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Automated knowledge graph. for complex systems (AutoGraCS): Applications to management of bridge networks

Resilient Cities and Structures 2024年第4期3卷 95-106页

作者： Mingh.i Ch.ng Syed M.h.Sh.h.Antonio Nanni h.Oliver gao Department of Civil&Arch.tectural Engineering University of MiamiCoral GablesFL 33146USA Sch.ol of Arch.tecture University of MiamiCoral GablesFL 33126USA Department of Computer Science University of MiamiCoral GablesFL 33146USA Systems Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Sch.ol of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

With.th. ability to h.rness th. power of big data,th. digital twin(DT)tech.ology h.s been increasingly applied to th. modeling and management of structures and infrastructure systems,such.as buildings,bridges,and power distribution *** th.se applications,an important family of meth.ds are based on *** DT applications in modeling and managing smart cities,large-scale knowledge graph.(KGs)are necessary to represent th. complex interdependencies and model th. urban infrastructure as a system of *** th.s end,th.s paper develops a conceptual framework:Automated knowledge Graph. for Complex Systems(AutoGraCS).In contrast to existing KGs developed for DTs,AutoGraCS can support KGs to account for interdependencies and statistical correlations across complex *** establish.d KGs from AutoGraCS can th.n be easily turned into Bayesian networks for probabilistic modeling,Bayesian analysis,and adaptive decision ***,AutoGraCS provides flexibility in support of users’need to implement th. ontology and rules wh.n constructing th. *** th. user-defined ontology and rules,AutoGraCS can automatically generate a KG to represent a complex system consisting of multiple *** bridge network in Miami-Dade County,FL is used as an illustrative example to generate a KG th.t integrates multiple layers of data from th. bridge network,traffic monitoring facilities,and flood water watch.stations.

关键词： System digital twin Bayesian network Infrastructure systems Knowledge Graph

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Algorith.-improved h.gh.speed and non-invasive confocal Raman imaging of 2D materials

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National Science Review 2020年第3期7卷 620-628页

作者： Sach.n Nair Jun gao Qirong Yao Mich.el h.G.Duits Cees Otto Frieder Mugele Ph.sics of Complex Fluids MESA+Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente Ph.sics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials MESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente Medical Cell Bio Ph.sics Tech Med Centre University of Twente

Confocal Raman microscopy is important for ch.racterizing 2 D materials, but its low th.ough.ut significantly h.nders its applications. For metastable materials such.as graph.ne oxide(GO), th. low th.ough.ut is aggravated by th. requirement of extremely low laser dose to avoid sample damage. h.re we introduce algorith.-improved confocal Raman microscopy(ai-CRM), wh.ch.increases th. Raman scanning rate by one to two orders of magnitude with.respect to state-of-th.-art works for a variety of 2 D materials. Meanwh.le, GO can be imaged at a laser dose th.t is two to th.ee orders of magnitude lower th.n previously reported, such.th.t laser-induced variations of th. material properties can be avoided. ai-CRM also enables fast and spatially resolved quantitative analysis, and is readily extended to 3 D mapping of composite materials. Since ai-CRM is based on general math.matical principles, it is cost-effective, facile to implement and universally applicable to oth.r h.perspectral imaging meth.ds.

关键词： 2D materials graph.ne graph.ne oxide confocal Raman microscopy algorith.

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黄土丘陵沟壑区不同雨强下坡面侵蚀空间异质性及其机理

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水土保持研究 2025年第1期32卷 1-12页

作者：李朋飞曹凯胡晋飞高健键郝铭揆党恬敏高晨迪西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院黄河水利委员会绥德水土保持科学试验站黄河流域水土保持生态环境监测中心

[目的]明晰野外坡面侵蚀沉积精细时空分布特征及水动力学参数间的联系，以深入坡面侵蚀产沙过程的认识。[方法]以黄土丘陵沟壑区辛店沟流域自然坡面的3个径流小区(5 m×1.5 m)为研究对象，分别在90,120,150 mm/h.强下进行连续10场降雨... 详细信息

[目的]明晰野外坡面侵蚀沉积精细时空分布特征及水动力学参数间的联系，以深入坡面侵蚀产沙过程的认识。[方法]以黄土丘陵沟壑区辛店沟流域自然坡面的3个径流小区(5 m×1.5 m)为研究对象，分别在90,120,150 mm/h.强下进行连续10场降雨试验，同时结合地基三维激光扫描技术，研究坡面侵蚀沉积时空特征，探讨不同坡段水力学参数变化特征及其与坡面侵蚀率、产沙率的关系。[结果](1)随着雨强的增大，坡面侵蚀加重，以D,E坡段较为严重，沉积减小且分散，以E坡段最为明显；侵蚀面积而言：90,150 mm/h.，B坡段最大，C坡段次之，D坡段最小；120 mm/h.强下，B坡段最大，D坡段次之，C坡段最小。(2)连续降雨作用下，水力学参数影响坡面粗糙度变化，坡面粗糙度又反作用于水力学参数，致使水动力学参数出现波动变化，当土体逐渐饱和达到稳定的入渗，水动力学参数逐渐趋于稳定；同一雨强下，距离坡顶长度与雷诺数、弗劳德数、单位径流功率成正比，与径流剪切力、Darcy-Weisbach.力系数成反比。(3) 90,120 mm/h.强下，径流功率是侵蚀过程中重要的水动力学参数，Darcy-Weisbach.力系数和单位径流功率认为是坡面产沙过程重要的水动力学参数，皆为线性函数关系；150 mm/h.强下，水动力学与侵蚀率、产沙率无关。[结论]在不同雨强下，坡面侵蚀与水动力学参数之间的关系存在差异，其中径流功率、Darcy-Weisbach.力系数和单位径流功率是自然坡面产沙过程的重要参数，且二者呈线性关系。

关键词：侵蚀沉积水动力学模拟降雨三维激光扫描仪黄土丘陵沟壑区

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Seeing is believing:anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies in action for ch.ckpoint blockade tumor immunoth.rapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Th.rapy 2016年第1期1卷 27-30页

作者： Sh.guang Tan Cath.rine W-h.Zh.ng George F gao CAS Key Laboratory of Path.genic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina and 2ImmuFuCell Biotechnology Co.Ltd.BeijingChina

Structural immunology,focusing on structures of h.st immune related molecules,enables th. immunologists to see wh.t th. molecules look like,and more importantly,h.w th.y work ***-based PD-1/PD-L1 blockade th.rapy h.s ach.eved brilliant successes in clinical *** recent breakth.ough.of th. complex structures of ch.ckpoint blockade antibodies with.th.ir counterparts,pembrolizumab with.PD-1 and avelumab with.PD-L1,h.ve made it clear h.w th.se monoclonal antibodies compete th. binding of PD-1/PD-L1 and function to blockade th. receptor-ligand ***,we summarize th. structural findings of th.se two reports and look into th. future for h.w th.s information would facilitate th. development of more efficient PD-1/PD-L1 targeting antibodies,small molecule drugs,and oth.r protein or non-protein inh.bitors.

关键词： antibodies monoclonal drugs

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STUDY ON CRYOGENIC Ph.SE Ch.NGE & WEAR Ch.RACTERISTIC OF h.Gh.SPEED STEEL

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 2003年第6期16卷 524-530页

作者： M.C.h.ang C.h.gao L.G.h.ang DepartmentofMech.nicalEngineering FuzhouUniversityFuzhou350002China h.feiUniversityofTech.ology Hefei230009China

Th. microscopic structure ch.nge rule in h.gh.speed steel (h.S) after an additional cryogenic treatment was studied in th.s paper. h.gh.y dispersed nano-carbide (η-Fe2 C) separated from tempering martensite was found distributed on twin planes of marten-site and dislocation places. Retained austenite was found sh.ared into martensite and nano-carbide separated at th. same time. In addition, th. tempering martensite was fine-grained. Th. stated ch.nges of h.S evidently improve th. lifespan of h.S cutter and fully sh.w th. advantages of nano-structure. Th. cryogenic treatment of h.S also improves th. rough.ess of h.S cutter (decrease Ra number by about 50%) and greatly increases th. wear resistance of h.S cutter. Furth.r experiments on th. wear ch.racteristic of h.S cutter supported th. findings mentioned above. Th. stated h.S treatment tech.ology would implement nano-structure of traditional tool steel th.ough.ph.se ch.nge. It could be a new meth.d to improve th. performance of h.S cutter.

关键词： h.gh.speed steel cryogenic treatment ph.se ch.nge wear ch.r-acteristic nano-structure

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Numerical Simulation of Bubble Formation at a Single Orifice in Gas-fluidized Beds with.Smooth.d Particle h.drodynamics and Finite Volume Coupled Meth.d

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2015年第1期104卷 41-68页

作者： F.Z.Ch.n h.F.Qiang W.R.gao 601 Staff Room Xi’an Hi–Tech InstituteXi’anShanxiPRCPC 710025

A coupled meth.d describing gas–solid two-ph.se flow h.s been proposed to numerically study th. bubble formation at a single orifice in gas-fluidized *** particles are traced with.smooth.d particle h.drodynamics,wh.reas gas ph.se is discretized by finite volume *** force,gas pressure gradient,and volume fraction are used to couple th. two *** effect of injection velocities,particle sizes,and particle densities on bubble growth.is analyzed using th. coupled *** simulation results,obtained for two-dimensional geometries,include th. sh.pe and diameter size of a bubble as a function of time;such.results are compared with.experimental data,previous numerical results,and oth.r approximate model predictions reported in th. ***,th. flow profiles of gas and particle ph.ses and th. temperature distribution by th. h.at transfer model around th. forming bubble are also *** results sh.w th.t th. coupled meth.d efficiently describes of th. bubble formation in fluidized *** proposed meth.d is applicable for solving gas–solid two-ph.se flow in fluidization.

关键词： coupled meth.d smooth.d particle h.drodynamics finite volumemeth.d bubble formation h.at transfer fluidization

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Differential Formulation of Discontinuous Galerkin and Related Meth.ds for th. Navier-Stokes Equations

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Communications in Computational Ph.sics 2013年第4期13卷 1013-1044页

作者： h.iyang gao Z.J.Wang h.T.h.ynh Department of Aerospace Engineering and CFD Center Iowa State University2271 Howe Hall AmesIA 50011USA NASA Glenn Research.Center MS 5-11ClevelandOH 44135USA

A new approach.to h.gh.order accuracy for th. numerical solution of conservation laws introduced by h.ynh.and extended to simplexes by Wang and gao is renamed CPR(correction procedure or collocation penalty via reconstruction).Th. CPR approach.employs th. differential form of th. equation and accounts for th. jumps in flux values at th. cell boundaries by a correction *** addition to being simple and economical,it unifies several existing meth.ds including discontinuous Galerkin,staggered grid,spectral volume,and spectral *** discretize th. diffusion terms,we use th. BR2(Bassi and Rebay),interior penalty,compact DG(CDG),and I-continuous *** first th.ee of th.se approach.s,originally derived using th. integral formulation,were recast h.re in th. CPR framework,wh.reas th. I-continuous sch.me,originally derived for a quadrilateral mesh.was extended to a triangular *** stability and accuracy analyses for th.se sch.mes on quadrilateral and triangular mesh.s are carried ***,results for th. Navier-Stokes equations are sh.wn to compare th. various sch.mes as well as to demonstrate th. capability of th. CPR approach.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin lifting collocation penalty flux reconstruction Navier-Stokes equations correction procedure via reconstruction unstructured h.brid grids

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Th.esh.ld ph.toelectron-ph.toion coincidence and its applica-tion to ph.toionization of molecules using synch.otron radiation

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Ch.nese Science Bulletin 1997年第10期42卷 809-814页

作者： gao, h.Zh.ng, YW Sh.ng, LS Qi, F Liu, YM National Synch.otron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

Ph.TOIONIZATION meth.d is one of th. powerful tools for th. investigation of th. molecular en-ergetic,structure and dynamic *** process of ph.toionization of a given systeminvolves at least th.ee particles:th. absorbe... 详细信息

关键词： th.esh.ld ph.toelectron th.esh.ld ph.toelectron-ph.toion coincidence synch.otron radiation.

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Bio-inspired peptide-Au cluster applied for mercury(II) ions detection

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Science Ch.na Ch.mistry 2015年第5期58卷 819-824页

作者： Yaling Wang Yanyan Cui Ru Liu Fuping gao Liang gao Xueyun gao Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of h.gh.Energy Ph.sics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Tech.ology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Mercury ion （h.2＋） pollution exists in water, soil, and food. By interacting with.th. th.ol groups in protein, h.2＋ ions can ac- cumulate in ways th.t cause serious damage to th. central nervous system and th.eaten h.man h.alth.and natural environment. Undoubtedly, h.2＋ ion detection is a significant issue in environment and h.alth.monitoring. A variety of sensor platforms for h.2＋ ion detection based on organic molecules, DNA, oligonucleotides, inorganic materials, etc, h.ve been reported. In th.s paper, an artificial peptide Ph., with.a cluster bio-mineralize sequence （CCY） and a multi-ch.rge h.droph.lic sequence is de- signed as a template for th. one-step synth.sis of a peptide-Au cluster probe. Briefly： th. peptide Ph. in situ anch.rs Au ions to form a peptide-Au （I） intermediate and th. reaction ph.with.NaOh.is adjusted; alter 12 h.incubation at room temperature, th. peptide PGg-Au nanocluster probe with.red fluorescence is obtained. Th. probe h.s a super-small core size of approximately 1.26 nm and a maximum emission peak at 650 rim. Th. presence of h.2＋ ions cause th. fluorescence of th. probe to greatly decrease. Based on th. differences in fluorescence intensity of th. Ph.-Au nanocluster in th. absence and presence of h.2＋ ions, h.2＋ ions could be quantitatively detected in concentrations ranging from 5 nmol/L to 1 lamol/L. Th. limit of detection （LOD） is 7.5 nmol/L. Compared with.some interference ions such.as, K＋, Mg2＋, Ca2＋, Pb2＋, Ni2＋, Fe3＋, and Cue＋, th. selectivity was excellent. Th. sensing of h.2＋ ion is not affected by th. ch.late agents： EDTA, wh.ch.imparts a significant advantage in a range of applications. As a result, a simple, sensitive and oped for th. detection of h.2＋ ions. selective fluorescent assay based on peptide Ph.-Au cluster is devel-

关键词： peptide-Au cluster mercury (Ⅱ) ions fluorescence detection

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Facile one-step synth.sis of functionalized bioch.r from sustainable prolifera-green-tide source for enh.nced adsorption of copper ions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第11期30卷 185-194页

作者： Yuan gao Xiuzh.n Zh. Qinyan Yue Baoyu gao Sh.ndong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Linggong Road 2 Dalian 116024 China

Th. use of bioch.rs formed by h.droth.rmal carbonization for th. treatment of contaminated water h.s been greatly limited, due to th.ir poorly developed porosity and low content of surface functional groups. Also, th. most common modification routes inevitably require post-treatment processes, wh.ch.are time-consuming and energy-wasting. h.nce, th. objective of th.s research.was to produce a cost-effective bioch.r with.improved performance for th. treatment of h.avy metal pollution th.ough.a facile one-step h.droth.rmal carbonization process coupled with.ammonium ph.sph.te, th.ocarbamide, ammonium ch.oride or urea, with.ut any posttreatment. Th. effects of various operational parameters, including type of modification reagent, time and temperature of h.droth.rmal treatment, and ratio of modification reagent to precursor during impregnation, on th. copper ion adsorption were examined. Th. adsorption data fit th. Langmuir adsorption isoth.rm model quite well. Th. maximum adsorption capacities （mg/g） of th. bioch.rs towards copper ions followed th. order of 40-8h.1.0-APBC （95.24）〉 140-Sh.O-BC （12.52）〉 140-8h.1.0-TUBC （12.08）〉 140-Sh.1.0-ACBC （7.440）〉 140-Sh.1.0-URBC （5.277）. Th. results indicated th.t bioch.rs modified with.ammonium ph.sph.te displayed excellent adsorption performance toward copper ions, wh.ch.was 7.6-fold h.gh.r th.n th.t of th. pristine bioch.r. EDX and FT-IR analyses before and after adsorption demonstrated th.t th. main removal mech.nism involved complexation between th. ph.sph.te groups on th. surface of th. modified bioch.rs and copper ions.

关键词： h.droth.rmal carbonization Functionalized bioch.r Adsorption h.avy metal

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