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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1491-1508页

作者： LV Jiayang WANG Chizhong CHEN Heng PAN Peiyuan XU Gang zhang guoqiang School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

In order to reduce the environmental impact of conventional sludge treatment methods and to utilize the energy in sludge more effectively,a coupled system based on sewage sludge gasifier(SSG),solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC),supercritical CO_(2)cycle(S-CO_(2)),and organic Rankine cycle(ORC)is *** clean syngas obtained from sludge gasification is mixed with CH4 and then first utilized by the fuel *** exhaust gas from the fuel cell is fully combusted in the afterburning chamber and then enters the bottom cycle system consisting of S-CO_(2)&ORC to generate *** understand the performance of the system,thermodynamic and economic analyses were conducted to examine the project's *** thermodynamics as well as the economics of the coupled system were analyzed to arrive at the following conclusions,the power production of the system is 37.34 MW;the exergy efficiency is 55.62%,and the net electrical efficiency is 61.48%.The main exergy destruction is the gasifier and SOFC,accounting for 62.45%of the total exergy *** takes only6.13 years to repay the construction investment in the novel system,and the project obtains a NPV of 17723820USD during 20 years *** above findings indicate that the new coupled system has a better performance in terms of energy utilization and economy.

关键词： sewage sludge gasifier SOFC supercritical CO_(2)cycle organic Rankine cycle multi-system coupling

Spi1 regulates the microglial/macrophage inflammatory response via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 161-170页

作者： guoqiang zhang Jianan Lu Jingwei Zheng Shuhao Mei Huaming Li Xiaotao zhang An Ping Shiqi Gao Yuanjian Fang Jun Yu Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huashan Hospital of Fudan University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that microglia and macrophages participate in a multiphasic brain damage repair process following intracerebral *** E26 transformation-specific sequence-related transcription factor Spi1 regulates microglial/macrophage commitment and ***,the effect of Spi1 on intracerebral hemorrhage remains *** this study,we found that Spi1 may regulate recovery from the neuroinflammation and neurofunctional damage caused by intracerebral hemorrhage by modulating the microglial/macrophage *** showed that high Spi1expression in microglia/macrophages after intracerebral hemorrhage is associated with the activation of many pathways that promote phagocytosis,glycolysis,and autophagy,as well as debris clearance and sustained ***,microglia with higher levels of Soil expression were chara cterized by activation of pathways associated with a variety of hemorrhage-related cellular processes,such as complement activation,angiogenesis,and *** conclusion,our results suggest that Spi1 plays a vital role in the microglial/macrophage inflammatory response following intracerebral *** new insight into the regulation of Spi1 and its target genes may advance our understanding of neuroinflammation in intracerebral hemorrhage and provide therapeutic targets for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

关键词： intracerebral hemorrhage macrophage microglia neuroinflammation phagocytosis PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway Spi1 transcriptomics

The Chinese guideline for management of snakebites

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第5期15卷 333-355页

作者： Rongde Lai Shijiao Yan Shijun Wang Shuqing Yang zhangren Yan Pin Lan Yonggao Wang Qi Li Jinlong Wang Wei Wang Yuefeng Ma Zijing Liang Jianfeng zhang Ning Zhou Xiaotong Han Xinchao zhang Mao zhang Xiaodong Zhao guoqiang zhang Huadong Zhu Xuezhong Yu Chuanzhu Lyu Emergency Department the First Affi liated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120China School of Public Health Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199China Surgery Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine the Affi liated People’s Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350004China Emergency Department Chongqing University Central Hospital/Chongqing Emergency Medical CenterChongqing 400014China Department of Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affi liated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330006China Department of Emergency Medicine the Fifth Affi liated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central HospitalLishui Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityLishui 323000China General Surgery Department the First Affi liated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310006China Emergency Department Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001China Emergency Department Chongqing University Fuling HospitalChongqing UniversityChongqing 408000China Emergency Department the First Affi liated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021China Emergency Department the Second Affi liated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Emergency Department Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021China Emergency Department Central People's Hospital of ZhanjiangZhanjiang 524037China Emergency Department Hunan Provincial People's HospitalChangsha 410005China Emergency Department National Geriatrics Center of Beijing HospitalBeijing 100020China Emergency Department the Fourth Medical Center of the PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China Emergency Department China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Emergency Department Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeiJing 100730China Emergency Department Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences/Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengdu 610072China Research Unit of Island Emergency

In 2009,the World Health Organization included snakebite on the list of neglected tropical diseases,acknowledging it as a common occupational hazard for farmers,plantation workers,and others,causing tens of thousands of deaths and chronic physical disabilities every *** guideline aims to provide practical information to help clinical professionals evaluate and treat snakebite *** recommendations are based on clinical experience and clinical research *** guideline focuses on the following topics:snake venom,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination,diagnosis,treatments,and prevention.

关键词： Snakebite Envenomation Management Prevention

资源融合分配的洋葱路由网络用户守卫节点操纵

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清华大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第8期64卷 1293-1305页

作者：张国强徐明伟清华大学计算机科学与技术系北京100084 清华大学网络科学与网络空间研究院北京100084

第二代洋葱路由网络(the second-generation onion router,Tor)面临流量分析去匿名化威胁,分析用户流量获取成本是评估其威胁程度的重要内容。然而,现有的用户流量获取方法较少研究费效比问题。Tor客户端构建匿名通信路径时使用的守卫节... 详细信息

第二代洋葱路由网络(the second-generation onion router,Tor)面临流量分析去匿名化威胁,分析用户流量获取成本是评估其威胁程度的重要内容。然而,现有的用户流量获取方法较少研究费效比问题。Tor客户端构建匿名通信路径时使用的守卫节点,是敌手获取用户流量的重要途径。该文针对守卫节点操纵,提出一种资源融合分配的成本优化模型:P-Group(push and pull guards through optimized resource portfolios)模型,并在此基础上进行流量分析威胁评估。P-Group模型统筹分配守卫节点操纵过程中部署可控节点和拥塞非可控节点所需的资源。同时,通过排队论方法对拥塞非可控节点的过程进行建模,利用改进的流偏移技术统筹拥塞攻击资源总量与非可控节点带宽容量以提升资源分配效益。实验结果表明:P-Group模型能够有效降低费效比;相比于简单在部署和拥塞节点间平分带宽,该模型将资源分配效益提升了20.5%;相比于传统攻击流量分配算法,其部署的可控节点中选率提升了15%;敌手操纵用户流量从非可控节点迁移到可控节点的平均成本约为数百美元。这表明用户流量获取具有成本可行性,Tor流量分析构成现实威胁。

关键词：第二代洋葱路由网络守卫节点带宽消耗流偏移

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基于局部皮肤温度的床上微环境控制策略

湖南大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第5期51卷 207-216页

作者：宋鸽艾正涛张国强湖南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410082 国家建筑安全与环境国际联合研究中心(湖南大学) 湖南长沙410082

通风床垫被设计成通过位于脚部附近的通风口抽走床上微环境的污染空气以达到源头控制污染物的目的.实验研究发现通风床垫的使用有造成局部冷不适的风险,同时使用通风床垫和局部加热装置,并根据受试者反馈实时调控,可以解决冷不适问题,... 详细信息

通风床垫被设计成通过位于脚部附近的通风口抽走床上微环境的污染空气以达到源头控制污染物的目的.实验研究发现通风床垫的使用有造成局部冷不适的风险,同时使用通风床垫和局部加热装置,并根据受试者反馈实时调控,可以解决冷不适问题,并满足不同用户的热微环境需求.为了探究通风床垫耦合局部加热装置基于局部皮肤温度的自动控制潜力,对比了30名受试者在室温下清醒地躺在通风床垫上时前额、右肩胛骨、左上胸、右上臂、左下臂、左手、右大腿前侧、左小腿后侧、右脚背、左脚背10个部位的皮肤温度和总体、面部、额头、颈部、胸部、背部、手臂、手、大腿、小腿、脚的热可接受度.结果显示:女性的局部皮肤温度与男性相比普遍较低,而可接受度较高.高斯回归模型可以计算出每个部位最佳皮肤温度区间,结合各部位的可接受度关联矩阵结果及通风床垫及局部加热的控制潜力,最终选取脚部、手部和背部的皮肤温度以实现床上微环境的个性化自动控制.本研究提供了通风床垫基于局部皮肤温度的自动控制潜力研究的新思路和建议,可以为床上微环境的优化和改善提供一定参考.

关键词：床上微环境通风床垫皮肤温度可接受度高斯回归

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Multi-layer phenomena in petawatt laser-driven acceleration of heavy ions

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 70-76页

作者：苏琬晴曹喜光马春旺王玉廷张国强 College of Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007People's Republic of China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210People's Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800People's Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049People's Republic of China Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Henan Academy of ScienceZhengzhou 450046People's Republic of China

Laser-accelerated high-flux-intensity heavy-ion beams are important for new types of accelerators.A particle-in-cell program(Smilei) is employed to simulate the entire process of Station of Extreme Light(SEL) 100 PW laser-accelerated heavy particles using different nanoscale short targets with a thickness of 100 nm Cr, Fe, Ag, Ta, Au, Pb, Th and U, as well as 200 nm thick Al and Ca. An obvious stratification is observed in the simulation. The layering phenomenon is a hybrid acceleration mechanism reflecting target normal sheath acceleration and radiation pressure acceleration, and this phenomenon is understood from the simulated energy spectrum,ionization and spatial electric field distribution. According to the stratification, it is suggested that high-quality heavy-ion beams could be expected for fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy nuclei. Two plasma clusters in the stratification are observed simultaneously, which suggest new techniques for plasma experiments as well as thinner metal targets in the precision machining process.

关键词： petawatt laser-plasma interaction laser-driven heavy-ion accelerator for synthesizing superheavy nuclei particle-in-cell multi-layer phenomena target fabrication

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缺陷二维材料强度

科学通报 2024年第22期69卷 3222-3237页

作者：张国强覃华松刘益伦西安交通大学航天航空学院多尺度力学-医学交叉实验室西安710049

材料失效是固体力学关心的核心问题之一,强度准则是描述材料失效的重要工具.二维材料如石墨烯、六方氮化硼、过渡金属二硫化物等具有优越的力学性能,在能源环境、电子信息、航空航天、纳米器件等领域都有重要的潜在应用.二维材料缺陷不... 详细信息

材料失效是固体力学关心的核心问题之一,强度准则是描述材料失效的重要工具.二维材料如石墨烯、六方氮化硼、过渡金属二硫化物等具有优越的力学性能,在能源环境、电子信息、航空航天、纳米器件等领域都有重要的潜在应用.二维材料缺陷不可避免,由于其原子级厚度和极低的离面刚度,缺陷残余应力会导致显著的应力集中和离面变形,从而显著降低材料的强度.尽管断裂力学理论被广泛用来描述二维材料的脆性断裂,但研究发现六方氮化硼的能量释放率超过Griffith预测值一个量级,与经典断裂力学理论预测不符.另一方面,虽然晶界强度理论解释了晶界强度随缺陷密度增加而反常升高的现象,位错堆积模型揭示了多晶石墨烯强度与晶粒尺寸间的赝Hall-Petch效应,但这些理论模型主要针对特定缺陷在单轴载荷下的失效行为,缺乏普适性.特别地,二维材料缺陷结构、加载状态多样,导致复杂的应力分布和变形失效模式,增加了建立普适性强度理论的难度.然而,从原子角度,材料失效的本质都是化学键发生断裂,特别是大部分二维材料都由共价键构成,因此从化学键失效的角度,得到化学键失效的本征标度,则有可能建立缺陷二维材料的统一强度理论.本文首先综述了近年来二维材料强度的相关实验、模拟和理论研究进展,着重介绍了缺陷二维材料的变形机理和基于化学键失效分析的缺陷二维材料统一强度准则.最后,本文讨论了二维材料强度理论的发展趋势,旨在促进缺陷二维材料强度准则的理论和应用研究.

关键词：统一强度准则二维材料强度化学键失效分析缺陷应力集中

硫酸锌胁迫对萌发青稞功能成分及抗氧化能力的影响

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食品与发酵工业 2024年第8期50卷 114-120,129页

作者：徐宁莉陶瑾张莉方张国强安徽工程大学生物与食品工程学院安徽芜湖241000

该研究以藏青2000为原料,采用酶联免疫吸附法等方法测定了不同浓度硫酸锌胁迫下萌发青稞的功能成分含量及抗氧化能力,同时记录其萌发率等指标。结果表明,硫酸锌胁迫对青稞的萌发率、水分含量、根长和芽长有抑制作用。随着时间的延长,在... 详细信息

该研究以藏青2000为原料,采用酶联免疫吸附法等方法测定了不同浓度硫酸锌胁迫下萌发青稞的功能成分含量及抗氧化能力,同时记录其萌发率等指标。结果表明,硫酸锌胁迫对青稞的萌发率、水分含量、根长和芽长有抑制作用。随着时间的延长,在不同浓度硫酸锌胁迫下,褪黑素、γ-氨基丁酸含量先增加后降低;还原糖、可溶性含量先上升后达到动态平衡;β-葡聚糖、总黄酮及总酚含量先降低后升高。其中,0.6 mmol/L硫酸锌胁迫萌发第7天时总酚含量是对照组的1.12倍;0.8 mmol/L硫酸锌胁迫萌发第6天时褪黑素与γ-氨基丁酸含量分别是对照组的1.35、1.40倍,第7天时总黄酮含量是对照组1.28倍。抗氧化能力结果显示,萌发青稞的抗氧化能力与其含有的总黄酮总酚含量显著正相关(P<0.01)。综上,萌发可改善青稞品质,0.6~0.8 mmol/L的硫酸锌胁迫可有效提高萌发青稞功能成分含量及抗氧化能力。

关键词：青稞萌发硫酸锌胁迫功能成分抗氧化能力

催化床结构对HAN基单组元发动机性能的影响

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航空学报 2024年第16期45卷 97-108页

作者：孙得川张国强姚天亮关亮大连理工大学工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室大连116024 大连理工大学力学与航空航天学院大连116024 上海空间推进研究所上海201112

针对硝酸羟胺(HAN)基推进剂单组元发动机,研究催化床长度和空腔缺陷对发动机工作过程的影响。采用多孔介质假设、Volume of Fluid(VOF)模型以及推进剂分解模型对300 N发动机稳态工作状态和起动过程进行数值仿真。研究结果表明:增加前床... 详细信息

针对硝酸羟胺(HAN)基推进剂单组元发动机,研究催化床长度和空腔缺陷对发动机工作过程的影响。采用多孔介质假设、Volume of Fluid(VOF)模型以及推进剂分解模型对300 N发动机稳态工作状态和起动过程进行数值仿真。研究结果表明:增加前床长度有利于提高性能,将前床长度由30 mm增加到40 mm,真空比冲提高2.7%。但是,增大前床长度会使响应变慢,不仅使燃气充填阶段末的压强值和温度值分别减小6.7%和12.5%,而且使催化床升温引起的升压时间增加。空腔缺陷会显著降低发动机的性能,前床长度为40 mm时,5 mm的空腔就会使真空比冲降低15%。

关键词：硝酸羟胺催化床结构单组元液体火箭发动机稳态工作过程起动过程

强制对流对高压套管油介质中乙炔分子传质过程的影响

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电机与控制学报 2024年第4期28卷 31-40页

作者：陈图南李康邱宗甲韩冬张国强中国科学院电工研究所北京100190 中国科学院大学北京100049

为优化对高压套管进行油中溶解气体分析时的取样质量,提升分析结果的代表性和准确性,提出一种对高压套管中的绝缘油施加强制对流的方法,通过向绝缘油施加速度场促进油中溶解气体的传质过程,进而改善油中溶解气体分析的取样质量。从仿真... 详细信息

为优化对高压套管进行油中溶解气体分析时的取样质量,提升分析结果的代表性和准确性,提出一种对高压套管中的绝缘油施加强制对流的方法,通过向绝缘油施加速度场促进油中溶解气体的传质过程,进而改善油中溶解气体分析的取样质量。从仿真计算和实验验证2个方面对绝缘油中溶解乙炔气体传质过程进行研究。首先分析无强制对流情况下气体的传质过程,并测量气体从故障源到取样口的时间;然后分析在强制对流情况下气体的传质过程并测量了传质时间,在此基础上讨论气体传质时间缩短的原因;最后探究不同强制对流动作周期对传质过程影响的程度。研究成果能够为高压套管在线监测装置的研发提供参考。

关键词：高压套管油中溶解气体分析乙炔传质强制对流