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Prevalence of Hypertension during Pregnancy in Benin: Results from STEPS Survey in 2015

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第3期11卷 284-292页

作者： Yessito Corine Nadège Houehanou Salimanou Ariyoh Amidou Djidjoho Joël Arnaud Sonou Maurice Agonnoudé gwladys nadia gbaguidi Maria-Conchéta Tchibozo Dismand Houinato National Training School for Senior Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin National Program for the Control of Noncommunicable Diseases Cotonou Benin University Cardiology Clinic CNHU-HKM Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Chronic and Neurological Disease Epidemiology (LEMACEN) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Hypertension disorders of pregnancy are one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal deaths. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among pregnant women having participated in the STEPS survey in Benin in 2015. Methods: This was a database analysis. STEPS survey included consenting adults aged 18 to 69 years, living in Benin for at least 6 months prior to the survey. The participants were selected in households by a three-stage random sampling technique. The World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS instrument was used for data collection. After an individual interview with the participant at home, blood pressure was measured according to WHO recommendations. Pregnant women database was extracted for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression was done for associated factors identification. Results: A total of 2800 women (out of 5127 people) participated in the STEPS study of which 240 declared to be pregnant. The mean age was 28.9 ± 6.8 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 13.3%. Severe hypertension represented 2.9%. Hypertension during pregnancy was associated with primary school education level (compared to none, adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI [0.1 - 0.9], p = 0.042). No significant association was found with behavioral factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension during pregnancy is high in Benin. In-depth studies and targeted interventions for prevention should be implemented.

关键词： Hypertension Pregnancy Benin

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Microstructural, Chemical and Mineralogical Analyses for Understanding the Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soils

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2016年第6期4卷 305-319页

作者： Yvette Tankpinou Kiki nadia Saiyouri Victor gbaguidi Yannick Anguy Cécile Gaborieau Richard Fabre Institut de Mécanique et d’ Ingénierie (I2M) Université de Bordeaux Talence Cedex France Laboratoire d’ Energétique et de Mécanique Appliquée Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

This paper presents a study research in the laboratory of three clayey soils from the depression of the Lama, a tropical climate area where disorders appear on construction and roads. Samples were tested to establish the relationship between their mineralogy and their geotechnical properties. On the three clayey soils, analyses were performed to characterize the macroscopic behavior (physical tests, free swelling test and compressibility tests) and the microstructural, chemical and mineralogical characterizations by thermal analysis, chemical analysis, X-Ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy observations complementary X-ray EDS analyses. At first glance, the results of physical and compressibility tests appear not to be consistent with the free swelling test results. Indeed, these results highlighted differences in the behaviors of the samples because the swelling potential revealed by the results of physical and compressibility test does not follow the same trend as the one given by the free swelling test result. The main clay minerals in the studied clayey soils varied from fibrous clays (palygorskite) to best-known clays such as smectite and kaolinite. Microstructural, chemical and mineralogical analyses allowed to understand and explain the different trends obtained by the different types of geotechnical characterization tests of studied clayey soils.

关键词： Geotechnical Mineralogical Microstructural Free Swelling Index Smectite Palygorskite Clayey Soils

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