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南亚热带酸雨地区陆地生态系统植被、土壤与地表水现状的研究

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生态学杂志 2000年第5期19卷 11-18页

作者：温达志周国逸孔国辉郁梦德中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650

Some possible effects involved with acid rain on plants,soils, surface waters of three selected subtropical terrestrial ecosystems in southern China,were revealed in this paper. The content of total C in layer A ranged from 2.35%(Masson pine forest in Baiyunshan) to 5.33% (monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dinghushan), with medium values of 2.75% (Mixed pine forest in Heshan), and 3.87% (Masson pine in Dinghushan). The C/N ratio was low,at around 12.0 in layer A,and declined with the soil depth. The low content of total-C and total-N,as well as the C/N ratio indicated that the organic matter was decomposed well,due to the warm and rainy subtropical climate. The base cation saturation(BS) was less than 10% in all sample layers of the three sites,except one case that the BS in layer A of the Mixed pine forest in Heshan was 12.9%, showing that the soil acidification occurred to some extent. The high values of aluminum saturation(AlS) of all the three sample sites suggested that this high content of aluminum in soils was possibly associated with the input of atmospheric S and N, most likely led to the acidification of soil and soil water. The effective cation exchange capacity(CEC E) was high in these soils relative to the organic matter content, ranged from 41.6 to 78.9 meq·kg -1 in layer A, and 22.5 to 54.6 meq·kg -1 in the layer AB/B. The pH value of the surface water was lower (4.27) in a monsoon forest catchment, which was located very close to the Qingyun temple,a site associated with joss sticks and candles burning,compared with the surface water from the sky lake(pH=6.54), situated far away from the temple, and surface waters from Heshan (pH=6.91) and Baiyunshan (pH = 7.10). The mean F m/F v ratio ranges from 0.79 to 0.83,with relative smaller variations between species (Pinus massoniana and Cunnighamia lanceolata), than among different sample sites. The Ca/Al ratio differed with sample site, species, and the needle age, with the range of 57.5 (Dinghushan

关键词：酸雨地区陆地生态系统植被土壤土表水

用灰色关联法分析森林生态系统植被状况对地表径流系数的影响

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应用与环境生物学报 2000年第3期6卷 197-200页

作者：闫俊华周国逸申卫军中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650

运用灰色关联法对南亚热带鹤山丘陵试验站 4种森林生态系统植被状况影响地表径流系数进行了定量分析 .结果表明 :对于本文所选取的植被状况参数对地表径流系数影响的大小顺序是 :枯落叶层厚度 >草本层盖度 >灌木层盖度 >乔木层盖度 >林... 详细信息

运用灰色关联法对南亚热带鹤山丘陵试验站 4种森林生态系统植被状况影响地表径流系数进行了定量分析 .结果表明 :对于本文所选取的植被状况参数对地表径流系数影响的大小顺序是 :枯落叶层厚度 >草本层盖度 >灌木层盖度 >乔木层盖度 >林分高 ;4种森林生态系统的植被状况对地表径流系数的影响 ,马占相思林最大 ,平权关联度与非平权灰关联度分别为 0 .782和 0 .76 6 ;林果苗系统最小 ,平权关联度与非平权灰关联度分别为 0 .5 32和 0 .5 35 ,显示马占相思林生态水文功能的主要地位 .表 4参

关键词：灰色关联森林生态系统植被状况地表径流系统

南亚热带森林演替过程中小气候的改变及对气候变化的响应

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生态学报 2014年第10期34卷 2755-2764页

作者：刘效东周国逸陈修治张德强张倩媚中国科学院华南植物园广州510650 中国科学院大学北京100049

区域水热格局变化和系统演替深刻影响森林内部小气候,不同演替阶段森林内部水热环境对气候变化的响应和反馈作用有待进一步认识和评估。以南亚热带地区的3种不同演替阶段代表性森林生态系统统(人工恢复的马尾松针叶林(Pinus massoniana ... 详细信息

区域水热格局变化和系统演替深刻影响森林内部小气候,不同演替阶段森林内部水热环境对气候变化的响应和反馈作用有待进一步认识和评估。以南亚热带地区的3种不同演替阶段代表性森林生态系统统(人工恢复的马尾松针叶林(Pinus massoniana coniferous forest,PF)、马尾松针阔叶混交林(mixed Pinus massoniana/broad-leaved forest,MF)和季风常绿阔叶林(monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest,MEBF))为研究对象,通过分析其林内小气候林型间差异以及时间序列上的动态变化,探讨森林系统内部水热环境的改变机理。结果表明:演替驱动下,随着PF→MF→MEBF的正向发展,林内温度条件如气温、土壤温度逐渐降低,林内相对湿度、土壤层及凋落物含水量等水分状况逐步升高。不同林型在"雨热同期"的南亚热带地区其"降温效应"有差,演替初期的PF干、湿季"降温效应"分别为7.9%和3.6%,中期MF分别为11.6%和6.4%,顶级群落MEBF干、湿季"降温效应"可达15.7%和10.5%。总体上,随演替"降温增湿"效应越来越显著,且"降温"表现为干季更明显,而"增湿"表现为湿季明显。此外,演替驱动下后期森林对高温及土壤温度的调节作用更为突出。时间序列上,区域降水趋于"极端化"的格局影响下,森林生态系统的水分固持能力下降。主要表现为:自1984年以来,3种林型0—50cm土壤含水量均呈显著降低的趋势(PMEBF>PF,干季为MEBF>MF>PF。虽然研究期间3种林型林内气温、土壤温度无明显趋势性变化,但顶级群落MEBF林内相对湿度(P=0.021)、凋落物自然状态下含水量(P=0.003)在年际尺度上均呈现显著下降的趋势。与土壤含水量干、湿季下降速率的格局一致,二者也均为湿季大于干季。研究认为,成熟森林可能在当前南亚热带区域气候变化及水热格局改变背景影响下更为敏感和脆弱。

关键词：鼎湖山小气候水热环境森林演替气候变化

Excessive nitrogen supply accelerates decline of old-growth forest by actuating Phosphorus limitation

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Excessive nitrogen supply accelerates decline of old-growth ...

^(14)C measurement of forest soils in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

中国植物学会七十五周年年会

作者： guoyi zhou Deqiang Zhang Xuli Tang Junhua Yan Juxiu Liu Shizhong Liu Guowei Chu Yuhui Huang (South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China)

Slow decline of forest productivity occurs in old-growth *** hypotheses have been proposed to explain the universal phenomenon but none is ***,what would

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第3期44卷 251-256页

作者： SHEN Chengde , LIU Dongsheng (LIU Tungsheng) , PENG Shaolin, SUN Yanmin , JIANG Mantao , Yl Weixi , XING Changping , GAO Quanzhou , LI Zhi’an and zhou guoyi Guangzhou Institute of Geochemisry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100029, China South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China Guannzhou Institute of Geochemisry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guanazhou China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China South China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

Organic carbon in forest soils of Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles can be divided into fast and slow components. Δ14C values of these profiles decrease with increasing of depth. The Δ14C values in 30—40 cm depth interval of Wukesong profile are decreasing sharply until a very low value,showing that a strong geological environment change occurred about 1 560 years ago. The 14C apparent ages of Wukesong profile show that the coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests around Wukesong profile have been developing since 425 a BP, which is consistent with historical documents. The penetrating depths of "bomb 14C" in Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles are 10 and 20 cm, respectively.

关键词： Dinghushan forest soil 14C tracing 14C apparent age.

Remote Sensing Indices to Measure the Seasonal Dynamics of Photosynthesis in a Southern China Subtropical Evergreen Forest

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2019年第2期10卷 112-126页

作者： SUN Leigang WANG Shaoqiang Robert A.MICKLER CHEN Jinghua YU Quanzhou QIAN Zhaohui zhou guoyi MENG Ze Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application Institute of Geographical SciencesHebei Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050011China School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA School of Environment and Planning Liaocheng UniversityLiaochengShandong 252059China South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

The accurate measurement of the dynamics of photosynthesis in China’s subtropical evergreen forest ecosystems is an important contribution to carbon(C) sink estimates in global terrestrial ecosystems and their responses to climate change. Eddy covariance has historically been the only direct method to assess C flux of whole ecosystems with high temporal resolution, but it suffers from limited spatial resolution. During the last decade, continuous global monitoring of plant primary productivity from spectroradiometer sensors on flux towers and satellites has extended the temporal and spatial coverage of C flux observations. In this study, we evaluated the performance of two physiological remote sensing indices, fluorescence reflectance index(FRI) and photochemical reflectance index(PRI), to measure the seasonal variations of photosynthesis in a subtropical evergreen forest ecosystem using continuous canopy spectral and flux measurements in the Dinghushan Nature Reserve in southern *** more commonly used NDVI has been shown to be saturated and mainly affected by illumination(R^2=0.88, p <0.001), but FRI and PRI could better track the seasonal dynamics of plant photosynthetic functioning by comparison and are less affected by illumination(R^2=0.13 and R^2=0.51, respectively) at the seasonal scale. FRI correlated better with daily gross primary production(GPP) in the morning hours than in the afternoon hours, in contrast to PRI which correlated better with light-use efficiency(LUE) in the afternoon hours. Both FRI and PRI could show greater correlations with GPP and LUE respectively in the senescence season than in the recovery-growth season. When incident PAR was taken into account, the relationship between GPP and FRI was improved and the correlation coefficient increased from 0.22 to 0.69(p < 0.001). The strength of the correlation increased significantly in the senescence season(R^2=0.79, p < 0.001). Our results demonstrate the application of FRI and PRI as ph

关键词： fluorescence reflectance index(FRI) photochemical reflectance index(PRI) photosynthesis gross primary productivity(GPP) light-use efficiency(LUE) subtropical evergreen forest

鼎湖山3种不同演替阶段森林凋落物的持水特性

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林业科学 2013年第9期49卷 8-15页

作者：刘效东乔玉娜周国逸肖崟张德强中国科学院华南植物园广州510650 中国科学院大学北京100049

研究鼎湖山自然保护区内处于演替前期的马尾松针叶林（PF）、处于演替中期的马尾松针阔混交林（MF）和处于演替顶极阶段的季风常绿阔叶林（MEBF）3种群落的凋落物及其不同分解层的现存量、持水量、持水速率和持水率。结果表明：凋落物... 详细信息

研究鼎湖山自然保护区内处于演替前期的马尾松针叶林（PF）、处于演替中期的马尾松针阔混交林（MF）和处于演替顶极阶段的季风常绿阔叶林（MEBF）3种群落的凋落物及其不同分解层的现存量、持水量、持水速率和持水率。结果表明：凋落物现存量表现为PF（21．96t·hm^-2）〉MF（14．59t·hm^-2）〉MEBF（10．40t·hm^-2），顶极群落MEBF凋落物现存量最小；3种群落凋落物最大持水量为13．68～50．10t·hm^-2，持水深表现为PF（5．0mm）〉MF（2．8mm）〉MEBF（1．4mm）；PF凋落物已分解层持水量占凋落物持水总量比重大（44．3％），而MEBF已分解层的贡献仅为16．7％；凋落物及其各分解层的持水量均随浸水时间呈对数关系增加，其截持水过程主要发生在0．5～2h内，0．5h内平均持水速率表现为PF（4．35mm·h^-2）〉MF（2．22mm·h^-2）〉MEBF（1．19mm·h^-2），均随浸水时间的增加按幂函数方程降低；凋落物最大持水率表现为PF（306．3％）〉MF（289．0％）〉MEBF（239．3％），且伴随PF—MF—MEBF的演替，半分解层及已分解层凋落物的持水率即持水能力明显降低；演替早期PF凋落物具有较高的降水截留能力，尤其是其凋落物的已分解层，而后期MEBF凋落物未分解层对整体截留能力贡献大。

关键词：鼎湖山森林演替凋落物持水量持水特性水文效益

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五轴联动圆弧非线性插补算法及其软件实现

机床与液压 2010年第9期38卷 21-25,124页

作者：孙友生谢明红周国义刘仁中华侨大学机电及自动化学院福建泉州362021

以具有A、C旋转轴的刀具双摆动五轴机床为例,提出五轴联动数控机床的空间圆弧非线性时间分割插补算法。详细研究五轴联动中的平动和旋转运动的联动原理,利用齐次变换矩阵求取圆弧插补点的空间坐标。通过插补点的空间坐标,逆求出刀轴的... 详细信息

以具有A、C旋转轴的刀具双摆动五轴机床为例,提出五轴联动数控机床的空间圆弧非线性时间分割插补算法。详细研究五轴联动中的平动和旋转运动的联动原理,利用齐次变换矩阵求取圆弧插补点的空间坐标。通过插补点的空间坐标,逆求出刀轴的旋转量,进而求取转角补偿位移,并将其叠加至平动位移上,在每一个插补步骤中进行补偿,从而实现空间圆弧的时间分割插补算法。最后利用VisualC++6.0编写该算法的仿真软件,验证该插补算法的正确性。五轴联动圆弧非线性插补算法适用于五轴联动数控机床中任意空间圆弧的插补。该算法计算简单,结果精确,刀具移动平稳。

关键词：五轴联动齐次变换矩阵时间分割法空间圆弧插补

不同磷肥背景下糖原对红壤细菌群落结构的影响

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应用与环境生物学报 2023年第3期29卷 704-710页

作者：陈雅倩罗静仪徐江兵王艳玲周国逸南京信息工程大学应用气象学院江苏省农业气象重点实验室生态研究院南京210044

前期研究表明糖原能提高缺磷土壤中微生物的代谢活性,但缺磷土壤中不同磷肥条件下微生物群落对糖原的响应机制目前尚不清楚.以红壤为研究对象,采用温室盆栽方式研究在不施磷肥、施用磷酸二氢钾、施用钙镁磷肥背景下添加糖原对生菜(Lactu... 详细信息

前期研究表明糖原能提高缺磷土壤中微生物的代谢活性,但缺磷土壤中不同磷肥条件下微生物群落对糖原的响应机制目前尚不清楚.以红壤为研究对象,采用温室盆栽方式研究在不施磷肥、施用磷酸二氢钾、施用钙镁磷肥背景下添加糖原对生菜(Lactuca sativa L.)地上生物量、土壤速效磷及土壤细菌群落的影响.结果表明,无磷肥背景下,添加糖原使生菜地上生物量增加了140%、土壤有效磷含量增加了20%,并显著提高了土壤细菌群落的多样性;在施用磷肥条件下,糖原均降低地上生物量以及细菌群落多样性,且在钙镁磷肥背景下差异达到显著.在细菌群落组成及预测功能上,无磷肥时加入糖原显著增加土壤中变形菌门中Rhodanobacter和Bradyrhizobium的比例,提高了能量代谢及氨基酸代谢基因的相对丰度;在钙镁磷肥背景下,添加糖原显著降低了放线菌门中Conexibacte和Acidothermus比例,以及氮代谢基因的相对丰度;在磷酸二氢钾背景下,糖原对细菌群落组成和多样性的影响不显著.本研究表明不施磷肥时糖原对植物生长及细菌群落多样性具有促进作用,可提升土壤质量;在磷肥特别是枸溶性磷肥存在时,糖原会对植物生长及微生物群落多样性产生负面影响.

关键词：细菌群落组成糖原红壤速效磷功能预测