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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO gustavo graciolli Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William Douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Modularity and specialization in bat-fly interaction networks are remarkably consistent across patches within urbanized landscapes and spatial scales

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Current Zoology 2021年第4期67卷 403-410页

作者： gustavo Lima Urbieta gustavo graciolli Jeferson Vizentin-Bugoimi Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciencias Biológicas Departamento de Sistematica e EcologiaUniversidade Federal da ParaibaCidade Jardim Universitários/nCastelo BrancoJoão Pessoa 58051-900Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratorio de SistematicaEcologia e Evoluqao(LSEE)Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo Grande 79090-900Brazil Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Patterns of specialization and the structure of interactions between bats and ectoparasitic flies have been studied mostly on non-urban environments and at local ***,how anthropogenic disturbances influence species interactions and network structure in this system remain poorly ***,we investigated patterns of interaction between Phyllostomidae bats and ectoparasitic Streblidae flies,and variations in network specialization and structure across Cerrado patches within urbanized landscapes in Brazil and between local and regional *** found high similarity in the richness and composition of bat and fly species across communities,associated with low turnover of interactions between *** high specialization of bat-streblid interactions resulted in little connected and modular networks,with the emergence of modules containing subsets of species that interact exclusively or primarily with each *** similarities in species and interaction composition and network structure across communities and scales suggest that bat-fly interactions within Cerrado patches are little affected by the degree of human modification in the surrounding *** remarkable consistency is likely promoted by specific behaviors,the tolerance of Phyllostomidae bats to surrounding urbanized landscapes as well as by the specificity of the streblid-bat interactions shaped over evolutionary time.

关键词： Chiroptera ectoparasites host-parasite network neotropics Streblidae urbanization

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