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Verification of Beam Models for Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Actuator

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第3期6卷 232-238页

作者： Hoon Cheol Park Quoc Viet Nguyen Jang woo lee Young Tai Yoo Artificial Muscle Research Center Konkuk University Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Konkuk University Department of Materials Chemistry and Engineering Konkuk University

Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) can work as an actuator by applying a few voltages.A thick IPMC actuator,where Nafion-117 membrane was synthesized with polypyrrole/alumina composite filler,was analyzed to verify the equivalent beam and equivalent bimorph beam *** blocking force and tip displacement of the IPMC actuator were measured with a DC power supply and Young's modulus of the IPMC strip was measured by bending and tensile tests *** calculated maximum tip displacement and the Young's modulus by the equivalent beam model were almost identical to the corresponding measured *** element analysis with thermal analogy technique was utilized in the equivalent bimorph beam model to numerically reproduce the force-displacement relationship of the IPMC *** results by the equivalent bimorph beam model agreed well with the force-displacement relationship acquired by the measured *** is confirmed that the equivalent beam and equivalent bimorph beam models are practically and effectively suitable for predicting the tip displacement,blocking force and Young's modulus of IPMC actuators with different thickness and different composite of ionic polymer membrane.

关键词： jonic polymer-metal composite beam model displacement force

Lithofacies modeling by multipoint statistics and economic evaluation by NPV volume for the early Cretaceous Wabiskaw Member in Athabasca oilsands area, Canada

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第2期9卷 441-451页

作者： Kwang Hyun Kim Kyungbook lee Hyun Suk lee Chul woo Rhee Hyun Don Shin Petroleum and Marine Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Chungbuk National University Department of Energy Resources Engineering Inha University

The static modeling and dynamic simulation are essential and critical processes in petroleum exploration and development. In this study, lithofacies models for Wabiskaw Member in Athabasca, Canada are generated by multipoint statistics(MPS) and then compared with the models built by sequential indicator simulation(SIS). Three training images(Tls) are selected from modern depositional environments;the Orinoco River Delta estuary, Cobequid bay-Salmon River estuary, and Danube River delta environment. In order to validate lithofacies models, average and variance of similarity in lithofacies are calculated through random and zonal blind-well *** random six-blind-well test, similarity average of MPS models is higher than that of SIS model. The Salmon MPS model closely resembles facies pattern of Wabiskaw Member in subsurface. Zonal blind-well tests show that successful lithofacies modeling for transitional depositional setting requires additional or proper zonation information on horizontal variation, vertical proportion, and secondary *** Wabiskaw Member is frontier oilsands lease, it is impossible to evaluate the economics from production data or dynamic simulation. In this study, a dynamic steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD)performance indicator(SPIDER) on the basis of reservoir characteristics is calculated to build 3 D reservoir model for the evaluation of the SAGD feasibility in Wabiskaw Member. SPIDER depends on reservoir properties, economic limit of steam-oil ratio, and bitumen price. Reservoir properties like porosity,permeability, and water saturation are measured from 13 cores and calculated from 201 well-logs. Three dimensional volumes of reservoir properties are constructed mostly based on relationships among properties. Finally, net present value(NPV) volume can be built by equation relating NPV and SPIDER. The economic area exceeding criterion of US$ 10,000 is identified, and the ranges of reservoir properties are estimated. NPV-volume-generati

关键词： Oilsands Multipoint statistics (MPS) Reservoir static modeling Economic evaluation Net present value (NPV) SAGD, and SPIDER

Winter distribution of diatom assemblages along the coastline of *** in 2010

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第6期41卷 68-77页

作者： Joon Sang Park Kyun-woo lee Seung Won Jung Taek-Kyun lee Hyoung Min Joo Library of Marine Samples Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyGeoje 53201R.O.Korea Marine Biotechnology Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyBusan 49111R.O.Korea Risk Assessment Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyGeoje 53201R.O.Korea Unit of Next Generation IBRV Building Program Korea Polar Research InstituteIncheon 21990R.O.Korea

Diatoms are a globally successful and eukaryotic photosynthetic organism with an ornamented silica external *** relationship between their valve morphology and habitat means that diatoms can be used as bioindicators to characterize the aquatic *** estimate the differential distribution and diversity of diatom assemblages along the coastal line,we collected phytoplankton samples from 114 coastal sites of waters of *** applied the unweighted pair-group technique using the arithmetic averages clustering method to cluster the sampling sites,apart from those where the biota consisted of other groups,such as dinoflagellates,into four regions:the Yellow Sea,South Sea,southern East Sea,and northern East *** species analysis in each region led to the selection of tychoplanktonic,chain-forming,attached species to substrates and psychrophilic indicator diatoms,respectively,each of which represented a planktonic lifestyle associated with one of the four *** study shows the diatom assemblages to serve as bioindicators of Korean coastal water in winter,and the subsequent seasonal survey will provide a starting point for the improved understanding of Korean diatom-based ecoregions,in both time and space.

关键词： diatom assemblage indicator species life-form Korean coastal waters species diversity

Naphthalene emissions from moth repellents or toilet deodorant blocks determined using head-space and small-chamber tests

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第8期20卷 1012-1017页

作者： JO Wan-Kuen lee Jong-Hyo LIM Ho-Jin JEONG woo-Sik Department of Environmental Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea. School of Food and Life Science Inje University KimhaeKyungsangnarado 621-749Korea

The present study investigated the emissions of naphthalene and other compounds from several different moth repellents(MRs) and one toilet deodorant block(TDB)currently sold in Korea,using a headspace *** emission factors and emission rates of naphthalene were studied using a small-scale environmental ***-type products emitted a higher concentration of the total volatile organic compounds(VOCs)(normalized to the weight of test piece)than ball-type products,which in turn emitted higher con...

关键词： volatile organic compounds(VOCs) chemical composition ball-type gel-type paper-type

Prognostic implication of isolated tumor cells and micrometastases in regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 5920-5925页

作者： Hye Seung lee Min A Kim Han-Kwang Yang Byung Lan lee woo Ho Kim Department of Pathology Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Institute Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute Department of Anatomy

AIM： To determine the prognostic significance of isolated tumor cells （ITCs） and lymph node micrometastases in gastric cancer. METHODS： Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of lymph node dissections of 632 consecutive gastric cancers were reviewed. Cytokeratin immunostaining was performed in 280 node-negative cases and 5 cases indefinite for lymph node metastases. Lymph node metastases were divided into ITCs, micrometastases, or macrometastases, according to the sizes of tumor deposits in largest dimension. ITCs were further classified into four groups according to metastasis pattern. RESULTS： Lymph node metastases were identified by immunostaining in 58 of 280 node-negative cases （20.7%） and were not significantly associated with patient survival （P = 0.3460）. After cytokeratin immunostaining, 196 cases were classified as pN1, which consisted of 20 cases with micrometastases detected by immunostaining （pNlmi（i＋））, 34 cases with only micrometastases （pNlmi）, and 142 cases with pN1 with one or more macrometastases （pN1）. Cases with pNlmi and pNlmi（i＋） had a significantly better prognosis than the cases with pN1 （P = 0.0037）. ITCs were found in 38 of these 58 cases, and could be divided into four groups： 12 cases with only a single cell pattern, 7 cases with multiple individual cells, 5 cases with single small cluster, and 14 cases with multiple small clusters. Among these four groups, cases with ITCs of multiple individual cell pattern showed the worst survival （median survival： 28 mo, P〈0.0001）.CONCLUSION： Both size and pattern of lymph node metastases can give prognostic information on the survival of gastric cancer patients.

关键词： Immunohistochemistry Cytokeratin Patientsurvival Lymph node metastasis

Beneficial Effect of Berberis amurensis Rupr. on Penile Erection

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第6期24卷 448-454页

作者： Rui Tan Yun Jung lee Kyung woo Cho Dae Gill Kang Ho Sub lee College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine Wonkwang University Hanbang CardioRenal Syndrome Research Center Wonkwang University Brain Korea 21 Plus Team Professional Graduate School of Oriental MedicineWonkwang University

Objective： To investigate whether the methanol extract of Berberis amurensis Rupr. （BAR） augments penile erection using in vitro and in vivo experiments. Methods： The ex vivo study used corpus cavemosum strips prepared from adult male New Zealand White rabbits. In in vivo studies for intracavernous pressure （ICP）, blood pressure, mean arterial pressure （MAP）, and increase of peak ICP were continuously monitored during electrical stimulation of Sprague-Dawley rats. Results： Preconstricted with phenylephrine （PE） in isolated endothelium- intact rabbit corus cavernosum, BAR relaxed penile smooth muscle in a dose-dependent manner, which was inhibited by pretreatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME）, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, and 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazole-[4,3-α]-quinoxalin-l-one, a soluble guanylyl cclase inhibitor. BAR significantly relaxed penile smooth muscles dose-dependently in ex vivo, and this was inhibited by pretreatment with L-NAME 1H-[1,2,4]- oxadiazole-[4,3-α ]-quinoxalin-l-one. BAR-induced relaxation was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with tetraethylammonium （TEA, P〈0.01）, a nonselective K＋ channel blocker, 4-aminopyridine （4-AP, P〈0.01）, a voltage-dependent K＋ channel blocker, and charybdotoxin （P〈0.01）, a large and intermediate conductance Ca2. sensitive-K＋ channel blocker, respectively. BAR induced an increase in peak ICP, ICP/MAP ratio and area under the curve dose dependently. Conclusion： BAR augments penile erection via the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate system and Ca2. sensitive-K＋（BK＋ and IK＋） channels in the corpus cavemosum.

关键词： penile erection Berberis amurensis Rupr. nitric oxide cyclic guanosine monophosphate K+ channel

Evaluation of early-age strains and stresses in roller-compacted concrete pavement

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第1期9卷 93-105页

作者： Tetsya Sok Young Kyu Kim Jun Young Park Seung woo lee Public Infrastructure Department Ministry of Public Works and TransportPhnom Penh 12100Cambodia Institute for Disaster Prevention Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangneung-si 25457South Korea Korea Expressway Research Institute Korea Expressway CorporationHwaseong-si 18489South Korea Civil Engineering Department Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangneung-si 25457South Korea

In the structural design of a roller-compacted concrete pavement(RCCP), it is crucial to estimate strain and stress developments in the RCCP slab realistically. Since the RCCP mix uses less cement and lower amount of water, shrinkage strain and concrete temperature during the hardening stage are expected to be reduced as compared to those of conventional concrete mixture, resulting in a reduction of the concrete early-age deformation and stress developments in the RCCP slab. In this paper, early-age concrete strain and stress developments in RCCP slab subjected to environmental loads were evaluated. A full-scale test section of RCCP under real climatic conditions was monitored. The early-age total strains,stress-independent strains, shrinkage strains, and coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE) of the RCCP were measured and analyzed. Using the results of measured strains, in-situ CTE and shrinkage strain, and temperature, the early-age concrete stress development is computed by incorporating a viscoelastic property of the early-age concrete. The results revealed that the shrinkage strain of the RCCP is quite low as compared to that of conventional concrete. The early-age stress developments in the RCCP slab are strongly governed by the thermal-induced stresses. Shrinkage-induced stresses were quite small and might be negligible in a preliminary estimation of early-age stress developments in the RCCP slab.

关键词： Road engineering Roller-compacted concrete pavement Concrete strain Concrete stress Shrinkage strain Environmental loads

Adaptive data fusion framework for modeling of non-uniform aerodynamic data

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第7期36卷 316-336页

作者： Vinh PHAM Maxim TYAN Tuan Anh NGUYEN Chi-Ho lee L.V.Thang NGUYEN Jae-woo lee Department of Aerospace Information Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029Republic of Korea Konkuk Aerospace Design-Airworthiness Institute Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029Republic of Korea

Multi-fidelity Data Fusion(MDF)frameworks have emerged as a prominent approach to producing economical but accurate surrogate models for aerodynamic data modeling by integrating data with different fidelity ***,most existing MDF frameworks assume a uniform data structure between sampling data sources;thus,producing an accurate solution at the required level,for cases of non-uniform data structures is *** address this challenge,an Adaptive Multi-fidelity Data Fusion(AMDF)framework is proposed to produce a composite surrogate model which can efficiently model multi-fidelity data featuring non-uniform ***,the design space of the input data with non-uniform data structures is decomposed into subdomains containing simplified ***,different MDF frameworks and a rule-based selection process are adopted to construct multiple local models for the subdomain *** the other hand,the Enhanced Local Fidelity Modeling(ELFM)method is proposed to combine the generated local models into a unique and continuous global ***,the resulting model inherits the features of local models and approximates a complete database for the whole design *** validation of the proposed framework is performed to demonstrate its approximation capabilities in(A)four multi-dimensional analytical problems and(B)a practical engineering case study of constructing an F16C fighter aircraft’s aerodynamic *** comparisons of the generated models using the proposed AMDF framework and conventional MDF approaches using a single global modeling algorithm are performed to reveal the adaptability of the proposed approach for fusing multi-fidelity data featuring non-uniform ***,the results indicated that the proposed framework outperforms the state-of-the-art MDF approach in the cases of non-uniform data.

关键词： Aerodynamic modeling Data fusion Diverse data structure Multi-fidelity data Multi-fidelity surrogate modeling

Effect of silicon carbide-based iron catalyst on reactor optimization for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第6期81卷 519-532,I0012页

作者： Eun-hae Sim Sung woo lee Jin Ju lee Seung Ju Han Jung Ho Shin Gracia lee Sungrok Ko Kwan-Young lee Yong Tae Kim C1 Gas&Carbon Convergent Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-roSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Chemical Data-Driven Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Prospective Tech.Exploring Section Basic Chemical R&D centerLottechemical Corp.Daejeon 34059Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Gajeong-dongYuseongDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The conversion of methane to olefins,aromatics,and hydrogen(MTOAH)can be used to stably obtain hydrocarbons when the effect of the catalytic surface is optimized from the reaction engineering *** this study,Fe/Si C catalysts were packed into a quartz tube *** catalytic surfaces of Si C and the impregnated Fe species decreased the apparent activation energies(E_a)of methane consumption in the blank reactor between 965 and 1020℃.Consequently,the hydrocarbon yield increased by 2.4times at 1020℃.Based on the model reactions of ethane,ethylene,and acetylene mixed with hydrogen in the range of 500-1020℃,an excess amount of Fe in the reactor favored the C-C coupling reaction over the selective hydrogenation of acetylene;consequently,coke formation was favored over the hydrogenation *** gas-phase reactions and catalyst properties were optimized to increase hydrocarbon yields while reducing coke *** 0.2Fe catalyst-packed reactor(0.26 wt%Fe)resulted in a hydrocarbon yield of 7.1%and a coke selectivity of<2%when the ratio of the void space of the postcatalyst zone to the catalyst space was adjusted to be≥*** on these findings,the facile approach of decoupling the reaction zone between the catalyst surface and the gas-phase reaction can provide insights into catalytic reactor design,thereby facilitating the scale-up from the laboratory to the commercial scale.

关键词： Non-oxidative methane conversion Ethylene Aromatic Methane pyrolysis Fe/SiC Coke resistance Catalytic reactor