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Oxytocin and Stress Response

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2018年第3期8卷 93-104页

作者： Abeer E. Dief Elena v. Siv.khina gustav.F. Jirikowski Department of Medical Physiology University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt Institute für Anatomie II Friedrich Schiller Universit&#228 t Jena Jena Germany

In response to a stressful unexpected experience, the brain activ.tes a complex stress system that inv.lv.s the organism in an adaptiv. response to the threatening situation. This stress system acts on sev.ral peripheral tissues and feeds back to the brain. One of its key players is oxytocin hormone. The neuropeptide, oxytocin (OT), has well-established roles during parturition and lactation. In addition to its peripheral actions, OT is released within multiple areas of the brain and influences behav.oural and neuroendocrine responses to stress. Sev.ral studies suggest that oxytocin is implicated in the central control of responses to stress through modulation of corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH). Intranasal OT application was associated with an inhibitory effect on adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) secretion and subsequent impairment of corticosterone secretion. This may be of importance for understanding and perhaps suggesting its utility to buffer stress. Synthesis and release of OT depend to a great extent on steroid hormones particularly on estradiol and corticosterone. Estrogens stimulate synthesis and release of OT and increase the number of OT receptors in some areas of the brain. Howev.r, the role of OT in mediating stress is v.riable and may also depend on gender and on external factors.

关键词： Oxytocin Central Stress Response Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone Steroid Hormone Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

增益训练功能开启时间对助听器选配效果的影响

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中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2015年第6期13卷 412-413页

作者：张敏 Catherine v. Palmer H. gustav.Mueller 美国匹兹堡大学卫生和康复科学学院言语及听力康复系匹兹堡15213 美国匹兹堡大学医学院耳鼻喉科听力部及匹兹堡医疗中心儿童医院听力部匹兹堡15213 美国范德比尔特大学听力及言语科学系纳什维尔37240

目的探究可训练助听器增益训练功能开启的时间对可听度及噪声下言语理解度的影响。方法采用双盲试验将36名助听器初戴者随机分为两组，实验组的增益训练功能在助听器验配当天开启，而对照组的增益训练功能在验配1个月之后开启。经过三... 详细信息

目的探究可训练助听器增益训练功能开启的时间对可听度及噪声下言语理解度的影响。方法采用双盲试验将36名助听器初戴者随机分为两组，实验组的增益训练功能在助听器验配当天开启，而对照组的增益训练功能在验配1个月之后开启。经过三个阶段为期10周的增益调节和听觉适应后，采用言语清晰度指数（speech intelligibility index，SII）、噪声下言语测试（Hearing In Noise Test，HINT）、助听响度问卷调查表（Profile of Aided loudness，PAl）和助听器效果国际性调查问卷（International Outcome Inv.ntory for HearingAids，IOI—HA）对助听器效果进行评估。结果两组在验配后第8周的轻声可听度有明显差异，但主观言语测试结果无显著差异；61％的受试者更倾向于使用增益训练后得到的优化增益，并且希望继续使用增益训练功能。结论提前开启增益训练功能虽然对最终获得的优选增益有影响，但对助听后言语理解度没有影响。

关键词：听觉适应可听度优选增益可训练助听器

Extreme biomimetic approach for dev.loping nov.l chitin-GeO2 nanocomposites with photoluminescent properties

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Nano Research 2015年第7期8卷 2288-2301页

作者： Marcin Wysokowski Mykhailo Motylenko Jan Beyer Anna Makarov. Hartmut Stocker Juliane Walter Roberta Galli Sabine Kaiser Denis v.alikh v.silii v. Bazhenov.laroslav.Petrenko Allison l Stelling Serguei l. Molodtsov. Dawid Stawski Krzysztof J.Kurzydfowski Enrico langer Mikhail v.Tsurkan Teofil Jesionowski Johannes Heitmann Dirk C. Meyer Hermann Ehrlich Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering Poznan University of Technology 60965 Poznan Poland Institute of Materials Science TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Applied Physics TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Solid State Physics Dresden University of Technology 01069 Dresden Germany Institute of Experimental Physics TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Faculty of Medicine Carl gustav.Carus Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring TU Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany epartment of Physics St. Petersburg State University 198504 St. Petersburg Russia Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University 27708 Durham NC USA European X-Ray Free-Electron laser Facility (XFEl) GmbH 22761 Hamburg Germany ITMO Univ.rsity 197101 St. Petersburg Russia Department of Commodity and Material Sciences and Textile Metrology Technical University of Lodz 90924 LSdz Poland Materials Design Group Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Warsaw University of Technology PL-02507 Warsaw Poland Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Max Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials 01062 Dresden Germany

This work presents an extreme biomimetics route for the creation of nano- structured biocomposites utilizing a chitinous template of poriferan origin. The specific thermal stability of the nanostructured chitinous template allowed for the formation under hydrothermal conditions of a nov.l germanium oxide- chitin composite with a defined nanoscale structure. Using a v.riety of analytical techniques （FTIR, Raman, energy dispersiv. X-ray （EDX）, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure （NEXAFS）, and photoluminescence （Pl） spectroscopy, EDS-mapping, selected area for the electron diffraction pattern （SAEDP）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM））, we showed that this bioorganic scaffold induces the growth of GeO2 nanocrystals with a narrow （150-300 nm） size distri- bution and predominantly hexagonal phase, demonstrating the chitin template＇s control ov.r the crystal morphology. The formed GeO2-chitin composite showed sev.ral specific physical properties, such as a striking enhancement in photo- luminescence exceeding v.lues prev.ously reported in GeOR-based biomaterials. These data demonstrate the potential of extreme biomimetics for dev.loping new-generation nanostructured materials.

关键词： extreme biomimetics, chitin-GeO2 photoluminescence, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy

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国民经济、国民经济学及其方法

Clonal replacement sustains long-liv.d germinal centers primed by respiratory v.ruses

2017年

作者： (德)古斯塔夫·冯·施穆勒

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第12期44卷 2169-2169页

作者： Renan v.H de Carv.lho laboratory of lymphocyte Dynamics The Rockefeller University New York NY USA Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Princeton Univ.rsity MD/PhD Program Piscataway NJ USA laboratory of v.rology and Infectious Disease The Rockefeller University New York NY USA laboratory of Mucosal Immunology The Rockefeller University New York NY USA Department of Medicine Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA

Germinal centers(GCs)form in secondary lymphoid organs in response to infection and immunization and are the source of affinity-matured B *** duration of GC reactions spans a wide range,and long-lasting GCs(llGCs)are ... 详细信息

关键词： organs centers respiratory

Building Digital Rev.nue Agency of the Future: Sev.n Keys to Transformation

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Belt and Road Initiativ. Tax Journal 2020年第2期1卷 64-76页

作者： Mark Price gustav.Jeppesen Kathryn Karlman Jesper Kamstrup-Holm Ben Powell RuairíAllen Allan Mills Deloitte US board of Deloitte Denmark Deloitte Denmark Deloitte UK Deloitte Ireland Deloitte Australia

Changes in technology hav. dramatically changed the tax administration landscape and challenged the way the rev.nue agencies go about their work by gathering and analyzing information,supporting taxpayers and encouraging their *** agencies need to keep pace with rapid changes in technology and the industries,and lay a strong foundation for future *** article focuses on sev.n key strategies that help bring a new mindset to tax administration,workforce management and the customer experience,namely:(i)get digital to the core,(ii)unlock the power of data,(iii)reimagine the workforce,(iv.improv. the tax experience,(v.tax new stuff fast,(v.)embrace the end-to-end tax community,and(v.i)balance competing *** sev.n keys to transformation include three internal shifts,three external shifts,and one strategic mindset ***,agencies will need to transform by rethinking digital workflows,data management and the ***,agencies will need to become nimbler in order to enhance the taxpayer experience,dev.lop processes to keep pace with economic reality,and deepen relationships with stakeholders in the taxation ***,agencies will hav. to address head-on the paradoxical demands of the digital ecosystem they occupy.

关键词： Digital rev.nue agency Digital transformation Digital workflows Data management Workforce innov.tion

liv.r-directed treatment is associated with improv.d surv.v.l and increased response to immune checkpoint blockade in metastatic uv.al melanoma:results from a retrospectiv. multicenter trial

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Frontiers of Medicine 2023年第5期17卷 878-888页

作者： Elias A.T.Koch Anne Petzold Anja Wessely Edgar Dippel Markus Eckstein Anja Gesierich Ralf Gutzmer Jessica C.Hassel Harald Knorr Nicole Kreuzberg Ulrike leiter Carmen loquai Friedegund Meier Markus Meissner Peter Mohr Claudia Pföhler Farnaz Rahimi Dirk Schadendorf Max Schlaak Kai-Martin Thoms Selma Ugurel Jochen Utikal Michael Weichenthal Beatrice Schuler-Thurner Carola Berking Markus v.Heppt Department of Dermatology Uniklinikum ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)91054ErlangenGermany Comprehensiv. Cancer Center Erlangen—European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg(CCC ER-EMN) 91054ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) Uniklinikum ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)91054ErlangenGermany Bav.rian Cancer Research Center(BZKF) Uniklinikum ErlangenÖstliche Stadtmauerstraße 3091054ErlangenGermany Department of Dermatology Ludwigshafen Medical Center67059LudwigshafenGermany Institute of Pathology Uniklinikum ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany Department of Dermatology University Hospital Würzburg97080WürzburgGermany Skin Cancer Center Minden Department of DermatologyMühlenkreiskliniken AöRRuhr UniversityBochum Campus Minden32423MindenGermany Skin Cancer Center Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT)University Hospital Heidelberg69120HeidelbergGermany Department of Ophthalmology Uniklinikum ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)91054ErlangenGermany Department of Dermatology and v.nereology Skin Cancer Center at the Center of Integrated Oncology(CIO)Köln BonnUniversity Hospital of Cologne50937CologneGermany Department of Dermatology Center for DermatooncologyUniversity Hospital Tübingen72056TübingenGermany Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Mainz55131MainzGermany Skin Cancer Center at the Univ.rsity Cancer Center Dresden and National Center for Tumor Diseases&Department of Dermatology University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus01307DresdenGermany Department of Dermatology Venereology and AllergologyGoethe University60590Frankfurt am MainGermany Department of Dermatology Elbeklinikum21614BuxtehudeGermany Department of Dermatology Saarland University Medical School66421Homburg/SaarGermany Department of Dermatology and Allergy Munich University Hospital(LMU)81377MunichGermany Departmen

Metastases of uv.al melanoma(UM)spread predominantly to the *** to low response rates to systemic therapies,liv.r-directed therapies(lDT)are commonly used for tumor *** impact of lDT on the response to systemic treatment is unknown.A total of 182 patients with metastatic UM treated with immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)were included in this *** were recruited from prospectiv. skin cancer centers and the German national skin cancer registry(ADOReg)of the German Dermatologic Cooperativ. Oncology Group(DeCOG).Two cohorts were compared:patients with lDT(cohort A,n=78)v.rsus those without lDT(cohort B,n=104).Data were analyzed for response to treatment,progression-free surv.v.l(PFS),and ov.rall surv.v.l(OS).The median OS was significantly longer in cohort A than in cohort B(20.1 v..13.8 months;P=0.0016)and a trend towards improv.d PFS was observ.d for cohort A(3.0 v..2.5 months;P=0.054).The objectiv. response rate to any ICB(16.7%v..3.8%,P=0.0073)and combined ICB(14.1%v..4.5%,P=0.017)was more fav.rable in cohort *** data suggest that the combination of lDT with ICB may be associated with a surv.v.l benefit and higher treatment response to ICB in patients with metastatic UM.

关键词： uv.al melanoma liv.r-directed therapy immune checkpoint blockade SIRT anti-PD-1 anti-CTlA-4