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What Process Optimizes Convective Drying of Farm Products with Complex Constitution:Case of Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus)

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2019年第1期8卷 14-22页

作者： Ouoba Kondia honoré Desmorieux hélène Zougmore Francois laboratoire des Matériaux et Environnement (lA.M.E.) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST) Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire d’Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (lAGEP) UMR CNRS 5007 Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1-CPE-Bat Lyon France

In this paper, we propose an optimized process for farm product convective drying. Above and beyond the influence of the air parameters on foodstuff convective drying, this work shows that product internal parameters and drying proceedings must be taken into account during the evaluation of their convective drying. results indicate that okra maturity influences its convective drying. It dries faster when it is too young or when it is advanced age. Drying time of okra of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days old is respectively 580 min, 780 min, 990 min, 1200 min and 850 min. Also, one observes that considering okra on its three zones according it length, i.e. its base, middle and extremity parts have not the same resistance to transfers during convective drying. These three zones have respectively 400 min, 520 min and 600 min of drying time. Okra cut reveals a major importance on its convective drying evaluation. The longitudinal cut di-viding okra on four parts, sliced with 5 mm and 10 mm of thickness and the whole okra put respectively 150 min, 200 min, 280 min and 400 min for their drying. At last, three (03) different constituents of okra, namely, the skin, the seeds and central material behave differently during convective drying. The drying time of the central material, the seeds and the skin is about 70 min, 150 min and 190 min respectively, against 400 min for the whole okra.

关键词： Okra Convective Drying Maturity Constituents Form Cut

Copy Mean: A new Method to Impute Intermittent Missing Values in longitudinal Studies

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Open Journal of Statistics 2013年第4期3卷 26-40页

作者： Christophe Genolini rené écochard hélène Jacqmin-Gadda hospices Civils de lyon Service de Biostatistique Lyon France Université lyon 1 Villeurbanne France CNRS UMR5558 Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive Villeurbanne France UMR U1027 INSERM Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France CeRSM (EA 2931) UFR STAPS Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense Nanterre France Université de Bordeaux ISPED Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiology-Biostatistique Bordeaux France

longitudinal studies are those in which the same variable is repeatedly measured at different times. These studies are more likely than others to suffer from missing values. Since the presence of missing values may have an important impact on statistical analyses, it is important that they should be dealt with properly. In this paper, we present “Copy Mean”, a new method to impute intermittent missing values. We compared its efficiency in eleven imputation methods dedicated to the treatment of missing values in longitudinal data. All these methods were tested on three markedly different real datasets (stationary, increasing, and sinusoidal pattern) with complete data. For each of them, we generated nine types of incomplete datasets that include 10%, 30%, or 50% of missing data using either a Missing Completely at Random, a Missing at Random, or a Missing Not at Random missingness mechanism. Our results show that Copy Mean has a great effectiveness, exceeding or equaling the performance of other methods in almost all configurations. The effectiveness of linear interpolation is highly data-dependent. The last Occurrence Carried Forward method is strongly discouraged.

关键词： Imputation longitudinal Data Intermittent Missing Values

Two Unusual Cases of Sudden Death in Children

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Open Journal of Pathology 2013年第2期3卷 69-72页

作者： Maria-Chiara Osterheld Marie-hélène Perez Institute of Pathology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

We report two unusual cases of sudden unexpected death in children. histopathologic examination showed intimal fibroplasias, a variant of fibromuscular dysplasia of the right coronary artery associated in both cases with fatty infiltration of the right ventricular myocardium. The significance of this particular combination of two lesions known to induce a sudden death in young people is discussed.

关键词： Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia-like Cardiomyopathy Fibromuscular Coronary Artery Dysplasia Sudden Death

Association between Taenia solium infection and hIV/AIDS in northern Tanzania: a matched cross sectional-study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 1022-1036页

作者： Veronika Schmidt Christian Kositz Karl-heinz herbinger hélène Carabin Bernard Ngowi Ezra Naman Patricia P.Wilkins John Noh William Matuja Andrea Sylvia Winkler Department of neurology University HospitalKlinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University Munich(TUM)Ismaninger Str.2281675 MunichGermany Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine(DITM) Medical Center of the University of MunichMunichGermany Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityUSA Muhimbili Medical research Centre National Institute for Medical Research(NIMR)Dar es SalaamTanzania hIV Care and Treatment Centre Haydom Lutheran HospitalHaydomTanzania Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria Center for Global HealthCenters for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)AtlantaUSA Department of neurology Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDar es SalaamTanzania Centre of Global health University of OsloOsloNorway

Background:The frequency of Taenia solium,a zoonotic helminth,is increasing in many countries of sub-Saharan Africa,where the prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus(hIV)is also ***,little is known about how these two infections *** aim of this study was to compare the proportion of hIV positive(+)and negative(−)individuals who are infected with Taenia solium(TSOl)and who present with clinical and neurological manifestations of cysticercosis(CC).Methods:In northern Tanzania,170 hIV+individuals and 170 hIV–controls matched for gender,age and village of origin were *** staging and serological tests for TSOl antibodies(Ab)and antigen(Ag)were ***(NCC)was determined by computed tomography(CT)using standard diagnostic *** manifestations were confirmed by a standard neurological *** addition,demographic,clinical and neuroimaging data were ***,CD4^(+)cell counts as well as information on highly active antiretroviral treatment(hAART)were ***:No significant differences between hIV+and hIV–individuals regarding the sero-prevalence of taeniosis-Ab(0.6%vs 1.2%),CC-Ab(2.4%vs 2.4%)and CC-Ag(0.6%vs 0.0%)were detected.A total of six NCC cases(3 hIV+and 3 hIV–)were detected in the group of matched *** individuals(1 hIV+and 1 hIV–)presented with headaches as the main symptom for NCC,and four with asymptomatic *** the hIV+group,TSOl was not associated with CD4+cell counts,hAART duration or hIV ***:This study found lower prevalence of taeniosis,CC and NCC than had been reported in the region to *** low level of infection may have resulted in an inability to find cross-sectional associations between hIV status and TSOl infection or *** sample sizes will be required in future studies conducted in that area to conclude if hIV influences the way NCC manifests itself.

关键词： Taenia solium Taeniosis Cysticercosis neurocysticercosis hIV AIDS Co-infection helminth Tapeworm Prevalence

Immunotoxic potential of aeration lagoon effluents for the treatment of domestic and hospital wastewaters in the freshwater mussel Elliptio complanata

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 781-789页

作者： Francois Gagné Chantale André Marlène Fortier Michel Fournier Fluvial Ecosystem research Environment Canada Montréal Quebec H2Y 2E7 Canada INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier Laval Québec Canada

Municipal wastewaters are major sources of pollution for the aquatic biota. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of some pharmaceutical products and the immunotoxic potential of a municipal wastewater aeration lagoon for the treatment of the domestic wastewaters of a small town with wastewater inputs from a 400-bed hospital complex. Endemic mussels were collected, caged and placed in the final aeration lagoon and at sites 1 km upstream and 1 km downstream of the effluent outfall in the receiving river for a period of 14 days. The results showed that the final aeration lagoon contained high levels of total coliforms, conductivity and low dissolved oxygen （2.9 mg/l） as well as detectable amounts of trimethoprim, carbamazepine, gemfibrozil, and norfloxacin at concentrations exceeding 50 ng/l. The lagoon effluent was indeed toxic to the mussel specimens, as evidenced by the appearance of mortality after 14 days （10% mortality）, decreased mussel weight-to-shell-length ratio and loss of hemocyte viability. The number of adhering hemocytes, phagocytic activity, total nitrite levels and arachidonic cyclooxygenase activity were significantly higher in mussels placed in the final aeration lagoon. A multivariate analysis also revealed that water ph, conductivity, total coliforms and dissolved oxygen were the endpoints most closely linked with phagocytic activity, the amount of adhering hemocytes and loss of hemocyte viability. In conclusion, exposure of mussels to treated aerated lagoon wastewater is deleterious to freshwater mussels where the immune system is compromised.

关键词： mussels municipal wastewaters immunocompetence inflammation cyclooxygenase activity

Three-dimensional dynamics of supported pipes conveying fluid

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第6期33卷 1065-1074页

作者： l.Wang T.l.Jiang h.l.Dai Department of Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China hubei Key laboratory for Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment Wuhan 430074 China

This paper deals with the three-dimensional dynamics and postbuckling behavior of flexible supported pipes conveying fluid, considering flow velocities lower and higher than the critical value at which the buckling instability occurs. In the case of low flow velocity, the pipe is stable with a straight equilibrium position and the dynamics of the system can be examined using linear theory. When the flow velocity is beyond the critical value, any motions of the pipe could be around the postbuckling configuration(non-zero equilibrium position) rather than the straight equilibrium position, so nonlinear theory is required. The nonlinear equations of perturbed motions around the postbuckling configuration are derived and solved with the aid of Galerkin discretization. It is found, for a given flow velocity,that the first-mode frequency for in-plane motions is quite different from that for out-of-plane motions. however, the second-or third-mode frequencies for in-plane motions are approximately equal to their counterparts for out-of-plane motions, keeping almost constant values with increasing flow velocity. Moreover, the orientation angle of the postbuckling configuration plane for a buckled pipe can be significantly affected by initial conditions, displaying new features which have not been observed in the same pipe system factitiously supposed to deform in a single plane.

关键词： Pipe conveying fluid Three-dimensional dynamics Instability Natural frequency Postbuckling configuration

Combining two-photon lithography with laser ablation of sacrificial layers:A route to isolated 3D magnetic nanostructures

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Nano research 2023年第1期16卷 1441-1447页

作者： Arjen van den Berg Mylène Caruel Matthew hunt Sam ladak School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK Institut National des Sciences Appliquées(INSA)of Toulouse 35 Avenue de Rangueil31400 ToulouseFrance

Three-dimensional(3D)nanostructured functional materials are important systems allowing new means for intricate control of electromagnetic properties.A key problem is realising a 3D printing methodology on the nanoscale that can yield a range of functional *** this article,it is shown that two-photon lithography,when combined with laser ablation of sacrificial layers,can be used to realise such a vision and produce 3D functional nanomaterials of complex ***-of-principle is first shown by fabricating planar magnetic nanowires raised above the substrate that exhibit controlled domain wall injection and ***,3D artificial spin-ice(3DASI)structures are fabricated,whose complex switching can be probed using optical *** show that by careful analysis of the magneto-optical Kerr effect signal and by comparison with micromagnetic simulations,depth dependent switching information can be obtained from the 3DASI *** work paves the way for new materials,which exploit additional physics provided by non-trivial 3D geometries.

关键词： three-dimensional(3D)nanomagnetism 3D lithography 3D artificial spin ice sacrificial layers magneto-optical Kerr effect

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怎样强健大脑

法语学习 2011年第5期 40-42页

作者： hélène Vissière 王吉会

一切都始于一次令人震惊的实验。几年前,美国威斯康辛大学的几位科学家在研究进行坐禅的西藏僧人的大脑时,发现其大脑皮层的额叶左前部（产生积极情绪的地方）非常活跃。此外,科学家们还发现僧人们的大脑可产生强烈的令人难以想象的伽玛波,

关键词：大脑皮层威斯康辛大学积极情绪科学家僧人

Melting, Oxidation, Evaporation of Particle in-Flight in Plasma Spray Processes

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2003年第Z1期19卷 49-52页

作者： h.B.Xiong l.l.Zheng Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794-2300 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794-2300 USA

A comprehensive numerical model has been developed to investigate the transient behaviors of particle characteristics, such as temperature, melting, evaporation, and oxidation status during argon-hydrogen DC plasma *** model includes heat, momentum and mass transfer of carrier gas, and particle heating, melting, evaporationand oxidation. Special attentions have been paid to the evaporation-induced mass transfer and oxidation-inducedevaporation as well as variable non-continuum phenomena.

关键词： Melting, Oxidation, Materials processing, Multi-components reacting flow, Computational heat transfer