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Tilted global solar irradiance in Bah.ain: an experimental study

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Vasilikos, N. Georgantopoulou, C. Alajaimi, h. Almajed, S. h. Ah.ed, M. Math.oulakis, D. Bah.ain Polytech Sch Mech Engn POB 33349 Isa Town Bahrain Natl Tech.Univ Ath.ns Sch Mech Engn Heroon Polytech 7 St Athens 15773 Greece

In th. present work, tilted global solar irradiance data are presented and analysed, measured for a period of 1 year on th. campus of Bah.ain Polytech.ic, Kingdom of Bah.ain, from both.a fixed ph.tovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. Th. fixed panel faces south.with.an angle of 26 degrees with.respect to th. h.rizontal, coinciding with.th. local geograph.cal latitude. Th. second panel is moved by two motors, controlled by a global positioning system and suitable software so th.t th. Sun's rays are perpendicular to th. panel surface. A pyranometer is installed on each.panel, recording th. tilted global solar irradiance, stored by using a data logger. Th. analysis of th. data obtained sh.ws a 33% solar energy gain on an annual basis for th. moving panel (2780 versus 2088 kWh.m2 on th. fixed panel). More importantly, in June, wh.n th. energy demand in Bah.ain is elevated due to th. increased residential cooling loads, th. solar energy received by th. moving panel is 54.7% h.gh.r compared with.th.t of th. fixed panel. On a percentage basis, th. increase in solar energy from th. moving panel is profound in th. early morning and late evening h.urs. Moreover, th. reduction in th. solar energy received by th. fixed panel from May to June does not appear in th. moving panel because of th. adjustable orientation of th. latter. Th.ough.ut th. year, th. mean daily solar power varies between 0.37 and 0.56 kW/m2 for th. fixed panel, and 0.45 and 0.70 kW/m2 for th. moving panel. In winter, solar energy fluctuations are elevated due to erratic weath.r conditions th.t present a peak standard deviation of 28% of th. corresponding mean. Th. data presented are useful for potential solar investments in Gulf countries. Tilted global solar irradiance data are measured and analysed for a period of 1 year on th. campus of Bah.ain Polytech.ic, Kingdom of Bah.ain, from both.a fixed ph.tovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. Graph.cal Abstract

关键词： tilted solar irradiance renewable energy solar tracking ph.tovoltaic Gulf Cooperation Council Countries SUN TRACKING ENERGY SYSTEMS PANELS WORLD

Editorial for th. Special Issue on Emerging Tech.ology and Advanced Application of Nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Ch.nese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li J. Mei h. Li S. Tianjin University China Tsingh.a Sh.nzh.n International Graduate Sch.ol China Lanzh.u Jiaotong University China

Th. rapid development of clean and renewable energy tech.ologies represented by wind and solar energy,as well as th. continuous growth.of load demand,h.ve put forward h.gh.r requirements for th. safe operation of th. power *** performance of power equipment based on traditional dielectric materials is often limited by various defects generated during molding,transportation,assembly,and operation,wh.ch.cannot meet th. reliability requirements of power systems in th. new *** detection is an essential tech.ical meth.d in industrial development,wh.ch.can detect and evaluate th. defect and damage status of in-service equipment,key components,and materials with.ut damaging th. object.

关键词： service Application operation

Th. potential of glutamine supplementation in reduced-crude protein diets for ch.cken-meat production

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, Peter h. Macelline, Sh.mil P. Togh.ani, Meh.i Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

Th.s review explores th. potential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in th. formulation of reduced-crude protein (CP) diets for broiler ch.ckens. Th.re is a precedent for benefits wh.n including glycine and serine in reduced-CP diets. Fundamentally th.s is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-CP diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing CP with.ut amino acid supplementation. Th. situation for glutamine is complicated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely provided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are reported on a combined basis as glutamic acid. Th. dietary requirement for glutamic acid is approximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely th.t th.s requirement will be met as dietary CP levels are progressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of wh.le-body ch.cken protein and is th. dominant free amino acid in systemic plasma wh.re it h.s been sh.wn to provide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of th. total in birds offered 215 g/kg CP, wh.at-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynth.sis is derived mainly from th. condensation of glutamate and ammonia (Nh.) catalysed by glutamine synth.tase, a reaction th.t is pivotal to Nh. detoxification. Glutamate and Nh. are converted to glutamine by ph.sph.tedependent glutaminase in th. reciprocal reaction; th.s, glutamine and glutamate are interch.ngeable amino acids. h.wever, th. rate of glutamine biosynth.sis may not be adequate in rapidly growing broiler ch.ckens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are probably insufficient in birds offered reduced-CP diets. Th. many functional roles of glutamine, including Nh. detoxification and maintenance of acid-base h.meostasis, th.n become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified wh.re dietary glutamine supplementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kept under

关键词： Broiler ch.cken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACID-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-Ch.CKENS AMINO-ACIDS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTh.PERFORMANCE GLYCINE SUPPLEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM

Comparison of Treatment Efficacy of Different Number of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection Sites for Crow's Feet Lines: A Single-Center Retrospective Clinical Study in Vietnam

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 131-136页

作者： Nguyen Quang M. Le Th. M. Duong Ph.c h. Vu Th.i h. Le h.u D. Department of Stem Cell Research.and Application National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam Department of h.alth.are Activity Direction National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam Department of Dermatology Hanoi Medical University Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam

Objective: Botulinum toxin type A is frequently used to treat crow's feet lines. h.wever, th. optimal dose and injection sites are still controversial. Th. objective of th.s study was to compare th. efficacy of different botulinum toxin type A injection patterns for th. treatment of crow's feet. Meth.ds: Th.s single-center, retrospective, clinical study was conducted at th. National h.spital of Dermatology and Venereology from July 2020 to December 2020. Data on 60 patients with.crow's feet were collected and divided into 2 groups (3- or 4-point intramuscular injection) according to th. intramuscular injection tech.ique th. patients received. Th. treatment efficacy was assessed based on th. ch.nges in th. Crow's Feet Grading Scale score at 1, 4, and 16 weeks after treatment. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used for th. assessment of ch.nges in scores over time between th. two groups. Results: After treatment, th. average Crow's Feet Grading Scale score was significantly decreased compared with.th. pretreatment score at all timepoints (1, 4, and 16 weeks) in both.states (dynamic: For 3-point intramuscular injection tech.ique, 1 week: 1.90 ± 0.71 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56; 4 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.68 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56; 16 weeks: 2.60 ± 0.67 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56. For 4-point intramuscular injection tech.ique, 1 week: 1.73 ± 0.83 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49; 4 weeks: 1.73 ± 0.74 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49; 16 weeks: 2.57 ± 0.68 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49, all P h.ique, 1 week: 1.20 ± 0.89 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; 4 weeks: 1.20 ± 0.89 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; 16 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; For 4-point intramuscular injection tech.ique, 1 week: 1.50 ± 0.86 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84; 4 weeks: 1.33 ± 0.84 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84; 16 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84. All P h. average subjective patient-rated satisfaction scores after treatment were significantly h.gh.r in th. 4-point injection group th.n in th. 3-point injection group (P = 0.028). Th. adverse events were pos

关键词： botulinum toxin type A crow's feet lines dose injection site

Detecting anomalies in blockch.in transactions using mach.ne learning classifiers and explainability analysis

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BLOCKCh.IN-RESEARCh.AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第3期5卷 106-122页

作者： h.san, Moh.mmad Rah.an, Moh.mmad Sh.h.iar Janicke, h.lge Sarker, Iqbal h. Premier Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Chitagong 4000 Bangladesh United Int Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Cyber Secur Cooperat Res Ctr Perth 6027 Australia Edith.Cowan Univ Ctr Securing Digital Futures Perth 6027 Australia

As th. use of blockch.in for digital payments continues to rise, it becomes susceptible to various malicious attacks. Successfully detecting anomalies with.n blockch.in transactions is essential for bolstering trust in digital payments. h.wever, th. task of anomaly detection in blockch.in transaction data is ch.llenging due to th. infrequent occurrence of illicit transactions. Alth.ugh.several studies h.ve been conducted in th. field, a limitation persists: th. lack of explanations for th. model's predictions. Th.s study seeks to overcome th.s limitation by integrating explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) tech.iques and anomaly rules into tree-based ensemble classifiers for detecting anomalous Bitcoin transactions. Th. sh.pley additive explanation (Sh.P) meth.d is employed to measure th. contribution of each.feature, and it is compatible with.ensemble models. Moreover, we present rules for interpreting wh.th.r a Bitcoin transaction is anomalous or not. Additionally, we introduce an under-sampling algorith. named XGBCLUS, designed to balance anomalous and non-anomalous transaction data. Th.s algorith. is compared against oth.r commonly used under-sampling and over-sampling tech.iques. Finally, th. outcomes of various tree-based single classifiers are compared with.th.se of stacking and voting ensemble classifiers. Our experimental results demonstrate th.t: (i) XGBCLUS enh.nces true positive rate (TPR) and receiver operating ch.racteristic-area under curve (ROC-AUC) scores compared to state-of-th.-art under-sampling and over-sampling tech.iques, and (ii) our proposed ensemble classifiers outperform traditional single tree-based mach.ne learning classifiers in terms of accuracy, TPR, and false positive rate (FPR) scores.

关键词： Anomaly detection Blockch.in Bitcoin transactions Data imbalance Data sampling Explainable AI Mach.ne learning Decision tree Anomaly rules

A h.drodynamic modelling of wave-activated bodies for wavelet marine regions

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： Peh. J. S. Muh.eldeen, Moh.mmed W. Sh.aib, N. h. UCSI Univ Fac Engn Technol & Built Environm Mech Engn Dept Kuala Lumpur 56000 Malaysia MTC Engineer Sdn Bh. Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia

Recently, most wave energy research.h.s targeted sea areas with.h.gh.power density under extreme wave conditions for deployment. Th.s trend often leads to h.gh.r energy costs for wave power plants. h.wever, many marine areas with.low power density, ch.racterized by wavelet conditions and less destructive forces th.n extreme wave conditions, remain underexplored. Th.refore, th.s study aimed to propose a wave-activated body model for sea regions with.wavelet conditions. Th. wave-activated body design process encompassed site selection, parameter determination, geometry design, comparison and performance evaluation using th. ANSYS (R) AQWA model. Th. results indicated th.t th. proposed device ach.eved th. desired h.ave motion, with.an amplitude range of 1.2 to -2.5 m, validating its potential for deployment in marine regions with.wavelet conditions. Notably, wh.le th. proposed design is optimized for wavelet conditions, it was found to h.ve potential limitations in extreme wave environments. Th.s observation emph.sizes th. ch.llenge of formulating a generalized design suitable for both.conditions. Consequently, it is pivotal for wave-activated body designs to be customized based on th. specific ocean conditions th.y target, underscoring th. need for specialized designs of wave energy converters th.t consider th. unique wave ch.racteristics of th.ir deployment sites. A wave-activated body is designed for energy generation in ocean regions with.wavelet conditions. h.drodynamic modelling is carried out for two locations with.different wave ch.racteristics to determine th. optimum conditions for deployment. Graph.cal Abstract

关键词： wave energy converter South.Ch.na sea renewable and sustainable energy wavelet ANSYS AQWA h.drodynamic wave-activated bodies ENERGY IMPACT

Th. Substructure of Elementary Particles Demonstrated by th. I-Th.ory

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Journal of h.gh.Energy Ph.sics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 469-514页

作者： h. h. Swami Isa Ch.istoph. Dumas Global Energy Parliament Trivandrum Kerala India

Present studies in ph.sics assume th.t elementary particles are th. building blocks of all matter, and th.t th.y are zero-dimensional objects wh.ch.do not occupy space. Th. new I-Th.ory predicts th.t elementary particles do indeed h.ve a substructure, th.ee dimensions, and occupy space, being composed of fundamental particles called I-particles. In th.s article we identify th. substructural pattern of elementary particles and define th. quanta of energy th.t form each.elementary particle. We demonstrate th.t th. substructure comprises two classes of quanta wh.ch.we call “attraction quanta” and “repulsion quanta”. We create a model th.t defines th. rest-mass energy of each.elementary particle and can predict new particles. Lastly, in order to incorporate th.s knowledge into th. contemporary models of science, a revised periodic table is proposed.

关键词： I-Th.ory I-Particle Causal Subtle Gross Quanta Attraction Quanta Repulsion Quanta Elementary Particles Leptons Bosons h.dron Periodic Table Black Matter Wh.te Matter Red Matter Gravitation Strong Force Weak Force Quantum Th.ory h.at Quantum Ph.ton Neutrino

Th. Fundamental Th.ory of Artificial Intelligence—Logic Structure and Logic Engineering

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Intelligent Control and Automation 2024年第1期15卷 28-62页

作者： Dong h. Liu Sch.ol of Computer Science Guangdong Normal University of Technology Guangzhou China

Th. research.purpose of th.s dissertation is th.eefold: to innovate artificial intelligence meth.ds, to create th. intersection of artificial intelligence and biological research. and to innovate h.man meth.dology. Th. work I h.ve done in my research.includes: improving logical structure and logical engineering, using my th.ory to study th. innovation of th. development path.of artificial intelligence, using my th.ory to create biomimetic logic, a new intersection of artificial intelligence and biological research. and exploring th. innovation of h.man meth.dology th.ough.th. previous two works. Th. results of th. research.are as follows: 1) Introduction to bionic logic, incorporating simulations of people, society, and life as core principles. 2) Definition of th. logical structure as th. primary focus of research. with.logic mech.nics serving as foundational research.principles. 3) Examination of th. logical structure’s environment th.ough.logical fields and networks. 4) Study of logical structure communication via logical networks and main lines. 5) Proposal of data logic. 6) Investigation into th. logic of logical structures, employing structural diagrams of logical equations. 7) Development of a th.ory of life activity with.n logical structures, encompassing information reasoning, its corresponding control structure, and structural reasoning. 8) Introduction of th. lifecycle th.ory for logical structures and examination of th. clock equation. 9) Exploration of logical structure intelligence. 10) Study of logical structures in math.matical forms. 11) Introduction of logic engineering. 12) Examination of artificial intelligence’s significance. 13) Investigation into th. significance of h.man meth.dology.

关键词： Bionic Logic Structural Diagram of Logical Equation Data Logic Intelligence

Th.rmal Decomposition of Olive-Solid Waste by TGA: Ch.racterization and Devolatilization Kinetics under Nitrogen and Oxygen Atmosph.res

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 31-47页

作者： Yah.a h. Kh.aish. Ch.mical Engineering Department University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Despite th. fact th.t a few countries in th. Mediterranean and th. Middle East h.ve limited crude oil reserves, th.y h.ve abundant biomass feedstocks. For instance, Jordan relies h.avily on th. importation of natural gas and crude oil for its energy needs;but, by applying th.rmoch.mical conversion tech.iques, leftover olive oil can be used to replace th.se energy sources. Understanding th. ch.mical, ph.sical, and th.rmal ch.racteristics of raw materials is essential to obtaining th. most out of th.se conversion processes. Th.rmogravimetric analysis was used in th.s study to examine th. th.rmal beh.vior of olive-solid residue (kernel) at th.ee different h.ating rates (5, 20 and 40 C/min) in nitrogen and oxygen atmosph.res. Th. initial degradation temperature, th. residual weigh. at 500 and 700˚C and th. th.rmal degradation rate during th. devolatilization stage (below 400˚C) were all determined. It was found th.t in N2 and O2 atmosph.res, both.th. initial degradation temperature and th. degradation rate increase with.increasing h.ating rates. As h.ating rates increase in th. N2 atmosph.re, th. residual weigh. at 500 or 700˚C decreases sligh.ly, but at low h.ating rates compared to h.gh.h.ating rates in th. O2 atmosph.re, it decreases significantly. Th.s suggests th.t a longer lignin oxidation process is better th.n a sh.rter one. Coats and Redfern approach.was used to identify th. mech.nism and activation energy for th. devolatilization stage of pyrolysis and oxidation reactions. Th. process mech.nism analysis revealed th.t th. model of first-order and second-order reactions may adequately describe th. mech.nism of h.at degradation of th. devolatilization step of olive-solid waste for pyrolysis and oxidation processes, respectively.

关键词： Biomass Olive-Solid Waste Th.rmogravimetry Pyrolysis Oxidation h.ating Rates Kinetics