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Evaluation of Reproductive Characteristics of 21 Highly Inbred Lines of White Leghorns Divergently Selected for or Segregating in Tumor Resistance

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2015年第1期5卷 59-70页

作者： gururaj kulkarni Huanmin Zhang USDA Agriculture Research Service Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory East Lansing USA

Reproduction performance of 21 inbred experimental lines of White Leghorns was evaluated based on samples of reproduction records over a period of eight consecutive years. Two lines (63 and 72) have been extensively used in studies, especially in research seeking for genetic and epigenetic factors underlying resistance to avian tumor virus-induced diseases in chickens. The other 19 lines are recombinant congenic strains (RCS), which were generated by crossing lines 63 and 72 followed by two consecutive backcrosses to the line 63 and then full-sib mating. In theory, each RCS processes 7/8 of progenitor background line 63 genome and a random sample (1/8) of the progenitor donor line 72 genome. All 21 inbred lines share a common major histocompatibility complex haplotype, B*2. The estimated average fertility of the 21 inbred lines ranged from 72.9% (RCS-J) up to 96.8% (RCS-P). Both progenitor lines 63 and 72 were observed with lower average fertility (82.4% and 81.6%, respectively) in comparison with the RCS except the RCS-J, suggesting a substantial polygenic component underlying the fertility phenotype. The average embryo mortality rate ranged from 14.5% (RCS-P) up to 47.0% (RCS-M). The background line 63 fell at about the middle of the range (28.3%) significantly higher than the donor line 72 (15.7%), which was among the group with the lowest embryo mortality. By definition, hatchability of fertile eggs is reversely correlated with embryo mortality. The average hatchability ranged from 26.5% (RCS-M) up to 66.8% (line 72) while the background line 63 remained (46.6%) at about the middle of the range. The variability of the average embryo mortality and hatchability observed among the 21 inbred lines indicated the two correlated traits also follow polygenic models of inheritance. Findings from this study paves the way for further investigation on genetic and environmental influence over reproductive performance of inbred lines of chickens, and particularly in understan

关键词： White Leghorns Inbred Lines Recobinant Congenic Strains Fertility Embryo Mortality Hatchabiity Polygentic Inheritance

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Search of Novel Model for Integrative Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第3期20卷 170-178页

作者： Bhushan Patwardhan gururaj Mutalik Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Pune Former Director WHO Liaison Office New York

This article provides global and Indian scenario with strengths and limitations of present health care system. Affordability, accessibility and availability of health care coupled with disproportionate growth and double burden of diseases have become major concerns in India. This article emphasizes need for mindset change from illness-disease-drug centric curative to person-health-wellness centric preventive and promotive approaches. It highlights innovation deficit faced pharmaceutical industry and drugs being withdrawn from market for safety reasons. Medical pluralism is a growing trend and people are exploring various options including modern, traditional, complementary and alternative medicine. In such a situation, knowledge from Ayurveda, yoga, Chinese medicine and acupuncture may play an important role. We can evolve a suitable model by integrating modern and traditional systems of medicine for affordable health care. In the larger interest of global community, Indianand Chinese systems should share knowledge and experiences for mutual intellectual enrichments and work together to evolve a novel model of integrative medicine.

关键词： Ayurveda Chinese medicine integrative medicine healthcare

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The corrosion behavior of AZ31 alloy in chloride and sulfate media-A comparative study through electrochemical investigations

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2019年第1期7卷 98-112页

作者： M.gururaj Acharya A.Nityananda Shetty Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalSrinivasnagarMangaloreKarnataka 575025India

The magnesium alloys are considered to be the best structural materials,because of their advantageous weight to strength ***,the limitation in their real field applications lies on the fact that magnesium alloys are highly susceptible for *** corrosion behaviour of AZ31 alloy was investigated by electrochemical methods in sodium chloride and sodium sulphate of different concentrations at different *** corrosion rate was monitored by potentiodynamic polarization technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy *** surface morphology and surface composition of the freshly polished surface of the alloy was compared with that of the corroded surface by recording their SEM images and EDS,*** results showed that the corrosion rate of AZ31 alloy increased with the increase in the temperature of the medium and also with the increase in the salt concentration of the *** activation parameters for the corrosion process were calculated and interpreted.

关键词： AZ31 alloy Polarization techniques EIS SEM

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Cryogenic and conventional milling of AZ91 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2503-2519页

作者： Vikas Marakini Srinivasa Pai P gururaj Bolar Bhaskara P Achar Department of Mechanical Engineering Nitte(Deemed to be University)NMAM Institute of Technology(NMAMIT)Nitte 574110India Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India

Use of magnesium is the need of the hour due to its low density as well as its high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratio *** study focuses on the effectiveness of liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic machining on the surface integrity(SI)characteristics of AZ91 magnesium *** milling using uncoated carbide inserts have been performed under liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic condition and compared with conventional(dry)*** are performed using machining parameters in terms of cutting speeds of 325,475,625 m/min,feed rates of 0.05,0.1,0.15 mm/teeth and depth of cuts of 0.5,1,1.5 mm *** significant surface integrity characteristics such as surface roughness,microhardness,microstructure,and residual stresses have been *** of SI characteristics with respect to milling parameters have been identified using statistical technique such as ANOVA and signal-to-noise(S/N)ratio ***,the multi criteria decision making(MCDM)techniques such as additive ratio assessment method(ARAS)and complex proportional assessment(COPRAS)have been utilized to identify the optimal conditions for milling AZ91 magnesium alloy under both dry and cryogenic *** of LN_(2)during machining,resulted in reduction in machining temperature by upto 29%with a temperature drop from 251.2℃under dry condition to 178.5℃in cryogenic *** showed the advantage of performing cryogenic milling in improving the surface integrity to a significant *** machining considerably minimized the roughness by upto 28%and maximised the microhardness by upto 23%,when compared to dry *** speed has caused significant impact on surface roughness(95.33%-dry,92.92%-cryogenic)and surface microhardness(80.33%-dry,82.15%-cryogenic).Due to the reduction in machining temperature,cryogenic condition resulted in compressive residual stresses(maximumσ║=-113 MPa)on the alloy *** indicate no

关键词： Magnesium alloy Cryogenic machining Roughness Microhardness Microstructure Residual stress Multi criteria decision making

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Physiological Age Status of Female Adults and Off-Season Survival of Rice Leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in India

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Rice science 2015年第5期22卷 237-244页

作者： Padmavathi CHINTALAPATI Katti gururaj Sailaja VALLABUNI Prasad YENUMULAG Directorate of Rice Research Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture

Rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, is one of the major foliage feeders found in the rice growing regions in India. When the crop was at maturity, numerous adults of rice leaffolder were found in the rice fields though the larval population gradually decreased, and no eggs were found on rice leaves. The population characteristics of C. medinalis were assessed based on the physiological age status of adults at different crop growth stages. Based on egg development within ovarioles, ovariole appearance number and colour of fat bodies, and characteristics of bursa copulatrix, physiological age status of the adults was described, which served as a basis for the determination of age composition. C. medinalis adults were found during the first week of August on rice plants, of which 44% were in Age 0 with immature ovaries, indicating immigrants. However, 28% adults each were at Ages 1-2 with developing ovaries, indicating local breeding population. The carryover and off-season survival of C. medinalis were also studied to determine the contribution of the alternative hosts in the population growth that helped in devising efficient management strategies. Rice was the most preferred host followed by Triticum aestivum, Echinochloa crusgulli and Brachiaria plantaginea. Various routes of the carryover of C. medinalis from season to season were discussed.

关键词： rice leaffolder physiological age carryover off-season survival alternative host ovariole weed

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Hollow silica reinforced magnesium nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and biological properties with computational modeling analysis for mandibular reconstruction

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International Journal of Oral Science 2020年第4期12卷 298-308页

作者： Somasundaram Prasadh Vyasaraj Manakari gururaj Parande Raymond Chung Wen Wong Manoj Gupta Faculty of Dentistry National University of Singapore9 Lower Kent Ridge RoadSingaporeSingapore Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1SingaporeSingapore

The present study investigates Mg-SiO2 nanocomposites as biodegradable implants for orthopedic and maxillofacial *** effect of presence and progressive addition of hollow silica nanoparticles(0.5,1,and 1.5)vol.%on the microstructural,mechanical,degradation,and biocompatibility response of pure Mg were *** suggest that the increased addition of hollow silica nanoparticles resulted in a progressive increase in yield strength and ultimate compressive strength with Mg-1.5 vol.%SiO2 exhibiting superior *** response of Mg-SiO2 nanocomposites under the influence of Hanks’balanced salt solution revealed that the synthesized composites revealed lower corrosion rates,indicating rapid dynamic passivation when compared with pure ***,cell adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast cells were noticeably higher than pure Mg with the addition of 1 vol.%SiO2 *** biocompatibility and the in vitro biodegradation of the Mg-SiO2 nanocomposites were influenced by the SiO2 content in pure Mg with Mg-0.5 vol.%SiO2 nanocomposite exhibiting the best corrosion resistance and biocompatibility when compared with other *** in mechanical,corrosion,and biocompatibility characteristics of Mg-SiO2 nanocomposites developed in this study are also compared with properties of other metallic biomaterials used in alloplastic mandibular reconstruction in a computational model.

关键词： corrosion magnesium properties

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Evaluation of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Institutionalized Orphan Children

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2021年第4期7卷 117-122页

作者： KL Girish Babu gururaj Hebbar Kavyashree Department of Dentistry Hassan Institute of Medical SciencesHassanKarnatakaIndia

Introduction:Children residing in orphanages are a disadvantaged section of the *** care can impair the quality of life of orphan ***:The aim of this study was to assess the oral health-related quality of life and dental caries status among institutionalized orphan *** and Methods:Children without parents,aged 6-14 years,were selected from government-run *** who were willing to participate were *** on oral health-related quality of life were collected by personal interviews by a single ***,intraoral examination of each child was carried out in an adequate natural light using a sterilized mouth mirror and *** caries was assessed according to the World Health Organization *** data obtained were subjected to statistical ***:The Decayed,Missed and Filled teeth(DMFT)score of males was 0.41士0.86 and females was 0.97士1.44,and the difference was statistically *** mean of oral symptoms,functional limitation,emotional well-being,and social well-being was 26.49±4.48,37.75士3.63,33.31±4.1&and 47.92士3.37,***:The prevalence of dental caries was low among these orphan *** quality of life of these children was not affected by their dental caries status.

关键词： Dental caries oral health related quality of life orphans

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Using lanthanum to enhance the overall ignition, hardness, tensile and compressive strengths of Mg-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2017年第7期35卷 723-732页

作者： Ganesh Kumar Meenashisundaram Tiong Hou Damien Ong gururaj Parande Vyasaraj Manakari 向抒林 Manoj Gupta Singapore Institute of Manufacturing and Technology 73 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637662 Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore - 117576 Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001 China

Near dense Mg 0.5 wt.% Zr（0,1,2.5 and 4） wt.% La alloys were successfully synthesized by disintegrated melt deposition technique followed by hot extrusion and were characterized for their microstructural, ignition, hardness, tensile and compression properties. Combined effects of Zr and La assisted in significant grain refinement of Mg and Mg 0.5 wt.% Zr 4 wt.% La exhibited an average grain size as low as ~2.75 μm. High ignition temperature of ~645 oC was realized with Mg 0.5 wt.% Zr（1,2.5 and 4） wt.% La alloys. Microhardness value as high as ~103 Hv was observed with Mg 0.5 wt.% Zr 4 wt.% La alloy. Under room temperature tensile and compression loading, significant improvements in the strength properties of pure Mg with the addition of 0.5 wt.% Zr（0, 1, 2.5 and 4） wt.% La was observed. Mg 0.5 wt.% Zr 4 wt.% La exhibited the maximum 0.2% tensile and compression yield strengths of ~283 MPa and ~264 MPa, respectively. The tensile and compression fracture strain values of synthesized pure Mg were found to be unaffected with the addition of 0.5 wt.% Zr. But the tensile fracture strain reduced with the addition of La while the compressive fracture strain was unaffected. Minimal tensile-compression asymmetry（~1） was exhibited by Mg 0.5 wt.% Zr（1 and 2.5） wt.% La alloys.

关键词： Mg-Zr-La alloy ignition microhardness tensile properties compression properties tensile-compression asymmetry rare earths

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Audiovisual speech recognition based on a deep convolutional neural network

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Data Science and Management 2024年第1期7卷 25-34页

作者： Shashidhar Rudregowda Sudarshan Patilkulkarni Vinayakumar Ravi gururaj H.L. Moez Krichen Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JSS Science and Technology UniversityMysuru570006India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobar34754Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Manipal Institute of Technology BengaluruManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal560064India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology(FCSIT)Al-Baha UniversityAlaqiq65779-7738Saudi Arabia ReDCAD Laboratory University of SfaxSfax3038Tunisia

Audiovisual speech recognition is an emerging research *** is the recognition of what someone is saying using visual information,primarily lip *** this study,we created a custom dataset for Indian English linguistics and categorized it into three main categories:(1)audio recognition,(2)visual feature extraction,and(3)combined audio and visual *** features were extracted using the mel-frequency cepstral coefficient,and classification was performed using a one-dimension convolutional neural *** feature extraction uses Dlib and then classifies visual speech using a long short-term memory type of recurrent neural ***,integration was performed using a deep convolutional *** audio speech of Indian English was successfully recognized with accuracies of 93.67%and 91.53%,respectively,using testing data from 200 *** training accuracy for visual speech recognition using the Indian English dataset was 77.48%and the test accuracy was 76.19%using 60 *** integration,the accuracies of audiovisual speech recognition using the Indian English dataset for training and testing were 94.67%and 91.75%,respectively.

关键词： Audiovisual speech recognition,Custom dataset 1D Convolution neural network(CNN) Deep CNN(DCNN) Long short-term memory(LSTM) Lipreading Dlib Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient(MFCC)

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Prospective randomized study correlating intra-operative urethral mucosal injury with early period after transurethral resection of the prostate stricture urethra: A novel concept

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 466-472页

作者： Suresh B.Patankar Mayur M.Narkhede gururaj Padasalagi Kashinath Thakare Department of Urology Ace HospitalPuneASP Medical FoundationSripad Medisearch PVT LTDIndia

Objective:To investigate the incidence of urethral stricture during the early period after transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)and correlate its incidence with intra-operative urethral mucosal injury during *** to compare the other established risk factors affecting the development of urethral stricture among patients undergoing monopolar or bipolar TURP over a period of 6 months follow-up as the prospective randomized ***:One hundred and fifty men older than 50 years with lower-urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomized to undergo either standard monopolar TURP with glycine as the irrigation fluid or bipolar TURP with normal saline as *** prostate size,operative time,intra-operative mucosal rupture,catheter time,catheter traction duration,uroflowmetry,and post-operative stricture rate were ***:A total of 150 patients underwent TURP,including 74 patients undergoing monopolar TURP(one patient was excluded as his post-operative histopathological examination report was of adenocarcinoma prostate)and 75 patients undergoing bipolar-TURP,all of which were performed using a 26 Fr sheath *** mean International Prostate Symptom Score and maximum urinary flow rate score at post-operative 3 months and 6 months were comparable between the *** of 149 patients,nine patients(6.0%)developed urethral *** severity of the injury(urethral mucosal injury)correlated with the likelihood of developing a subsequent complication(stricture urethra).Patients with stricture had significantly larger prostate volume than patients without stricture(65.0 mL vs.50.0 mL;p=0.030).Patients with stricture had longer operative time than patients without stricture(55.0 min vs.40.0 min;p=0.002).In both procedures,formation of post-operative stricture urethra was independently associated with intra-operative mucosal ***:Intra-operative recognition of urethral mucosal injury hel

关键词： Urethral stricture Transurethral resection of the prostate Mucosal injury Risk factor

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