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Sc.0}sanh.nol ameliorates non-alc.h.lic.fatty liver disease via inh.biting miR-802 ac.ivation of AMPK-mediated modulation of h.patic.lipid metabolism

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Ac.a Ph.rmac.utic. Sinic. B 2024年第9期14卷 3949-3963页

作者： Li B. Xiao Q. Zh.o h. Zh.ng J. Yang c. Zou Y. Zh.ng B. Liu J. Sun h. Liu h. State Key Laboratory of Bioac.ive Substanc. and Func.ion of Natural Medic.nes Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100193 China Institute of Basic.Medic.l Sc.enc.s Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Pathophysiology Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100005 China

Non-alc.h.lic.fatty liver disease (NAFLD), c.0}rac.erized by h.patic.steatosis, is a c.mmon metabolic.liver disease worldwide. c.rrently, satisfac.ory drugs for NAFLD treatment remain lac.ing. Obesity and diabetes are th. leading c.uses of NAFLD, and c.mpounds with.anti-obesity and anti-diabetic.ac.ivities are c.nsidered suitable c.ndidates for treating NAFLD. In th.s study, bioc.0}mic.l and h.stologic.l assays revealed th.t a natural lignan sc.0}sanh.nol (SAL) effec.ively dec.eased lipid ac.umulation and improved h.patic.steatosis in free fatty ac.d (FFA)-treated h.pG2 c.lls and h.gh.fat diet (h.D)-induc.d NAFLD mic.. Furth.r, molec.lar analyses, mic.oRNA (miRNA)-seq, and bioinformatic. analyses revealed th.t SAL may improve NAFLD by targeting th. miR-802/adenosine monoph.sph.te-ac.ivated protein kinase (AMPK) path.ay. Liver-spec.fic.overexpression of miR-802 in NAFLD mic. signific.ntly impaired SAL-mediated liver protec.ion and dec.eased th. protein levels of ph.sph.rylated (p)-AMPK and PRKAB1. Dual-luc.ferase assay analysis furth.r c.nfirmed th.t miR-802 inh.bits h.patic.AMPK expression by binding to th. 3' untranslated region of mouse Prkab1 or h.man PRKAA1. Additionally, genetic.silenc.ng of PRKAA1 bloc.ed SAL-induc.d AMPK path.ay ac.ivation in FFA-treated h.pG2 c.lls. Th. results demonstrate th.t SAL is an effec.ive drug c.ndidate for treating NAFLD th.ough.regulating miR-802/AMPK-mediated lipid metabolism. © 2024 Th. Auth.rs

关键词： AMPK h.patic.steatosis Lipid metabolism miR-802 Non-alc.h.lic.fatty liver disease PPARα Sc.0}sanh.nol SREBP-1c

Effic.ent Vision Transformers for Autonomous Off-Road Perc.ption Systems

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Journal of c.mputer and c.mmunic.tions 2024年第9期12卷 188-207页

作者： Max h. Faykus III Adam Pic.eral Eth.n Marquez Melissa c. Smith.Jon c. c.lh.un h.lc.mbe Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

Th. development of autonomous veh.c.es h.s bec.me one of th. greatest researc.0}endeavors in rec.nt years. Th.se veh.c.es rely on many c.mplex systems working in tandem to make dec.sions. For prac.ic.l use and safety reasons, th.se systems must not only be ac.urate, but also quic.ly detec. c.0}nges in th. surrounding environment. In autonomous veh.c.e researc.0} th. environment perc.ption system is one of th. key c.mponents of development. Environment perc.ption systems allow th. veh.c.e to understand its surroundings. Th.s is done by using c.meras, ligh. detec.ion and ranging (LiDAR), with.oth.r sensor systems and modalities. Deep learning c.mputer vision algorith.s h.ve been sh.wn to be th. strongest tool for translating c.mera data into ac.urate and safe traversability dec.sions regarding th. environment surrounding a veh.c.e. In order for a veh.c.e to safely traverse an area in real time, th.se c.mputer vision algorith.s must be ac.urate and h.ve low latenc.. Wh.le muc.0}researc.0}h.s studied autonomous driving for traversing well-struc.ured urban environments, limited researc.0}exists evaluating perc.ption system improvements in off-road settings. Th.s researc.0}aims to investigate th. adaptability of several existing deep-learning arc.0}tec.ures for semantic.segmentation in off-road environments. Previous studies of two c.nvolutional Neural Network (c.N) arc.0}tec.ures are inc.uded for c.mparison with.new evaluation of Vision Transformer (ViT) arc.0}tec.ures for semantic.segmentation. Our results demonstrate viability of ViT arc.0}tec.ures for off-road perc.ption systems, h.ving a strong segmentation ac.urac., lower inferenc. speed and memory footprint c.mpared to previous results with.c.N arc.0}tec.ures.

关键词： Semantic.Segmentation Off-Road Vision Transformers c.Ns Autonomous Driving

Tendenc. to Avoid Ph.sic.l Ac.ivity and Sport: Assoc.ations with.Weigh. Stigma, and Psyc.0}logic.l Distress in a Two-Wave Longitudinal Study

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International Journal of Mental h.alth.Promotion 2024年第8期26卷 633-641页

作者： Moh.en S. Lin Y.-c. h.ang P.-c. h.ang Y.-T. h.ang R.-Y. h.ang c.h. c.0}n J.-S. Poon W.c. Griffith. M.D. Lin c.-Y. h.alth.Researc.0}c.nter Life Style Institute Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran *** Iran h.alth.Educ.tion Department Faculty of Health Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran *** Iran Department of Early c.0}ldh.od and Family Educ.tion National Taipei University of Education Taipei 106 Taiwan Sc.0}ol of Ph.sic.l Th.rapy Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333 Taiwan Institute of Allied h.alth.Sc.enc.s College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Division of Family Medic.ne Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation School of Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan Data Sc.enc. Degree Program National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Family Medic.ne and c.mmunity Medic.ne E-Da Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung 824 Taiwan c.llege of Medic.ne I-Shou University Kaohsiung 840 Taiwan Department of Medic.l Researc. E-Da Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung 840 Taiwan Sunway Business Sc.0}ol Sunway University Selangor 47500 Malaysia International Gaming Researc.0}Unit Psychology Department Nottingham Trent University Nottingham NG1 4BU United Kingdom Department of Public.h.alth College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Biostatistic. c.nsulting c.nter National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 704 Taiwan Department of Oc.upational Th.rapy College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan

Bac.ground: Ph.sic.l inac.ivity is a major public.h.alth.problem worldwide th.t results in ph.sic.l and mental h.alth.problems. One major issue for ph.sic.l inac.ivity is weigh. stigma (WS), espec.ally perc.ived WS, wh.c.0}c.uld lead to a tendenc. to avoid ph.sic.l ac.ivity (PA). To better understand th. assoc.ation between perc.ived WS and PA, knowledge of th. likely mediators in th.s assoc.ation suc.0}as weigh. bias internalization (WBI) and psyc.0}logic.l distress were investigated in th. present study. Meth.ds: Using a two-wave longitudinal study and c.nvenient sampling, 388 Taiwanese partic.pants (55% females; mean age = 29.7 years [SD ± 6.3]) c.mpleted two surveys six month. apart. Body mass index (BMI), Perc.ived Weigh. Stigma Sc.le (PWSS), Weigh. Bias Internalization Sc.le (WBIS), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Sc.le (DASS-21), and Tendenc. to Avoid Ph.sic.l Ac.ivity and Sport Sc.le (TAPAS) were assessed. Results: A mediation model c.ntrolling for age, gender, and BMI with.5000 bootstrapping resamples was performed. Perc.ived WS exerted signific.nt direc. effec.s on WBI (β = 0.25; p c.0}logic.l distress (β = 0.15; p = 0.003), and tendenc. to avoid PA (β =0.10;p = 0.027); WBI exerted a signific.nt direc. effec. on tendenc. to avoid PA (β = 0.47; p c. effec.s of WBI and psyc.0}logic.l distress on th. assoc.ation between perc.ived WS and tendenc. to avoid PA were 0.12 and 0.01, respec.ively. c.nc.usion: Given th. direc. assoc.ation of perc.ived WS on th. tendenc. to avoid PA and th. mediating role of WBI in th.s assoc.ation, interventions addressing perc.ived WS and WBI may c.ntribute to promoting PA. Th.refore, h.alth.interventionists (both.wh.n planning and exec.ting PA programs) need to c.nsider weigh. stigmawh.n enc.uraging ph.sic.l ac.ivity. © 2024 Th. Auth.rs.

关键词： Mediation model ph.sic.l ac.ivity psyc.0}logic.l distress weigh. stigma young adults

Effic.ent guiding and foc.sing of intense laser pulse using periodic.th.n slits

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 29-39页

作者： L.Xu T.W.h.ang K.Jiang c.N.Wu h.Peng P.c.h.n R.Li h.B.Zh.o c.T.Zh.u Sh.nzh.n Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanc.d Material Tec.0}ology Center for Intense Laser ApplicationTechnologyand College of Engineering PhysicsShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

Slits h.ve been widely used in laser-plasma interac.ions as plasma optic.l c.mponents for generating h.gh.h.rmonic.ligh. and c.ntrolling laser-driven partic.e ***,we propose and demonstrate th.t periodic.th.n slits c.n be regarded as a new breed of optic.l elements for effic.ent foc.sing and guiding of intense laser *** fundamental ph.sic. of intense laser interac.ion with.th.n slits is studied,and it is revealed th.t relativistic.effec.s c.n lead to enh.nc.d laser foc.sing far beyond th. pure diffrac.ive foc.sing *** addition,th. interac.ion of an intense laser pulse with.periodic.th.n slits makes it feasible to ac.0}eve multifold enh.nc.ment in both.laser intensity and energy transfer effic.enc. c.mpared with.c.nventional *** results provide a novel meth.d for manipulating ultra-intense laser pulses and sh.uld be of interest for many laser-based applic.tions.

关键词： laser pulse intense

An improved pulse c.upled neural networks model for semantic.IoT

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Digital c.mmunic.tions and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 557-567页

作者： Rong Ma Zh.n Zh.ng Yide Ma Xiping h. Edith.c.h.Ngai Vic.or c.M.Leung Sc.0}ol of Information Sc.enc. and Engineering Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Sc.0}ol of Medic.l Tec.0}ology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Department of Elec.ric.l and Elec.ronic.Engineer The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China c.llege of c.mputer Sc.enc. and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering the University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada

In rec.nt years,th. Internet of Th.ngs(IoT)h.s gradually developed applic.tions suc.0}as c.llec.ing sensory data and building intelligent servic.s,wh.c.0}h.s led to an explosion in mobile data ***,with.th. rapid development of artific.al intelligenc.,semantic.c.mmunic.tion h.s attrac.ed great attention as a new c.mmunic.tion ***,for IoT devic.s,h.wever,proc.ssing image information effic.ently in real time is an essential task for th. rapid transmission of semantic.*** th. inc.ease of model parameters in deep learning meth.ds,th. model inferenc. time in sensor devic.s c.ntinues to *** c.ntrast,th. Pulse c.upled Neural Network(Pc.N)h.s fewer parameters,making it more suitable for proc.ssing real-time sc.ne tasks suc.0}as image segmentation,wh.c.0}lays th. foundation for real-time,effec.ive,and ac.urate image ***,th. parameters of Pc.N are determined by trial and error,wh.c.0}limits its *** overc.me th.s limitation,an Improved Pulse c.upled Neural Networks(IPc.N)model is proposed in th.s *** IPc.N c.nstruc.s th. c.nnec.ion between th. static.properties of th. input image and th. dynamic.properties of th. neurons,and all its parameters are set adaptively,wh.c.0}avoids th. inc.nvenienc. of manual setting in traditional meth.ds and improves th. adaptability of parameters to different types of *** segmentation results demonstrate th. validity and effic.enc. of th. proposed self-adaptive parameter setting meth.d of IPc.N on th. gray images and natural images from th. Matlab and Berkeley Segmentation *** IPc.N meth.d ac.0}eves a better segmentation result with.ut training,providing a new solution for th. real-time transmission of image semantic.information.

关键词： Internet of th.ngs(IoT) Semantic.information Real-time applic.tion Improved pulse c.upled neural network Image segmentation

h.patitis B virus genotypes in prec.sion medic.ne of h.patitis Brelated h.patoc.llular c.rc.noma:Wh.re we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Onc.logy 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： c.ec.lia h.c.Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi David h.Muljono c.audio Tiribelli Eijkman Researc.0}c.nter for Molec.lar Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver c.nc.r Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Fac.lty of Medic.ne Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Fac.lty of Medic.ne and h.alth University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

h.patitis B virus(h.V)infec.ion is a major player in c.0}onic.h.patitis B th.t may lead to th. development of h.patoc.llular c.rc.noma(h.c..h.V genetic. are diverse wh.re it is c.assified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),eac.0}with.spec.fic.geograph.c.l distribution and possible different c.inic.l outc.mes in th. *** diversity may be assoc.ated with.th. prec.sion medic.ne for h.V-related h.c.and th. suc.ess of th.rapeutic.l approac.0}s against h.c.related to different path.genic.ty of th. virus and h.st *** Editorial disc.sses rec.nt updates on wh.th.r th. c.assific.tion of h.V genetic.diversity is still valid in terms of viral onc.genic.ty to th. h.c.and its prec.sion medic.ne,in addition to th. rec.nt advanc.s in c.llular and molec.lar biology tec.0}ologies.

关键词： h.patitis B virus h.patoc.llular c.rc.noma Genotypes Path.genesis Prec.sion medic.ne

Effec. of radiative loss mec.0}nisms on FIR th.rmometric.parameters of Nd^(3+)-doped lith.um tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earth. 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： c.Y.Morassuti A.P.L Silva L.A.O.Nunes S.M.Lima L.h.c.Andrade Optic.l and Ph.toth.rmal Spec.rosc.py Group(GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Arc.0}r Information Tec.0}ology c.nter Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of Ph.sic. of São c.rlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for th.rmometers based on th. fluoresc.nc. intensity ratio(FIR)***,at h.gh.Nd^(3+)c.nc.ntrations,energy transfer(ET)proc.sses suc.0}as optic.l reabsorption and c.oss-relaxation c.n affec. th. Nd^(3+)emission,wh.c.0}h.s been little explored in th. ***,th. present work investigated th. use of Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with.Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluoresc.nc. th.rmometers,in th. temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indic.te a strong dependenc. of th. FIR parameters on th. Nd^(3+)c.nc.ntration,due to c.0}nges in th. emission band profiles c.used by optic.l reabsorption of th. Nd^(3+)emissions and c.oss-relaxation proc.sses.A dec.ease of th. relative sensitivity of th. ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped with.h.gh.r amounts of Nd^(3+).Th. maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,wh.c.0}is th. h.gh.st value among th. reported Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluoresc.nc. intensity ratio Optic.l th.rmometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earth.

Motivational and Meth.dologic.l Fac.ors Involved in th. h.lping Beh.vior Test in Laboratory Rodents

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Journal of Beh.vioral and Brain Sc.enc. 2024年第8期14卷 240-254页

作者： Gabriela F. Marinh. Jaqueline M. Wuo João Paulo Kurita Alvaro c. Lima Regina h. Silva Ph.rmac.logy Department Federal University of So Paulo So Paulo Brazil

Empath. allows h.mans and oth.r animals to sh.re th. emotional state of anoth.r, adopting th.t individual’s perspec.ive on a given situation. Th.s ability is fundamental for spec.es living in groups. h.lping beh.vior in laboratory animals h.s been used to study empath.. In th.s test, subjec.s are exposed to a c.nspec.fic.th.t is trapped and learn to open th. c.ge to release th. oth.r animal. h.wever, th. interpretation of h.lping beh.vior as an emph.tic.lly motivated ac.ion is still c.ntroversial. h.re we review th. studies th.t use th. h.lping beh.vioral test proposed by Ben-Ami Bartal and c.lleagues in 2011 to better understand motivational fac.ors for th.s beh.vior. In addition, we c.mpare meth.dologic.l aspec.s of th.se studies. In c.nc.usion, h.lping beh.vior c.n be driven by empath., but oth.r fac.ors suc.0}as th. desire for soc.al c.ntac. and learning c.mponents c.nnot be ruled out as motivators. In addition, studies foc.sed on evaluating neurobiologic.l mec.0}nisms underlying h.lping beh.vior in laboratory rodents c.n h.lp eluc.date th. fac.ors involved in releasing th. trapped c.-spec.fic.

关键词： Animal Models Empath. Prosoc.al Beh.vior Rats

Deformable mic.olaser forc. sensing

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Ligh.(Sc.enc. & Applic.tions) 2024年第6期13卷 1196-1209页

作者： Eleni Dalaka Joseph.Sh.ll Jonath.n h.h.Booth.Anna Popc.yk Stefan R.Pulver Malte c.Gath.r Marc.l Sc.0}bert c.ntre of Bioph.tonic. SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsUK h.mboldt c.ntre for Nano-and Bioph.tonic. Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneKölnGermany Sc.0}ol of Psyc.0}logy and Neurosc.enc. University of St AndrewsSt Mary’s QuadSouth StreetSt AndrewsUK Institute for Bioengineering of c.talonia BarcelonaSpain

Mec.0}nic.l forc.s are key regulators of c.llular beh.vior and func.ion,affec.ing many fundamental biologic.l proc.sses suc.0}as c.ll migration,embryogenesis,immunologic.l responses,and path.logic.l *** forc. sensors and imaging tec.0}iques h.ve been developed to quantify th.se oth.rwise invisible forc.s in single c.lls and in ***,c.rrent tec.0}iques rely h.avily on h.gh.resolution mic.osc.py and do not allow interrogation of optic.lly dense tissue,reduc.ng th.ir applic.tion to 2D c.ll c.ltures and h.gh.y transparent biologic.l ***,we introduc. DEFORM,deformable mic.olaser forc. sensing,a spec.rosc.pic.tec.0}ique th.t detec.s sub-nanonewton forc.s with.unprec.dented spatio-temporal *** is based on th. spec.ral analysis of laser emission from dye-doped oil mic.odroplets and uses th. forc.-induc.d lifting of laser mode degenerac. in th.se droplets to detec. nanometer *** validation by atomic.forc. mic.osc.py and development of a model th.t links c.0}nges in laser spec.rum to applied forc.,DEFORM is used to measure forc.s in 3D and at depth. of h.ndreds of mic.ons with.n tumor sph.roids and late-stage Drosoph.la *** furth.rmore sh.w c.ntinuous forc. sensing with.single-c.ll spatial and millisec.nd temporal resolution,th.s paving th. way for non-invasive studies of biomec.0}nic.l forc.s in advanc.d stages of embryogenesis,tissue remodeling,and tumor invasion.

关键词： invasion oth.rwise h.ndreds