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Carbendazim sensitivity in populations of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex infecting strawberry and yams in Hubei Province of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1391-1400页

作者： HAN Yong-chao ZENG Xiang-guo XlANG Fa-yun ZHANG Qing-hua guo Cong CHEN Feng-ying gu Yu-chen Institute of Industrial Crops Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064P.R.China Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases Insect Pests and Corp Weeds Control/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central ChinaWuhan 430064P.R.China

The ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a devastating plant pathogen with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. Carbendazim has been widely used to control anthracnose caused by the C. gloeosporioides complex in China for more than 30 years and resistance to carbendazim has been reported in China. A total of 125 Colletotrichum isolates of strawberry and yam were collected from different geographical regions in Hubei Province, China. Approximately 52.8％ of Colletotrichum spp. isolates showed resistance to carbendazim. The isolates tested in this study belong to four species, and the frequencies of resistant isolates differed across Colletotrichum species. Resistant isolates were found in C. siamense and C. fructicola. In contrast, all isolates of C. gloeosporioides and C. aenigma were sensitive to carbendazim. Highly carbendazim-resistant isolates harbored the E198A mutation in the β-tubulin 2 （TUB2） gene, whereas moderately carbendazim-resistant isolates harbored the F200Y mutation in the TUB2 gene. Carbendazim-sensitive Colletotrichum isolates in this study were not genetically similar enough to form a separate cluster from resistant isolates. The result of this study emphasizes the importance of knowing which Colletotrichum sp. is present, when strategies for disease control are made.

关键词： carbendazim resistance frequency Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Colletotrichum species point mutations anthracnose

Factors Influencing Glucoraphanin and Sulforaphane Formation in Brassica Plants:A Review

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1804-1816页

作者： gu Zhen-xin guo Qiang-hui gu Ying-juan College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

Sulforaphane is a type of sulfur-containing isothiocyanates hydrolyzed from glucosinolates by myrosinase found in Brassica plants. Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring inducer of phase II enzymes in human and animal bodies to detoxify cancer-causing chemicals. Glucoraphanin is the precursor of sulforaphane and its content is greatly influenced by plant species and genotype, plant organs, pre-harvest factors, and post-harvest processing, thus sulforaphane formation is also directly influenced. Here, we review the formation mechanism of sulforaphane and the factors influencing sulforaphane formation. In the end, the future directions are also discussed.

关键词： Brassica plant glucosinolate sulforaphane glucoraphanin influencing factor

On the correction of the boundary deficiency in SPH for the frictional contact simulation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2014年第1期57卷 86-100页

作者： WANG Jian hua Hui gu ChongShi National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety Hohai University College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)is a mesh-free method which is powerful for large deformation computation of ***,the algorithm for the simulation of frictional contact which is common in geotechnical engineering is still quite immature due to the boundary *** this study,the cause of boundary deficiency in the SPH simulation for frictional contact is ***,based on mathematical derivation,the method to correct boundary deficiency related to frictional contact is discussed theoretically,where the frictional contact algorithm is established by dividing the computational domain into several subdomains according to the existing contact boundaries and by using contact forces as bridges of these subdomains to fulfil problem solving,and the value of correction coefficient is obtained by comparing the SPH outcome of the contact particles with that calculated through Newton’s second law of *** the same time,from the perspective of numerical computation,an optimized value for the correction coefficient is proposed,and a thorough investigation is performed on the cubic spline kernel function and quintic spline kernel function,whose correction coefficients are found to be 2.0 and[2.0,2.16],***,numerical tests are carried out to verify the proposed *** outcome of the study is helpful to providing theoretical support for the research of frictional contact simulation within the framework of SPH.

关键词： smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) frictional contact boundary deficiency correction

Strong interactions of incident shock wave with boundary layer along compression corner

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第12期33卷 3149-3157页

作者： Shanguang guo Yun WU hua LIANG Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Air Force Engineering UniversityXi'an 710038China

The coherent structure and instability of the interaction of incident shock wave with boundary layer developing on a compression corner are experimentally *** experiments are carried out in a supersonic wind tunnel of Mach number *** attention is paid to shock patterns and unsteady shock motions induced by the separation *** high-speed schlieren is used to visualize the flowfield evolution and to characterize the *** snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition of schlieren sequences is applied to investigate the primary coherent structure in the *** Fourier transform and continuous wavelet transformation are applied to characterize the *** results show that there are large-scale low-frequency oscillations of the shock waves and small-scale high-frequency pulsations in the separation *** peak frequency of shock oscillation is mainly concentrated in the range of 100–1000 *** pulsation of the small flow structure in the separation bubble is mainly concentrated above 12.5 k *** on the results of experimental analysis,the preliminary mechanism of the largescale instability of such interaction is obtained.

关键词： Shock wave Boundary layer Interaction Flow mechanism Instability

Tribological and electrochemical studies on biomimetic synovial fluids

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 2996-3001页

作者： hua ZiKai gu Ping ZHANG Jianhua School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200011China

In this study, tribological and electrochemical performances of the new biomimetic synovial fluids were studied according to different composition concentrations, including hyaluronic acid, albumin and alendronic acid sodium. By using Taguchi method, the composition contents of the biomimetic synovial fluids were designed. Items such as friction coefficient, mean scar diameter and viscosity were investigated via a four-ball tribo-tester, viscosity meter and optical microscope. Polarization studies were carried out to analyze the electrochemical behaviour of the fluids. Results showed that hyaluronic acid dominates the viscosity of the fluids. High albumin concentration will reduce friction, while increasing wear rate due to the electro-chemical effect. Alendronic acid sodium is found to reduce the biocorrosion of CoCrMo as well as provide better lubricating. In conclusion, biomimetic synovial fluids partially recover the functions of natural synovial fluids and provide good lubricating property.

关键词： biomimetic synovial fluids artificial joint wear polarization test

Hydrothermal synthesis of ultrathin hexagonal nickel hydroxide nanosheets

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Particuology 2015年第5期13卷 114-118页

作者： Hongjie Wu Liqiang gu guo Gao Institute of Automotive Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringNational Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronic Control TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering Department of Instrument Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University

Nickel hydroxide, Ni（OH）2 is widely used in electrodes of nickel-based alkaline secondary batteries, Ultrathin hexagonal Ni（OH）2 nanosheets of space group P-3ml were hydrothermally prepared at 200℃ for 10h. Their diameter and thickness were 200-300 and 3-5 nm, respectively, Their formation was attributed to the oriented assembly of growing particles, which was assisted by surfactant molecules. The specific surface area of the Ni（OH）2 nanosheets was 8.66 m2/g. Their magnetization curve exhibited linear paramagnetic behavior across the entire measurement region.

关键词： Ni(OH)2 nanosheets Hydrothermal method PEG-200 Paramagnetic behavior

Effect of Humulus scandens for Traditional Fiber Sources on Digestion,Diarrhea,and Performance of Growing Rabbits

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第4期8卷 497-501页

作者： guo Wan-hua gu Zi-lin WEI Kun-peng LIU Ya-juan WANG Zeng-li Animal Science College Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 P.R. China Mountain Area Research Institute of Hebei Province Baoding 071001 P.R.China Hebei Province Animal Quarantine Station Shijiazhuang 050000 P.R.China

This work was to determine which concentration of a mixture of fresh Humulus scandens （HS） and fresh alfalfa could be included in diets for rabbits. The fresh forage of three experimental diets is composed of 100% alfalfa, 50% alfalfa ＋ 50% HS, 100% HS, respectively. 30 rabbits [（1.42 ± 0.056） kg] were used to determine nutrient digestibility. A feeding trial was carried out using 90 weaning rabbits [35 d of age; （512±6.5） g]. Increasing content of HS in the diet did not affect digestibility of DM （dry matter）, CF （crude fiber）, CP （crude protein）, GE （gross energy）, and EE （ether extract）. But diarrhea decreased markedly （P〈0.01） compared with the diets that had no HS. ADF1 （average daily feed intake） increased by 4.3% （P 〈 0.05） and 3.6% （P 〈 0.05） when rabbits fed the diet with 100% HS of fresh forage compared with the diets containing 0 and 50% HS, respectively. Feed efficiency improved significantly （P 〈 0.05） by 2.07 and 5.30% when rabbits fed 0 and 50% HS of fresh forage, respectively, compared with 100% HS. There was no effect on ADG （average daily weight gain）. In conclusion, the mixture （50：50） of HS and alfalfa constitutes an alternative source of fiber for fattening rabbits and prevents diarrhea effectively.

关键词： Humulus scandens digestion growth diarrhea rabbit alfalfa

On the loss mechanisms of radiation belt electron dropouts during the 12 September 2014 geomagnetic storm

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第6期4卷 598-610页

作者： Xin Ma Zheng Xiang BinBin Ni Song Fu Xing Cao Man hua DeYu guo YingJie guo XuDong gu ZeYuan Liu Qi Zhu Department of Space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China

Radiation belt electron dropouts indicate electron flux decay to the background level during geomagnetic storms,which is commonly attributed to the effects of wave-induced pitch angle scattering and magnetopause *** investigate the loss mechanisms of radiation belt electron dropouts triggered by a solar wind dynamic pressure pulse event on 12 September 2014,we comprehensively analyzed the particle and wave measurements from Van Allen *** dropout event was divided into three periods:before the storm,the initial phase of the storm,and the main phase of the *** electron pitch angle distributions(PADs)and electron flux dropouts during the initial and main phases of this storm were investigated,and the evolution of the radial profile of electron phase space density(PSD)and the(μ,K)dependence of electron PSD dropouts(whereμ,K,and L^*are the three adiabatic invariants)were *** energy-independent decay of electrons at L>4.5 was accompanied by butterfly PADs,suggesting that the magnetopause shadowing process may be the major loss mechanism during the initial phase of the storm at L>*** features of electron dropouts and 90°-peaked PADs were observed only for>1 MeV electrons at L<4,indicating that the wave-induced scattering effect may dominate the electron loss processes at the lower L-shell during the main phase of the *** of the(μ,K)dependence of electron PSD drops and calculations of the minimum electron resonant energies of H+-band electromagnetic ion cyclotron(EMIC)waves support the scenario that the observed PSD drop peaks around L^*=3.9 may be caused mainly by the scattering of EMIC waves,whereas the drop peaks around L^*=4.6 may result from a combination of EMIC wave scattering and outward radial diffusion.

关键词： radiation belt electron flux dropouts geomagnetic storm electron phase space density magnetopause shadowing wave-particle interactions

Application of Auto-regressive Linear Model in Understanding the Effect of Climate on Malaria Vectors Dynamics in the Three Gorges Reservoir

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第10期27卷 811-814页

作者： WANG Duo Quan gu Zheng Cheng ZHENG Xiang guo Yun TANG Lin hua National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria Schistosomiasis and Filariasis Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology Ministry of Health

It is important to understand the dynamics of malaria vectors in implementing malaria control strategies. Six villages were selected from different sections in the Three Gorges Reservoir fc,r exploring the relationship between the climatic ｜：actors and its malaria vector density from 1997 to 2007 using the auto-regressive linear model regressi^n method. The result indicated that both temperature and precipitation were better modeled as quadratic rather than linearly related to the density of Anopheles sinensis.

关键词： Application of Auto-regressive Linear Model in Understanding the Effect of Climate on Malaria Vectors Dynamics in the Three Gorges Reservoir Auto