rmic. Spontaneous, periodically modulated, neurogenic bursts of non-purposive movements are a universal feature of larval and prenatal beh.vior, wh.ch.in endoth.rmic animals （i.e. birds and mammals） continue to occur periodically th.ough.ut life. Since th. entire body musculature is involved in ever-sh.fting combinations, it is proposed th.t th.se spontaneously active periods be designated as ＇rapid-BODY-movement＇（RBM） sleep. Th. term ＇rapid-EYE- movement （rem. sleep＇, ch.racterized by attenuated muscle contractions and reduced tonus, can th.n be reserved for sleep at later stages of development. Mature stages of development in wh.ch.sustained muscle atonia is combined with.＇paradoxical arousal＇ of cortical neuronal firing patterns indisputably represent th. evolutionarily most recent aspect of rem.sleep, but more research.with.ectoth.rmic vertebrates, such.as fish. amph.bians and reptiles, is needed before it can be concluded （as many prem.turely h.ve） th.t RBM is absent in th.se species. Evidence suggests a link between RBM sleep in early development and th. clinical condition known as ＇rem.sleep beh.vior disorder （RBD）＇, wh.ch.is ch.racterized by th. resurgence of periodic bouts of quasi-fetal motility th.t closely resemble RBM sleep. Early developmental neuromotor risk factors for RBD in h.mans also point to a relationsh.p between RBM sleep and RBD.

关键词： sleep development evolution spike-train analysis spontaneous motility neuronal networks neuroplasticity rem.sleep beh.vior disorder

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新生儿和小婴儿腹腔镜手术的并发症

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 56-57页

作者： Iwanaka T. Uch.da h. Kawash.ma h. 李丹 Department of Pedi atric Surgery Saitama Children's Medical Center Iwatsuki Saitama JapanDr.

Purpose Th. difficulty of performing laparoscopic surgery in small infants rem.ains a common complaint of pediatric surgeons. Th. aim of th.s study was to eval uate th. complications of laparoscopic surgery in small infants weigh.ng less th.an 5 kg. Meth.ds Since 1997, 154 infants weigh.ng less th.n 5 kg underwent lapar oscopic surgery (group S). During th.t same period, 96 infants weigh.ng less th. n 10 kg (group M)-and 335 ch.ldren weigh.ng more th.n 10 kg (group L) also unde rwent laparoscopic surgery. Intra-and postoperative complications were evaluate d and compared between th. 3 groups, especially in th. 60 cases th.t underwent N issen fundoplication. P h.as gastrointestinal perforation and wound infection were obse rved in 15 (9.7%), 15 (15.6%), and 32 (9.6%) infants of groups S, M, and L , respectively. Th.re were no significant differences in complication rates amon g th. 3 groups. h.wever, in Nissen fundoplication, 5 of 15 patients in group S h.ad complications, th.reby sig nificantly increasing th. complication rate as compared with.group L (1 of 23, P = .04). Major complications in group S were gastrointestinal perforation and vagal nerve injury. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery is feasible even in small infants. h.wever, in Nissen fundoplication, special attention is necessary to av oid severe intraoperative complications.

关键词：腹腔镜手术小儿外科胃底折叠术胃肠穿孔迷走神经损伤无显著性差异有显著性差异伤口感染

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Assessment of Sleep Pattern in Egyptian Elderly with.Vascular Dementia

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2019年第2期10卷 82-100页

作者： A. Alloush.h. Sweed A. Abdelnaser R. El Akkad M. A. Tork M. Mortada M. h.mdy Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Department of Neurology and Psych.atry Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

Study Objectives: Growing evidence suggests th.t sleep disturbances is common in vascular dementia (VaD). Th. goal of th. current study is to assess th. disturbance in sleep pattern in patients with.VaD, and compare it to h.alth. normally cognitive elderly individuals. We next studied wh.th.r th.re are meaningful differences in th. Subjective sleep assessment: Epworth.Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh.Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and sleep measurem.nts by polysomnograph. (PSG) in VaD patients. Study design: Case control study. Subject and meth.ds: Overnigh. PSG recordings and self-reported sleep measures were obtained from 20 h.alth. elderly subjects and 20 VaD patients at th. sleep laboratory. Results: Th.s study sh.wed abnormal subjective sleep quality in all patients and revealed th.t th. most common sleep complaints among VaD patients were: excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), sleep disordered breath.ng (SDB), insomnia, restless leg syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements (PLMS) and rem.beh.vioral disordered (RBD) respectively. Moreover, patients spent more time in stage I sleep, but less time in slow wave sleep (SWS) and rem.sleep compared to control populations, with.delayed rem. and less 1st rem.. Also, increased sleep fragmentation;wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) & sleep fragmentation index (SFI), increased arousal index (AI) & PLMS index were detected in VaD patients. Finally, VaD patients h.d significant h.gh.Apnea, h.popnea and Respiratory Distress Index (RDI) score with.h.gh.average SpO2 Desaturation. Conclusions: Sleep is significantly impaired in patients with.VaD at both.th. objective and subjective level, wh.ch.may be used as a diagnostic marker of VaD. SDB is a common feature of VaD and leads to fragmented sleep, increased nocturnal confusion, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Subjective sleep assessment questionnaire (ESS and PSQI) can be used in VaD patients wh.n objective sleep assessment by PSG recordings is difficult to be done. Th. PSG stud

关键词： rem and Nrem Sleep Disturbances Vascular Dementia Alzh.imer Dementia Vascular Cognitive Impairment Subjective Sleep Assessment Polysomnograph. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Redeveloping Brownfields Landscape ***

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丛书名： McGraw-h.ll professional arch.tecture

2000年

作者： Th.mas h.Russ

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散发型克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病患者的睡眠-觉醒紊乱

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 27-28页

作者： Landolt h.-P Glatzel M. Blttler T. C.L. Bassetti 张嘉靖 Neurologisch. Universittsklinik Universittsspitalzürich Frauenklinikstrasse 26 8091 Zürich Switzerland Dr.

Background: Th. prevalence and ch.racteristics of sleep-wake disturbances in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) are poorly understood. Meth.ds: Seven consecutive patients with.definite sCJD underwent a systematic assessment of sleep-wake disturbances, including clinical h.story, videopolysomnograph., and actigraph.. Extent and distribution of neurodegeneration was estimated by brain autopsy in six patients. Western blot analyses enabling classification and quantification of th. protease-resistant isoform of th. prion protein, PrPSc, in th.lamus and occipital cortex was available in four patients. Results: Sleep-wake symptoms were observed in all patients, and were prominent in four of th.m. All patients h.d severe sleep EEG abnormalities with.loss of sleep spindles, very low sleep efficiency, and virtual absence of rem.sleep. Th. correlation between different meth.ds to assess sleep-wake functions (h.story, polysomnograph., actigraph., videograph.) was generally poor. Brain autopsy revealed prominent ch.nges in cortical areas, but only mild ch.nges in th. th.lamus. No mutation of th. PRNP gene was found. Conclusions: Th.s study demonstrates in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, first, th. existence of sleep-wake disturbances similar to th.se reported in fatal familial insomnia in th. absence of prominent and isolated th.lamic neuronal loss, and second, th. need of a multimodal approach.for th. unambiguous assessment of sleep-wake functions in th.se patients.

关键词：睡眠-觉醒散发型紊乱病患罗伊多导睡眠图朊蛋白基因神经退行性变

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下调NDRG1表达对胰腺癌细胞增殖、转移及侵袭的影响

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现代肿瘤医学 2015年第15期23卷 2087-2091页

作者：张小薄高峰谭晓冬周磊王怀涛任宇鹏中国医科大学附属盛京医院外科辽宁沈阳110004 辽宁省肿瘤医院大肠外科辽宁沈阳11004

目的:检测NDRG1在胰腺癌细胞中表达,观察NDRG1表达下调后胰腺癌细胞株增殖、转移及侵袭等恶性行为变化,探讨其可能通过调控MMP-7表达参与胰腺癌转移及侵袭行为的机制。方法:Western blot及qRT-PCR法检测NDRG1及MMP-7在PANC-1、BXPC-3、C... 详细信息

目的:检测NDRG1在胰腺癌细胞中表达,观察NDRG1表达下调后胰腺癌细胞株增殖、转移及侵袭等恶性行为变化,探讨其可能通过调控MMP-7表达参与胰腺癌转移及侵袭行为的机制。方法:Western blot及qRT-PCR法检测NDRG1及MMP-7在PANC-1、BXPC-3、CAPAN-2、SW1990胰腺癌细胞中蛋白水平及mRNA水平表达;构建靶向NDRG1的干扰质粒si NDRG1,转染BXPC-3细胞,Western blot及qRT-PCR法检测转染效率及MMP-7表达水平,MTT检测转染后BXPC-3细胞增殖率变化,Transwell法检测其迁移及侵袭能力改变。结果:Western blot及qRT-PCR显示NDRG1及MMP-7在PANC-1、BXPC-3、CAPAN-2、SW1990胰腺癌细胞中蛋白水平及mRNA水平均有表达,在分化程度最低的PANC-1细胞中表达量最高。si NDRG1在BXPC-3细胞中转染效率约为60%-65%,转染效率佳。Western blot结果显示,MMP-7蛋白在si NDRG1细胞的表达量明显下调(Ph.96h.120h.BXPC-3细胞增殖能力减弱(P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.05)。Transwell显示,si NDRG1转染细胞迁移能力降低(P<0.05),侵袭能力降低(P<0.05)。结论:NDRG1及MMP-7在胰腺癌细胞中有表达,可能参与胰腺癌细胞分化行为,si NDRG1下调NDRG1表达后,胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭能力受到抑制。NDRG1可能通过上调MMP-7表达促进胰腺癌增殖、迁移及侵袭等恶性行为,可作为胰腺癌治疗新的靶向候选基因。

关键词：胰腺癌增殖 NDRG1 MMP-7

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粒子结构对EVA改性PVC的加工影响

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聚氯乙烯 1982年第3期 99-101页

作者： W.Frey h.h.fner P.Kunkel K.h.Mich. 吴小英上海天原化工厂

使用光栅电子显微镜(rem.及电子显微镜(EM)研究含有6%EVA的氯乙烯接枝共聚物的性质,对非疏松型A级共聚物和疏松型B级共聚物的结构进行了比较。显示了不同的结构对混和及塑化性能的影响,并说明A、B级共聚物的加工条件范围(以温度“T”和... 详细信息

使用光栅电子显微镜(rem.及电子显微镜(EM)研究含有6%EVA的氯乙烯接枝共聚物的性质,对非疏松型A级共聚物和疏松型B级共聚物的结构进行了比较。显示了不同的结构对混和及塑化性能的影响,并说明A、B级共聚物的加工条件范围(以温度“T”和时间“t”表征)以及它们对模塑板的冲击强度和窗框型材的影响。

关键词： PVC 接枝共聚物塑化性能氯乙烯乙烯基氯氯代烃冲击强度冲击韧性 EVA

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拇短展肌肌力定量检测的正常值及其可信度研究

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中华手外科杂志 2004年第1期20卷 44-46页

作者：刘璠 Lois Carlson h.Kirk Watson 南通医学院附属医院骨科江苏226001 Connecticut Combined h.nd Survice:h.rtford h.spital University of Connecticut.Hartford CTYale UniversityNew HavenCT

目的　探讨拇短展肌肌力定量检测所得的正常值并分析其可信度。方法　用微电脑控制便携式肌力测量仪对 2 0～ 59岁的 2 97位正常人进行拇短展肌肌力正常值的测定。另 1组 12位正常人被用于组内及组间可信度测定。结果　各组正常值相当恒... 详细信息

目的　探讨拇短展肌肌力定量检测所得的正常值并分析其可信度。方法　用微电脑控制便携式肌力测量仪对 2 0～ 59岁的 2 97位正常人进行拇短展肌肌力正常值的测定。另 1组 12位正常人被用于组内及组间可信度测定。结果　各组正常值相当恒定 ,男性均大于女性。年龄、性别、优势与非优势手之间无显著差异。组内及组间可信度系数分别为 0 .92、0 .89。结论　该研究可为临床检测拇短展肌肌力提供客观、量化的正常值标准。

关键词：拇短展肌肌力定量检测正常值可信度年龄性别

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乳腺癌真空辅助旋切术后保乳手术的可行性

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中国临床医学 2016年第6期23卷 710-714页

作者：陈宏亮王懋莉张征丁昂复旦大学附属妇产科医院乳腺外科上海200011

目的:探讨超声引导下真空辅助活检(vacuum-assisted biopsy,VAB)切除乳腺癌肿块后保乳手术的可行性与安全性。方法:选择2008年1月至2014年12月VAB肿块切除术后行保乳手术治疗的45例浸润性导管癌(invasive ductal carcinoma,IDC)患者(VAB... 详细信息

目的:探讨超声引导下真空辅助活检(vacuum-assisted biopsy,VAB)切除乳腺癌肿块后保乳手术的可行性与安全性。方法:选择2008年1月至2014年12月VAB肿块切除术后行保乳手术治疗的45例浸润性导管癌(invasive ductal carcinoma,IDC)患者(VAB组)。选取同一时期单发、直径小于2cm、肿块切除活检后行保乳手术的147例IDC患者为对照组。分析并比较两组患者的临床病理特征与预后。结果:VAB组肿块均单发、直径<2cm且不可触及,影像学检查误诊为良性。所有VAB手术只行1次穿刺,穿刺点距离肿块的平均距离为(2.52±0.89)cm。中位切割8次,影像学检查示完全切除,平均手术时间(25.4±7.6)min,术中未发生活动性出血。保乳手术距VAB术平均(4.50±0.92)d;局部扩大切除病灶的各个切缘均阴性;无患者发生肿瘤细胞针道或皮肤穿刺点种植;3例残腔残留少量导管原位癌病灶,但无浸润性癌灶。VAB组与对照组平均年龄、年龄构成、肿块直径、肿瘤组织学分级、脉管侵犯、淋巴结分期、前哨淋巴结阳性率、肿瘤分子分型及辅助治疗、腋窝手术差异均无统计学意义。两组间5年无病生存期(disease-free survival,DFS)和5年总生存期(overall survival,OS)差异均无统计学意义。结论:VAB切除不可触及的较小乳腺癌肿块后续行保乳手术安全可行,值得进一步大样本研究。

关键词：真空辅助活检乳腺癌保乳手术超声引导

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早期复发-缓解型多发性硬化症患者的代谢改变:一项为期两年的随访研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 31-32页

作者： Tiberio M. Ch.rd D.T. Altmann D.R. D.h. Miller 周永 NMR Research.Group Institute of Neurology Queen Square London WC1N 3BG United Kingdom Prof.

Previous in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ( 1h.MRSI) studies h.ve found reduced levels of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, th. surrounding normal-appearing wh.te matter (NAWM) and cortical grey matter (CGM), suggesting neuronal and axonal dysfunction and loss. Oth.r metabolites, such.as myoinositol (Ins), creatine (Cr), ch.line (Ch.), and glutamate plus glutamine (Glx), can also be quantified by 1h.MRSI, and studies h.ve indicated th.t concentrations of th.se metabolites may also be altered in MS. Relatively little is known about th. time course of such.metabolite ch.nges. Th.s preliminary study aimed to ch.racterise ch.nges in total NAA (tNAA, th. sum of NAA and N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate), Cr, Ch., Ins and Glx concentrations in NAWM and in CGM, and th.ir relationsh.p with.clinical outcome, in subjects with.clinically early relapsing-rem.tting MS (RRMS). Twenty RRMS subjects and 10 h.alth. control subjects underwent 1h.MRSI examinations yearly for two years. Using th. LCModel, tNAA, Cr, Ch., Ins and Glx concentrations were estimated both.in NAWM and CGM. At baseline, th. concentration of tNAA was significantly reduced in th. NAWM of th. MS patients compared to th. control group (-7 %, p = 0.003), as well as in th. CGM (-8.7 %, p = 0.009). NAWM tNAA concentrations tended to recover from baseline, but oth.rwise tissue metabolite profiles did not significantly ch.nge in th. MS subjects, or relatively between MS and h.alth. control subjects. Wh.le neuronal and axonal damage is apparent from th. early clinical stages of MS, th.s study suggests th.t initially it may be partly reversible. Compared with.oth.r MR imaging measures, serial 1h.MRSI maybe relatively less sen sitive to progressive path.logical tissue ch.nges in early RRMS.

关键词：缓解型多发性硬化症早期复发患者随访研究代谢改变质子磁共振波谱成像代谢产物谷氨酸盐

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