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Evaluation of a multidisciplinary global health online course in Mexico

Global health Research and Policy 2020年第1期5卷 76-86页

作者： héctor carrasco Patricia Fuentes Itzel Eguiluz Cesar Lucio-Ramírez Sandra Cárdenas Ilse Mariana Leyva Barrera Manuel Pérez-Jiménez Tecnológico de Monterrey Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la SaludMonterreyMexico history of Science and Global health and health Policy Harvard UniversityCambridgeUSA Vice-Rectory of Academic and Educational Innovation Tecnológico de MonterreyMonterrey CampusMonterreyMexico

Background:Global health Education(GhE)focuses on training proactive global citizens to tackle health challenges in an increasingly interconnected and interdependent *** show that health professionals in training have reported that GhE has improved their teamwork,responsiveness to contextual factors that impact health,and understanding of health systems;however,there is little research on the impact of GhE courses in undergraduate settings,especially in low and middle-income countries(LMICs).Methods:Our study analyzes a multidisciplinary online global health course at Tecnologico de Monterrey,Mé*** conducted a cross-sectional study with pre-and *** who took the multidisciplinary course of Global health for Leaders in the Fall of 2019(n=153)and Spring of 2020(n=348)were selected for this *** a five-point Likert scale(strongly agree to strongly disagree),the survey assessed seven competencies as well as questions about course expectations,takeaways,and recommendations to improve the *** performed descriptive statistical analyses comparing the combined pre-tests(from Fall and Spring cohorts)to the combined ***’s exact test was used to compare the ***:Of the 501 pre-course surveys administered,456 responses were completed in the pre-course and 435 in the post-course(91%overall response rate).Only 8.7%of the respondents in the pre-course survey strongly agreed that they could describe fundamental aspects of global health such as the Millennium Development Goals or Sustainable Development Goals,in contrast to a 56%of the students who strongly agreed in the post-course survey(phe global burden of disease,social determinants of health,the effects of globalization in health,health systems’goals and functions,and human rights.38%felt that the course helped them develop a more empathetic perception of the suffering of others experiencing global hea

关键词： Global health Education Global health LMICs Global health training

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Innovate combination of sevoflurane dilution in dimethyl sulfoxide: A stability study by gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2016年第3期5卷 59-67页

作者： F Dámaso Fernández-Ginés Sergio García-Mu?oz héctor Mateo-carrasco Miguel ángel Rincón-Cervera Manuel Corti?as-Sáenz José Antonio Morales-Molina Carmen Fernández-Sánchez Juan Miguel Expósito-López Ignacio Rodríguez-García Department of Pharmacy Torrecárdenas Hospital University of Almería Aseptic Services Unit Department of Pharmacy Northampton General Hospital Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology University of Chile Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management Torrecárdenas Hospital Department of Pharmacy Agencia Pública Empresarial Sanitaria Hospital de Poniente Department of Chemistry and Physics University of Almería

To investigate physicochemical stability of sevofuranein dimethyl sulfoxide using gas chromatography with a fame ionization detector and nuclear magnetic reso-nance （NMR）.METhODSUndiluted sevoflurane, plus dilutions 1：2, 1：5, 1：10, 1：25, and 1：50 in dimethyl sulfoxide were prepared in a vertical laminar fow cabinet class Ⅱ type B and stored at different temperatures （23 ℃, 6 ℃, and -10 ℃） for 45 d. Sterile 1 mL polypropylene amber syringes to minimize light degradation, caps and needles were used. The presence of sevofurane and its degradation products in the samples was determined by gas chroma-tography with flame ionization detector （260 ℃, 40min）, and by 1h, 19F, and proton-decoupled 19F nuclearmagnetic *** The gas chromatography analysis showed sevofluraneand dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO） retention times were 2.7and 13.0 min, respectively. Pure DMSO injection into thecolumn resulted in two additional peaks at 2.1 and 2.8min. The same sevofurane peak at 2.7 min was observedin all the dilutions at -10 ℃, 4 ℃ and 25 ℃. The NMRspectra showed signals consistent with the sevoflurane structure in all the dilutions at -10 ℃, 4 ℃ and 25 ℃. In the 1h spectrum, two signals corresponding to the sevoflurane molecule were observed at 5.12 and 4.16 parts per million （ppm5）. In the 19F-NMR spectrum, two signals were observed at -76.77 ppm and -157.13 ppm. In the 19F NMR CPD, two signals were observed at -76.77 ppm and -157.13 ppm. The first one showed a doublet （JF-F = 3.1 hz） which integrated by six fluorine nuclei from the hexafluoro-isopropyl group. The second signal was integrated by a fuorine atom and showed a septuplet （JF-F = 3.1 hz）.CONCLUSIONThis study shows that different concentrations ofsevofurane in dimethyl sulfoxide retain their chemicalcomposition after exposure to different temperaturesfor a period of 45 d.

关键词： Sevoflurane Dimethyl sulfoxide Uclear magnetic resonance Gas chromatography Skin ulcers Drug stability

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Levels of Empathy among Dental Students in Five Chilean Universities

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health 2016年第1期8卷 32-41页

作者： Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez Aracelis Calzadilla Núñez Doris carrasco Alex Bustos Alejandro Zamorano henry Silva Elizabeth López Tagle Joyce hubermann Robert Utsman Alejandro Reyes Reyes Faculty of Dentistry Universidad San Sebastián Santiago Chile Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago Chile Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Felix Bulnes Hospital Santiago Chile Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile Department of Prevention and Public health Faculty of Dentistry Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile School of Dentistry Universidad Finis Terrae Santiago Chile School of Dentistry Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago Chile School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicina-Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile School of health Sciences Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología (ULACIT) San José Costa Rica School of Psychology Universidad Santo Tomas Concepción Chile

Aim: To compare empathic levels among dental students of five Dental Faculties in Chile. Material and Methods: Empathic orientation of dental students was measured using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the Spanish version for students (S version), validated in Chile and culturally adapted to dental students. The data were compared using analysis of variance trifactorial (model III) and by a discriminant analysis. Results: It was found that differences exist between universities empathic orientation, courses, and gender. Conclusions: The results showed a great variability of empathetic guidance values on the factors studied. Discriminant test confirm the similarity and differences found among faculties from the data matrix provided by the scale used. It is not possible in this investigation to explain the variability found.

关键词： Empathy Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy Empathic Levels Empathy Components

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Empathy Gender in Dental Students in Latin America: An Exploratory and Cross-Sectional Study

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health 2015年第11期7卷 1527-1535页

作者： Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez Ana María Erazo Coronado Jorge Luis Bilbao Farith González Mariela Padilla Madeline howard María Guadalupe Silva Mirian Bullen Fredy Gutierrez Teresa Varela de Villalba Mercedes Salcedo Rioja Joyce huberman Doris carrasco Robert Utsman School of Dentistry Universidad San Sebastián Santiago Chile Associate Investigator Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago Chile Universidad Metropolitana Barranquilla Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla y Fundación Universitaria San Martín Sede Puerto Colombia Barranquilla Colombia School of Dentistry Universidad de Cartagena Campus de la Salud Barrio Zaragocilla Cartagena Colombia School of health Sciences Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología San José Costa Rica School of Dentistry Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro de Montes de Oca San José Costa Rica Institute for Scientific Research Universidad Central del Este San Pedro de Macorís Dominican Republic School of Dentistry Universidad de Panamá Panama City Panama Facultad de Estomatología Roberto Beltrán Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Católica de Córdoba Córdoba Argentina Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru School of Dentistry Faculty of Clinical Medicine Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile School of Dentistry Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile Investigation of the School of health Sciences Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología San José Costa Rica

Background: It is well-founded that empathy is an attribute that increases the likelihood of good communication between health professionals and patients, and it is usual that there is the conviction that empathy levels are higher in women than in men. Aims: A study comparing levels of empathy gender of students in 18 schools of dentistry from six Latin American countries was conducted. Method: An exploratory cross-sectional study of which empathy levels were measured by the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for dental students (S version) and these levels were compared between genders by t-student test, after verification of normal distribution and homoscedasticity. Results: Variability was found in the results of the comparisons. In some cases, empathy levels were higher in women, others in men and in most of them there were no differences between genders. Conclusions: The observed results do not support the belief that women are more empathetic than men. however, more studies must be performed in more powers and countries to verify that the results described constitute a scientific fact and not just a feature of dental students specifically in the countries studied.

关键词： Empathy Gender Dental Students

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