AIM: To investigate the impact of primary reperfusion therapy(RT) on early and late mortality in acute right ventricular infarction(RVI). METhODS: RVI patients(n = 679) were prospectivelyclassified as without right ve...
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AIM: To investigate the impact of primary reperfusion therapy(RT) on early and late mortality in acute right ventricular infarction(RVI). METhODS: RVI patients(n = 679) were prospectivelyclassified as without right ventricular failure(RVF)(class A, n = 425, 64%), with RVF(class B, n = 158, 24%) or with cardiogenic shock(CS)(class C, n = 96, 12%). Of the 679 patients, 148(21.7%) were considered to be eligible for thrombolytic therapy(TT) and 351(51.6%) for primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI). TIMI 3-flow by TT was achieved for A, B and C RVI class in 65%, 64% and 0%, respectively and with PPCI in 93%, 91% and 87%, respectively. RESULTS: For class A without RT, the mortality rate was 7.9%, with TT was reduced to 4.4%(P h PPCI to 3.2%(P hout RT the mortality was 27%, decreased to 13% with TT(P h PPCI(P hout RT the in-hospital mortality was 80%, with TT was 100% and with PPCI, the rate decreased to 44%(P he mortality rate without RT for class A was 32%, for class B was 48% and for class C was 85%. When PPCI was successful, the longterm mortality was lower than previously reported for the 3 RVI classes(A: 21%, B: 38%, C: 70%; P hort/long-term mortality for all RVI categories. RVI CS patients should be encouraged to undergo PPCI at a specialized center.
Insulin,a key pleiotropic hormone,regulates metabolism through several signaling pathways in target tissues including skeletal muscle,liver,and *** the brain,insulin modulates learning and memory,and impaired insulin ...
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Insulin,a key pleiotropic hormone,regulates metabolism through several signaling pathways in target tissues including skeletal muscle,liver,and *** the brain,insulin modulates learning and memory,and impaired insulin signaling is associated with metabolic dysregulation and neurodegenerative *** the receptor level,in aging and Alzheimer’s disease(AD)models,the amount of insulin receptors and their functions are *** and animal model studies suggest that memory improvements are due to changes in insulin ***,diabetes mellitus(DM)and insulin resistance are associated with age-related cognitive decline,increased levels ofβ-amyloid peptide,phosphorylation of tau protein;oxidative stress,pro-inflammatory cytokine production and dyslipidemia. Recent evidence shows that deleting brain insulin receptors leads to mildobesity and insulin resistance without influencing brain size and apoptosis ***, deleting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) affects brain size anddevelopment, and contributes to behavior changes. Insulin is synthesized locally in the brain andis released from the neurons. here, we reviewed proposed pathophysiological hypotheses toexplain increased risk of dementia in the presence of DM. Regardless of the exact sequence ofevents leading to neurodegeneration, there is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunctionplays a key role in AD and DM. A triple transgenic mouse model of AD showed mitochondrialdysfunction, oxidative stress, and loss of synaptic integrity. These alterations are comparable tothose induced in wild-type mice treated with sucrose, which is consistent with the proposal thatmitochondrial alterations are associated with DM and contribute to AD development. Alterationsin insulin/IGF-1 signaling in DM could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and low antioxidantcapacity of the cell. Thus, insulin/IGF-1 signaling is important for increased neural processing andsystemic metabolism, a
Coffee is currently the second largest commodity on the world market today,and there is great concern about the quality of the beans exported from producer countries to Europe and *** such as using blends of different...
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Coffee is currently the second largest commodity on the world market today,and there is great concern about the quality of the beans exported from producer countries to Europe and *** such as using blends of different species and adding low-cost raw materials,such as chicory,corn,and soybean,impair the sensory and functional characteristics of the drink made from roasted and ground coffee *** is a need to adopt more efficient analytical methods than the microscopy technique currently *** first chromatographic method used to determine fraud was reported in *** method used paper chromatography to differentiate between coffee and chicory based on the free reducing *** of the 1980s,different methods involving high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography were developed in order to demonstrate geographic authenticity,distinction between species,occurrence of adulteration,and the presence of defective beans by determining the monosaccharides,oligosaccharides,tocopherols,fatty acids,volatiles,diterpenes,sterols,and phenolic substances,among *** far as the authors know,there are no papers published in the literature that have compiled such an extensive set of information about these chromatographic methods as *** the last 2 years,there has been a trend to develop analytical methods for ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to confirm fraud in coffee,due to high sensitivity and selectivity.
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