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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda zhang Weimin Yuan Zhixing Ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue Li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang Lei Yang Bing zhang Chen zhang Shuang-Nan zhang Yonghe zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong Li Bifang liu Mingjun liu Xing liu Yuan liu zhu liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu Xuefeng Wu Dong Xu Yanjun Xu Suijian Xue Yongquan Xue Zijian zhang Zipei zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui Yanfeng Dai Dongwei Fan Ju guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai Huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li Wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan liu Heyang liu Huaqiu liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang Yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang Lei Wang Wenxin Wang Yilong Wang Yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu Yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin Xue Yulong Xue Ailiang Yan Haonan Yang Xiongtao Yang Yanji Yang Juan zhang Mo zhang Wenjie zhang Zhen zhang Zhen zhang Ziliang zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao hongyan zhou Yilin zhou Yuxuan zhu Zhencai zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

Aquaporin-3 Deletion Reduces Glycerol and ATP Content in Mouse Sciatic Nerve

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2010年第6期26卷 955-957页

作者： zhang Di guo Lei zhu Na SU Wei-heng guan Xin-gang YI Fei HAO Feng XIAO ying-hong liu Jia liu Tian-zhou MA Tong-hui Membrane Channel Research Laboratory Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China

We reported the expression and function of aquaglyceroporin AQP3 in mouse peripheral nervous ***3 mRNA was identified in freshly isolated mouse sciatic nerve by *** using AQP3 antibody localized the protein expression in the myelin sheathe of sciatic nerve *** primary morpholo-gical evaluation of sciatic nerves from AQP3-knockout and wildtype mice revealed no significant difference,biochemical analysis demonstrated remarkably decreased glycerol and ATP contents in freshly isolated AQP3-knockout sciatic *** study indicates an important role of facilitated glycerol transport mechanism in peripheral nerve energy metabolism.

关键词： Aquaporin Sciatic nerve myelin Glycerol ATP

Signature Inversion of Yrast Band in Odd-Odd ^(162)Lu Nucleus

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Chinese Physics Letters 1996年第4期13卷 257-260页

作者： zhang Yu-hu zhou Xiao-hong ZHAO Qing-zhong SUN Xiang-fu LEI Xiang-guo guo ying-xiang liu Zhong CHEN Xing-feng zhu Yong-tai WEN Shu-xian YUAN guan-jun liu Xiang-an Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413

High spin states of the odd-odd ^(162)Lu nucleus have been studied via ^(147)Sm(^(19)F,4nγ)reaction at 95MeV beam *** scheme for yrast band based on π[h_(11/2)]v[i_(13/2)]quasiparticle configuration was established up to I^(π)-(23^(-))for the first *** band shows the signature inversion in energy before backbending generally appeared in this mass *** is stressed that the signature splitting in 162Lu is larger than that in 160 Tm nucleus.

关键词： energy signature

Photogenerated-hole-induced rapid elimination of solid tumors by the supramolecular porphyrin photocatalyst

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National Science Review 2021年第5期8卷 101-109页

作者： Zijian zhang Li Wang Weixu liu Zihe Yan Yongfa zhu Shuyun zhou Shanyue guan Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

The rapid, complete, targeted and safe treatment for tumors remains a key issue in cancer therapy. A novel treatment of solid tumors by supramolecular photocatalyst Nano-SA-TCPP with the irradiation of600–700 nm wavelength is established. Solid tumors(100 mm3) can be eliminated within 10 min. The50-day mouse survival rate was increased from 0% to 100% after the photocatalytic therapy. The breakthrough was owing to the cell membrane rupture and the cytoplasmic loss caused by photogenerated holes inside cancer cells. The porphyrin-based photocatalysts can be internalized in a targeted manner by cancer cells due to the size selection effect, without entering the normal cells. The therapy has no toxicity or side effects for normal cells and organisms. Moreover, the photocatalytic therapy is effective for a variety of cancer cell lines. Because of its high efficiency, safety and universality, the photocatalytic therapy provides us with a new lancet to conquer the tumor.

关键词： supramolecular photocatalyst photogenerated holes solid tumor rapid elimination red light

Lateral composition-graded semiconductor nanoribbons for multi-color nanolasers

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Nano Research 2016年第4期9卷 933-941页

作者： Xiujuan zhuang Pengfei guo Qinglin zhang Huawei liu Dan Li Wei Hu Xiaoli zhu hong zhou Anlian Pan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education School of Physics and electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

Low-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures have attracted much interest for applications in integrated photonic and optoelectronic devices. Band gap engineering within single semiconductor nanoribbons helps to manipulate photon behavior in two different cavities （in the width and length directions） and realize new photonic phenomena and applications. In this work, lateral composition-graded semiconductor nanoribbons were grown for the first time through an improved source-moving vapor phase route. Along the width of the nanoribbon, the material can be gradually tuned from pure CdS to a highly Se-doped CdSSe alloy with a corresponding band gap modulation from 2.42 to 1.94 eV. The achieved alloy ribbons are overall high-quality crystals, and the position-dependent band-edge photoluminescence （PL） emission had a peak wavelength continuously tuned from -515 to -640 nm. These ribbons can realize multi-color lasing with three groups of lasing modes centered at 519, 557, and 623 run. It was confirmed that the red lasing was from optical resonance along the length direction, while the green and yellow lasing was from optical resonance along the width direction. These novel nanoribbon structures may be applied to many integrated photonic and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： composition grade semiconductor nanoribbon nanolaser multi-color

Photophysics, morphology and device performances correlation on non-fullerene acceptor based binary and ternary solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第8期29卷 180-187,I0007页

作者： guanqing zhou hong Ding Lei zhu Chaoqun Qiu Ming zhang Tianyu Hao Wei Feng Yongming zhang Haiming zhu Feng liu School of Physics and Astronomy and Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA(CICIFSA)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center for Advanced Electronic Materials and DevicesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Materials Zibo 256401ShandongChina

Non-fullerene acceptor(NFA) based organic solar cells(OSCs) are of high efficiency and low energy loss and low recombination features, which is owing to the advantage of non-fullerene acceptors. The photophysics investigation of non-fullerene solar cells, in comparing to fullerene based analogue as well as mixed acceptor ternary blends could help to understand the working mechanism of NFA functioning mechanism. We choose PBDB-T donor, the fullerene derivative PC71 BM acceptor, and the non-fullerene acceptor ITIC as the model system, to construct binary and ternary solar cells, which then subject to ultrafast spectroscopy investigation. The charge transfer pathway in binary and ternary blends is *** it is seen that ITIC leads to a faster exciton separation and exciton diffusion. ITIC in blends suppresses the geminate recombination and shows smaller amount of charge transfer states, which is beneficial for the device performance. And the addition of ITIC enhances the crystallinity for both donor and acceptor leads to a morphology change of forming bicontinuous crystalline networks and phase separation. In a consequence, fill factor and JSC, increase dramatically for the related OSC.

关键词： Non-fullerene electron acceptors Charge transfer Recombination Crystallinity

Effect of geomorphologic features and climate change on vegetation distribution in the arid hot valleys of Jinsha River,Southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第10期19卷 2874-2885页

作者： zhou Yang YI Yu-jun liu hong-xi TANG Cai-hong zhu Yu-long zhang Shang-hong School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBejing 100875China Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China

Rapid change of climate in vertical and considerable geomorphologic features form a typical diversity and distribution of biota in mountain ecosystems,i.e.,the subalpine forest zone(SFZ),the valley savanna zone(VSZ),and the transition zone between *** arid hot valley in the middle and lower reaches of Jinsha River,China represents a well target area to study distribution and the driving factors in these typical mountain ***,this study selects four sub-sample areas in the arid-hot valley to explore the distinctive changes of vegetation during 1990 to 2020,and their driving factors in the three different vegetation zones on spatiotemporal *** the spatial scale,the Moran’s index was applied to identify the transition zone between the SFZ and the *** show that the VSZ at low altitudes(less than 600-1000 m from the valley bottom)is mainly affected by geomorphologic features,especially the slope *** increase in altitude,the climate factors(e.g.,humidity,temperature,etc.)play a more significant role in the development of the SFZ,while the effect of geomorphologic features gradually *** the time scale,The SFZ at higher altitudes experienced more rapid changes in temperature(temperature increase of 1.41°C over the last 60 years)than the VSZ at lower altitudes(temperature increase of 0.172°C over the past 60 years).It caused the forest cover increase faster than that of savanna *** and heat conditions are altered by topography and climate conditions,which shapes the development and physiology of plants as they adapt to the different climatic ***,according to the driving factors(geomorphologic and climate factors)of vegetation distribution found in this study,it suggests that suitable tree species should be planted in the transition zone to evolve into the forest zone and making the forest zone to recover from high to low altitudes gradually.

关键词： Mountain vegetation distribution Subalpine forest zone Valley savanna zone Geomorphologic features Climate change

Cesium lead halide perovskite triangular nanorods as high-gain medium and effective cavities for multiphoton- pumped lasing

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Nano Research 2017年第10期10卷 3385-3395页

作者： Xiaoxia Wang hong zhou Shuangping Yuan Weihao Zheng ying Jiang Xiujuan zhuang hongjun liu Qinglin zhang Xiaoli zhu Xiao Wang Anlian Pan School of Physics and Electronics Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province and State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry University of Tübingen Aufder Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany

High-performance multiphoton-pumped lasers based on cesium lead halide perovskite nanostructures are promising for nonlinear optics and practical frequency upconversion devices in integrated photonics. However, the performance of such lasers is highly dependent on the quality of the material and cavity, which makes their fabrication challenging. Herein, we demonstrate that cesium lead halide perovskite triangular nanorods fabricated via vapor methods can serve as gain media and effective cavities for multiphoton-pumped lasers. We observed blue-shifts of the lasing modes in the excitation fluence-dependent lasing spectra at increased excitation powers, which fits well with the dynamics of Burstein-Moss shifts caused by the band filling effect. Moreover, efficient multiphoton lasing in CsPbBr3 nanorods can be realized in a wide excitation wavelength range （700-1,400 nm）. The dynamics of multiphoton lasing were investigated by time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, which indicated that an electron-hole plasma is responsible for the multiphoton-pumped lasing. This work could lead to new opportunities and applications for cesium lead halide perovskite nanostructures in frequency upconversion lasing devices and optical interconnect systems.

关键词： cesium lead halide perovskite nanorods triangular cross-section multiphoton-pumped laser time-resolved photoluminescence

Unaxisymmetric Non-Fused Electron Acceptors for Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第8期40卷 944-950,I0009页

作者： Si-Ya liu Di Wang Tian-Jiao Wen guan-Qing zhou Hai-Ming zhu hong-Zheng Chen Chang-Zhi Li State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

To develop photovoltaics embracing the both features of high performance and low cost has drawn attentions of researchers,yet representing the significant *** this work,two non-fused ring acceptors(NFRAs),namely p-PTIC4Cl and t-PTIC4Cl,were developed via a short synthetic *** tethering unaxisymmetric aromatic chains to thienyl bridge of NFRAs,we revealed that the tuning of aromatic chains allows modulating the self-assembly and stacking of NFRAs in solid,hence influencing their optoelectronic and photovoltaic *** results,p-PTIC4Cl,consisting of 3-hexylbenzene with large axial angle to backbone,can achieve superior PCE of 11.30%than that of t-PTIC4Cl with 2-hexylthiophene chains(PCE of 6.49%),when pairing with polymer donor *** of the only subtle structural difference,the p-PTIC4Cl based blend films possess better exciton dissociation and charge transfer rates,as well as photostability,to those of t-PTIC4Cl based blends.

关键词： Polymer solar cells Non-fused ring acceptor Unaxisymmetric aromatic chains Photostability