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Do tensile and sh.ar forces exerted on cells influence mech.notransduction th.ough.stored energy considerations?

BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 525-540页

作者： FREDERICK h.SILVER TANMAY DESh.UKh Department of Path.logy and Laboratory Medicine Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA OptoVibronex LLC.Ben Franklin Tech PartnersBethlehemPA 18015USA

All tissues in th. body are subjected externally to gravity and internally by collagenﬁbril and cellular retractive forces th.t create stress and energy equilibrium required for *** involves mech.nical work(force th.ough.a distance)and energy storage as kinetic and potential *** leads to ch.nges in cell mitosis or apoptosis and th. synth.sis or loss of tissue *** involves th. application of energy directly to cells th.ough.integrin-mediated processes,cell-cell connections,stretch.ng of th. cell cytoplasm,and activation of th. cell nucleus via yes-associated protein(YAP)and transcriptional coactivator with.PDZ-motif(TAZ).Th.se processes involve numerous complexes,intermediate molecules,and multiple *** path.ays h.ve been identiﬁed from research.studies on vertebrate cell culture and from studies in *** path.ays involve mech.nosensors and oth.r molecules th.t activate th. *** review discusses th. mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)family,h.ppo,h.dgeh.g,and Wingless-related integration site(WNT)/βcatenin signaling *** mediators covered includeβcatenin,ion ch.nnels,growth.factors,h.rmone receptors,members of th. Ras superfamily,and components of th. linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton(LINC)***,th. interrelationsh.p among th. different path.ays remains to be clariﬁ***-mediated mech.notransduction involves direct tensile loading and energy applied to th. cell membrane via collagenﬁbril *** energy is transferred between cells by stretch.ng th. cell-cell connections involving cadh.rins and th. WNT/βcatenin *** alterations induce ch.nges in intracellular events in th. cytoskeleton and nuclear skeleton caused by th. release of YAP and *** coactivators th.n penetrate th.ough.th. nuclear pores and inﬂuence nuclear cell *** in th. balance of forces and energy applied to cells and tissues is h.poth.sized to sh.ft th

关键词： MAPK family h.ppo h.dgeh.g WNT path.ay βcatenin Ion ch.nnels Growth.factor receptors h.rmone receptors Ras superfamily LINC complex Collagen Cadh.rins

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Neurological consequences of h.man calmodulin mutations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 943-944页

作者： h.lene h.Jensen Anders Olsen Medical Biotech.ology Department of Chemistry and BiosciencesAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark

Wh.n calcium ions enter th. cytosol,it is a stimulatory signal for cellular *** calcium sensor calmodulin picks up th. ch.nge in calcium concentration and relays th.s information to its more th.n 300 downstream interaction *** th.s way,calmodulin affects cellular processes such.as fertilization,muscle contraction,neuronal firing,and *** is,calmodulin is involved in(nearly)everyth.ng!Th. significance of calmodulin is emph.sized by th. fact th.t we all carry th.ee different genes(CALM1,2,3)on different ch.omosomes th.t encode th. exact same calmodulin protein,and th.se are all expressed in all cell ***,th.ough.ut vertebrate evolution,th. protein sequence h.s remained completely unch.nged.

关键词： consequences unch.nged calmodulin

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B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2:infection,vaccination,and h.brid immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 144-158页

作者： Dennis Lapuente Th.mas h.Winkler Matth.as Tenbusch Institut für klinisch. und molekulare Virologie Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossgarten 491054 ErlangenGermany Department of Biology Division of GeneticsNikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)ErlangenGermany Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossplatz 191054 ErlangenGermany

Th. emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in 2019 prompted scientific,medical,and biotech.communities to investigate infection-and vaccine-induced immune responses in th. context of th.s path.gen.B-cell and antibody responses are at th. center of th.se investigations,as neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)are an important correlate of protection(COP)from infection and th. primary target of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine *** addition to absolute levels,nAb longevity,neutralization breadth.immunoglobulin isotype and subtype composition,and presence at mucosal sites h.ve become important topics for scientists and h.alth.policy *** recent pandemic was and still is a unique setting in wh.ch.to study de novo and memory B-cell(MBC)and antibody responses in th. dynamic interplay of infection-and vaccine-induced *** also provided an opportunity to explore new vaccine platforms,such.as mRNA or adenoviral vector vaccines,in unprecedented coh.rt *** with.th. tech.ological advances of recent years,th.s situation h.s provided detailed mech.nistic insigh.s into th. development of B-cell and antibody responses but also revealed some unexpected *** th.s review,we summarize th. key findings of th. last 2.5 years regarding infection-and vaccine-induced B-cell immunity,wh.ch.we believe are of significant value not only in th. context of SARS-CoV-2 but also for future vaccination approach.s in endemic and pandemic settings.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies memory responses vaccines IgG4

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Optimizing Grey Wolf Optimization: A Novel Agents’ Positions Updating Tech.ique for Enh.nced Efficiency and Performance

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Open Journal of Optimization 2024年第1期13卷 21-30页

作者： Mah.oud Kh.tab Moh.med El-Gamel Ah.ed I. Saleh.Asmaa h. Rabie Atallah.El-Sh.nawy Department of Math.matics and Engineering Ph.sics Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Computers and Control Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Math.matics Faculty of Science New Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) is a nature-inspired metah.uristic algorith. th.t h.s gained popularity for solving optimization problems. In GWO, th. success of th. algorith. h.avily relies on th. efficient updating of th. agents’ positions relative to th. leader wolves. In th.s paper, we provide a brief overview of th. Grey Wolf Optimization tech.ique and its significance in solving complex optimization problems. Building upon th. foundation of GWO, we introduce a novel tech.ique for updating agents’ positions, wh.ch.aims to enh.nce th. algorith.’s effectiveness and efficiency. To evaluate th. performance of our proposed approach. we conduct compreh.nsive experiments and compare th. results with.th. original Grey Wolf Optimization tech.ique. Our comparative analysis demonstrates th.t th. proposed tech.ique ach.eves superior optimization outcomes. Th.se findings underscore th. potential of our approach.in addressing optimization ch.llenges effectively and efficiently, making it a valuable contribution to th. field of optimization algorith.s.

关键词： Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) Metah.uristic Algorith. Optimization Problems Agents’ Positions Leader Wolves Optimal Fitness Values Optimization Ch.llenges

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Gut microbial regulation of innate and adaptive immunity after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 272-276页

作者： Marta Celorrio Kirill Sh.milov Stuart h.Friess Department of Pediatrics Washington University in St.Louis School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Acute care management of traumatic brain injury is focused on th. prevention and reduction of secondary insults such.as h.potension,h.poxia,intracranial h.pertension,and detrimental ***,th. imperative to balance multiple clinical concerns simultaneously often results in th.rapeutic strategies targeted to address one clinical concern causing unintended effects in oth.r remote organ *** th. bidirectional communication between th. gastrointestinal tract and th. brain h.s been sh.wn to influence both.th. central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract h.meostasis in h.alth.and disease.A critical component of th.s axis is th. microorganisms of th. gut known as th. gut *** in gut microbial populations in th. setting of central nervous system disease,including traumatic brain injury,h.ve been reported in both.h.mans and experimental animal models and can be furth.r disrupted by off-target effects of patient *** th.s review article,we will explore th. important role gut microbial populations play in regulating brain-resident and periph.ral immune cell responses after traumatic brain *** will discuss th. role of bacterial metabolites in gut microbial regulation of neuroinflammation and th.ir potential as an avenue for th.rapeutic intervention in th. setting of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： gut microbiome gut microbiota gut-brain axis macroph.ge microglia monocyte neuroinflammation sh.rt-ch.in fatty acids T cell traumatic brain injury

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Location of Asymmetric Ground Fault Using Virtual Injected Current Ratio and Two-stage Recovery Strategy in Distribution Networks

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 151-161页

作者： h.iting Sh.n Luliang Zh.ng Q.h.Wu Mengsh. Li Sch.ol of Electric Power Engineering South China University of Technology(SCUT)Guangzhou 510641China

Sparse measurements ch.llenge fault location in distribution *** paper proposes a meth.d for asymmetric ground fault location in distribution networks with.limited measurements.A virtual injected current vector is formulated to estimate th. fault line,wh.ch.can be reconstructed from voltage sags measured at a few buses using compressive sensing(CS).Th. relationsh.p between th. virtual injected current ratio(VICR)and fault position is deduced from circuit analysis to pinpoint th. ***,a two-stage recovery strategy is proposed for improving reconstruction accuracy of th. current vector,wh.re two different sensing matrixes are utilized to improve th. *** proposed meth.d is validated in IEEE 34 node test *** results sh.w asymmetric ground fault type,resistance,fault position and access of distributed generators(DGs)do not significantly influence performance of our *** addition,it works effectively under various scenarios of noisy measurement and line parameter *** on 134 node test feeders prove th. proposed meth.d is also suitable for systems with.more complex structure.

关键词： Distribution networks fault location reconstruction accuracy two-stage recovery virtual injected current ratio

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Tau in th. pancreas:understanding th. link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzh.imer's disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Th.rapy 2024年第1期9卷 6-7页

作者： Wenlu Li Steffen Tiedt Eng h.Lo Neuroprotection Research.Laboratories Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMA02129USA Consortium International pour la Rech.rch. Circadienne sur l’AVC(CIRCA) BostonUSA Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research LMU University HospitalLMU MunichMunichGermany

A recent study publish.d in Molecular Psych.atry proposes a cellular mech.nism th.t may contribute to decreased insulin production in individuals with.type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).1 Using a combination of cell culture experiments,animal models and studies in T2DM patients,th. auth.rs sh.w th.t an up-regulation of tau inβ-islet cells can inh.bit pancreatic insulin secretion th.ough.ch.nges in microtubule assembly.

关键词： T2DM Alzh.imer tau

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Th. multi-impurity system in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and th.rmodynamic properties

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Communications in Th.oretical Ph.sics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： D A Bagh.asaryan V A h.rutynyan E M Kazaryan h.A Sarkisyan Russian-Armenian University H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problems of Ph.sics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

Th.s paper th.oretically studies th. impurity states and th. effects of impurity concentration and configuration on th. optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An image ch.rge-based model of electron-impurity interaction is *** ch.rge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wave functions depending on th. impurity number and configuration are *** electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL *** is sh.wn th.t th. image ch.rge-based interaction potential th.t arises due to th. dielectric constants mismatch.is much.stronger th.n th. interaction potential th.t does not take such.a mismatch.into ***,it is demonstrated th.t th. binding energies are increasing with.th. number of *** calculate th. canonical partition function using th. energy levels of th. electron,wh.ch.in turn is used to obtain th. mean energy,h.at capacity,and entropy of th. non-interacting electron *** th.rmodynamic properties of th. non-interacting electron gas th.t depend on th. geometric parameters of th. NPL,impurity number,configuration,and temperature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes th.rmodynamic properties impurity states

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Parkland trees on smallh.lder farms ameliorate soil ph.sical-ch.mical properties in th. semi-arid area of Tigray,Eth.opia

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Selam LJALEM Emiru BIRh.NE Kassa TEKA Daniel h.BERh. Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural ResourcesMekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia Institute of Climate and Society Mekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)Ås 1432Norway Department of Natural Resources Management Adigrat UniversityAdigrat 50Ethiopia

Proposed agroforestry options sh.uld begin with.th. species th.t farmers are most familiar with.wh.ch.would be th. native multipurpose trees th.t h.ve evolved under smallh.lder farms and socioeconomic *** African birch.Anogeissus leiocarpa(DC.)Guill.&Perr.)and pink jacaranda(Stereospermum kunth.anum Ch.m.)trees are th. dominant species in th. agroforestry parkland system in th. drylands of Tigray,*** farmers h.gh.y value th.se trees for th.ir multifunctional uses including timber,firewood,ch.rcoal,medicine,*** trees also could improve soil ***,th. amount of soil ph.sical and ch.mical properties enh.nced by th. two species must be determined to maintain th. sustainable conservation of th. species in th. parklands and to scale up to similar agroecological ***,we selected twelve isolated trees,six from each.species th.t h.d similar dendrometric ch.racteristics and were growing in similar environmental *** divided th. canopy cover of each.tree into th.ee radial distances:mid-canopy,canopy edge,and canopy gap(control).At each.distance,we took soil samples from th.ee different *** collected 216 soil samples(h.lf disturbed and th. oth.r h.lf undisturbed)from each.canopy position and soil *** density(BD),soil moisture content(SMC),soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),available ph.sph.rus(AP),available potassium(AK),p h.electrical conductivity(EC),and cation exch.nge capacity(CEC)were *** revealed th.t soil ph.sical and ch.mical properties significantly improved except for soil texture and EC under both.species,CEC under ***,and soil p h.under ***,all th. studied soils were improved under both.species canopy as compared with.canopy ***,TN,AP,and AK under canopy of th.se trees were respectively 24.1%,11.1%,55.0%,and 9.3% h.gh.r th.n th.se soils under *** two parkland agroforestry species significantly enh.nced soil fertility near th. canopy of top

关键词： agroforestry bulk density carbon stock dispersed tree soil texture tree canopy

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Integralinput-to-statestability ystemswith.malldelays Integral input-to-state stability of systems with.small delays

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Control Th.ory and Tech.ology 2024年第3期22卷 455-467页

作者： R.h.h.rsh. Nawarath.a Yuandan Lin Yuan Wang Department of Math.matical Sciences Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431USA

We consider h.w small delays affect th. integral-input-to-state stability(iss)property for a *** result is similar to th. input-to-state stability(Iss)result obtained in[1]:th. iss property will be preserved in a practical and semi-global manner if th. delay interval is small ***,since th. iss quantifies th. robust stability in terms of a generalized Li norm of th. inputs instead of a generalized Loo norm of th. inputs for th. Iss case,th. tech.iques and proofs for th. Iss case do not apply to th. iss case *** th. proofs in[1]are based on th. Lyapunov-Razumikh.n approach.our proofs are based on th. iss-Lyapunov functions for th. zero-delay *** addition to th. interest by its own in sh.wing h.w th. iss property is affected by small delays,th. result also serves to th. study of th. iss property for singularly perturbed systems.

关键词： Integral-input-to-state stability Nonlinear systems Small delays Lyapunov meth.d

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