检索结果-南通市图书馆

The dynamic economic evaluation method of shale gas resources

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China Geology 2019年第2期2卷 211-217页

作者： Gang-yi Zhai Xiang-lin Chen Xiang-hua Xia Zhi Zhou Tian-xu guo guo-heng liu Rui-han Yuan Oil & Gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100029China Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology Laboratory China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100029China Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070China

At present, most shale gas exploration and development areas in China are difficult to provide sufficient and effective production data to support economic evaluation, since they are still in the initial stage of low exploration level. In addition, ecological and environmental factors are not taken into account in the evaluation process, which does not meet the needs of green energy development of China. Aiming at above problems, the dynamic economic evaluation method of shale gas resources based on calculus principle is proposed. The Arps hyperbolic decreasing curve model will be used in the evaluation of single shale gas well production, which can evaluate single well production of shale gas by fitting the existing dynamic production data to generate the production decreasing curve. Therefore, the variation regularity of the cumulative production of single well shale gas within the study area can be obtained by the model mentioned above. According to the variation regularity of the cumulative production obtained from the Arps hyperbolic decreasing curve model, the recovery period of single well cost, ultimate economic life and the ultimate economic resource can be evaluated dynamically by analyzing the variation regularity of the cumulative sales revenue and cumulative input cost of single shale gas well. Then the evaluation result can be further extend to the whole evaluation areas, in order to analyze shale gas resources ’ economic value in evaluation regions under different shale gas price conditions. The results of the above evaluation methods are not only conducive to improving the economic benefits of relative shale gas development enterprises, but also provide a basis for the national energy strategy deployment.

关键词： Shale gas Evaluation method Economic resources Single well cost Economic life

Geochemical characteristics and sedimentary environment of the Middle Devonian organic-rich shales in the Northwest of Guizhong Depression, Southwest China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China Geology 2020年第4期3卷 567-574页

作者： Kun Yuan Wen-hui Huang Xin-xin Fang Shi-zhen Li Ting Wang Tuo Lin guo-heng liu China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Beijing 100083China Oil and Gas Resources Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural Resources Beijing 100083China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China

In order to figure out the redox conditions and paleo-sedimentary environment of the Middle Devonian shales in the northwest of Guizhong Depression,the trace element analysis was conducted on the Middle Devonian cores(320.35–938.50 m)of the typical shale gas investigation well(GY-1)at a 1.50 m sampling interval through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF)and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).According to the test result,the average values of V/(V+Ni),V/Cr and Ni/Co in Nabiao formation(Fm.)are larger than 0.67,4.65 and 7.71 respectively,and Nabiao *** rich in biological assemblages such as tabasheer,ammonite,*** evidences indicate the rising sea level rose relatively in the sedimentation period of Nabiao *** a deepwater shelf environment,which was favorable for the preservation of organic *** V/(V+Ni),V/Cr and Ni/Co in Luofu *** Tangting *** 0.38–0.65,0.73–4.10 and 3.70–6.72 respectively,indicating that the sea level dropped relatively in their sedimentation period,during which the water bodies became shallow,and the sedimentary environment was a weak oxidizing shallow water shelf *** addition,the variation of TOC has a high correlation with the enrichment degree of Ba element,indicating the favorable conditions for the enrichment and preservation of organic matters under an oxygen-deficient ***,according to the identification of trace element indexes,the northwest of Guizhong Depression experienced the sedimentary cycle of relative rise to relative fall of sea level from bottom to top in the Middle Devonian sedimentation *** relative sea level rose to the highest in the sedimentation period of Nabiao Fm.,in which the organic-rich shales with stable thickness and high organic content were ***,the Nabiao *** be regarded as the favorable exploration target interval in this area.

关键词： Organic-rich shale Devonian Geochemistry Sedimentary environment Guizhong Depression Geological survey engineering Guizhou Province Southwest China

Myoglobin over-expression attenuates angiogenic response in hindlimb ischemia in mice

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第9期122卷 1056-1060页

作者： YANG Yao-guo GUAN heng liu Chang-wei LI Yong-jun Department of Vascular Surgery Peking Union Medical CollegeHospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking UnionMedical College Beijing 100037 China

Background Myoglobin is expressed exclusively in striated skeletal muscles and has been implicated in nitric oxide scavenging. Accumulating data suggest a critical role for nitric oxide in both the endogenous and therapeutic angiogenic response to ischemia. A clear role for myoglobin in ischemic skeletal muscle is uncertain. We hypothesized that myoglobin overexpression has an adverse impact on the angiogenic response to ischemia. Methods Muscle-specific myoglobin over-expressing transgenic mice （MbTG, n=11）, wild type littermates （WT, n=23） underwent unilateral femoral artery ligation and excision. Laser doppler perfusion imaging was used to monitor changes in hindlimb perfusion before surgery and weekly after surgery up to 28 days. 13ssue ischemia was assessed by a necrosis incidence. Upon termination of the experiment （28 days after surgery）, skeletal muscles （gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior） were harvested, the distal part of the muscle was frozen and embedded for histology study, the proximal part was used either to detect vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） level with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays （ELISA） or to determine the proliferation （proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）） and apoptosis （Bax, and Bci-2） condition in ischemic muscle by Western blotting. Capillaries were stained with endothelial phosphate alkaline staining and vascular density was expressed in capillaries/fiber. Results The recovery of perfusion in MbTG mice was similar to that of WT mice on day 7 （0.485±0.095 vs 0.500±0.084） but was significantly less on day 14 （0.536±0.086 vs 0.623±0.077, P 〈0.05）, day 21 （0.588±0.082 vs 0.684±0.068, P 〈0.01） and day 28 （0.606±0.079 vs 0.733±0.093, P 〈0.01）. The necrosis incidence was higher in MbTG than in wr （54.5% vs 21.6%）. Vascular density was less in MbTG compared with that in WT （gastrocnemius 0.19±0.08 vs 0.30±0.08, P 〈0.05; tibialis anterior 0.22±0.11 vs 0.33±0.04, P 〈0.05）. With ischemic injury, the VEGF level was increased

关键词： angiogenic nitric oxide myoglobin ischemia

Sedimentary lithofacies characteristics and sweet-spot interval characterization of the Sinian Doushantuo Formation in Upper Yangtze Platform, South China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China Geology 2019年第3期2卷 261-275页

作者： Yu-fang Wang Gang-yi Zhai Yong-chao Lu Yi-quan Ma Juan Li guo-heng liu Yun-xiao Zhang Oil and Gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology Laboratory China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China

The Sinian Doushantuo Formation is the oldest shale gas reservoir discovered in the world, which contains good shale gas shows as the Eyangye-1 and Zidi-1 wells in the Yichang Region of western Hubei province, China. The shales in the Doushantuo Formation feature considerable thickness (135 m), high gas content (4.83 m^3/t) and high fragile mineral content (up to 75%). Due to the influences of the sedimentary environment, the shale reservoirs here have high dolomitic content (54%) and abruptly changes in vertical lithofacies. Moreover, the characteristics of the shale sweet-spot differ significantly from that in the Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation in southeast Sichuan Basin. A high-resolution sequence stratigraphic correlation was performed on the shales of the Doushantuo Formation at the Eyangye-1 well, Zidi-1 well, Zidi-2 well and some outcrop profiles in Yichang area for the identification of their sedimentary microfacies characteristics. A comprehensive comparative analysis was made by incorporating the elemental geochemistry, wireline and mud logging data of the well to further identify the sweet-spot interval therein. With the analysis of Eyangye-1 well, the sweet-spot interval of the Doushantuo Formation is 3360?3408 m, of which sedimentary microfacies is deepwater reduced environment with many pyrite laminaes, and the TOC is high to 3.42%, the Ro is 3.3%, the organic and matrix pore are well developed and the aperture more than 50 nm, the porosity is 2.7%, the desorption gas content average is 2.16%, and the main mineral is dolomitic (54%) and siliceous quartz (21%). Additionally, these parameters combined with previous studies will shed light on evaluating and characterizing the layers therein, also provide referential geological data for the following exploration and development activities of this shale system.

关键词： Shale gas Sequence correlation Sweet-spot interval Doushantuo Formation (Late Proterozoic) Upper Yangtze Platform Oil and gas exploration engineering Hubei Province China

Formation,evolution,reconstruction of black shales and their influence on shale oil and gas resource

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 551-585页

作者： Shi-zhen Li Qiu-chen Xu Mu liu guo-heng liu Yi-fan Li Wen-yang Wang Xiao-guang Yang Wei-bin liu Yan-fei An Peng Sun Tao liu Jiang-hui Ding Qian-chao Li Chao-gang Fang State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil Beijing 100083China The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology China Geological SurveyBeijing 100083China Oil and Gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Resource and Environment Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Yangtze University Wuhan 430100China Nanjing Center China Geological SurveyNanjing 210016China National Elite Institute of Engineering CNPCBeijing 100096China

Black shales are important products of material cycling and energy exchange among the lithosphere,atmosphere,hydrosphere,and *** are widely distributed throughout geological history and provide essential energy and mineral resources for the development of human *** also record the evolution process of the earth and improve the understanding of the *** review focuses on the diagenesis and formation mechanisms of black shales sedimentation,composition,evolution,and reconstruction,which have had a significant impact on the formation and enrichment of shale oil and *** terms of sedimentary environment,black shales can be classified into three types:Marine,terrestrial,and marine-terrestrial transitional *** formation processes include mechanisms such as eolian input,hypopycnal flow,gravity-driven and offshore bottom *** a geological perspective,the formation of black shales is often closely related to global or regional major geological *** enrichment of organic matter is generally the result of the interaction and coupling of several factors such as primary productivity,water redox condition,and sedimentation *** terms of evolution,black shales have undergone diagenetic evolution of inorganic minerals,thermal evolution of organic matter and hydrocarbon generation,interactions between organic matter and inorganic minerals,and pore *** terms of reconstruction,the effects of fold deformation,uplift and erosion,and fracturing have changed the stress state of black shale reservoirs,thereby having a significant impact on the pore *** activity promotes the formation of veins,and have changed the material composition,stress structure,and reservoir properties of black *** resource effects,the deposition of black shales is fundamental for shale oil and gas resources,the evolution of black shales promotes the shale oil and gas formation and storage,and the reconstruction of black shales wou

关键词： Black shales Shale oil and gas Resource effects Sedimentary environment Sedimentary process Organic matter accumulation Diagenetic evolution Thermal evolution Organic matter and inorganic minerals Tectonic reconstruction Oil and gas exploration engineering Veins Fluid activity

DIGNN-A:Real-Time Network Intrusion Detection with Integrated Neural Networks Based on Dynamic Graph

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 817-842页

作者： Jizhao liu Minghao guo College of Computer Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450007China

The increasing popularity of the Internet and the widespread use of information technology have led to a rise in the number and sophistication of network attacks and security *** detection systems are crucial to network security,playing a pivotal role in safeguarding networks from potential ***,in the context of an evolving landscape of sophisticated and elusive attacks,existing intrusion detection methodologies often overlook critical aspects such as changes in network topology over time and interactions between *** address these issues,this paper proposes a real-time network intrusion detection method based on graph neural *** proposedmethod leverages the advantages of graph neural networks and employs a straightforward graph construction method to represent network traffic as dynamic graph-structured ***,a graph convolution operation with a multi-head attention mechanism is utilized to enhance the model’s ability to capture the intricate relationships within the graph structure ***,it uses an integrated graph neural network to address dynamic graphs’structural and topological changes at different time points and the challenges of edge embedding in intrusion detection *** edge classification problem is effectively transformed into node classification by employing a line graph data representation,which facilitates fine-grained intrusion detection tasks on dynamic graph node feature *** efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated using two commonly used intrusion detection datasets,UNSW-NB15 and NF-ToN-IoT-v2,and results are compared with previous studies in this *** experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves 99.3%and 99.96%accuracy on the two datasets,respectively,and outperforms the benchmark model in several evaluation metrics.

关键词： Intrusion detection graph neural networks attention mechanisms line graphs dynamic graph neural networks

Metrological traceable calibration of organic carbon and elemental carbon based on laboratory-generated reference materials

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 524-534页

作者： Yue liu Junjie liu Ji Xiao Jing Ye Lixu guo Caiqing Yan Center for Environmental Metrology National Institute of Metrology ChinaBeijing 100029China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Carbonaceous aerosol,including organic carbon(OC)and elemental carbon(EC),has significant influence on human health,air quality and climate *** measurement of carbonaceous aerosol is essential to reduce the uncertainty of radiative forcing estimation and source *** accurate separation of OC and EC is controversial due to the charring of ***,the development of reference materials(RM)for the validation of OC/EC separation is an important basis for further *** RMs were mainly based on ambient air sampling,which could not provide traceability of OC and EC *** develop traceable RMs with known OC/EC contents,our study applied an improved aerosol generation and mixing technique,providing uniform deposition of particles on quartz *** generate OC aerosol with similar pyrolytic property of ambient aerosol,both water soluble organic carbon(WSOC)and water insoluble organic carbon(WIOC)were used,and amorphous carbon was selected for EC *** RMs were analyzed using different *** homogeneity within the filter was validated,reaching below 2%.The long-term stability of RMs has been validated with RSD ranged from 1.7%–3.2%.Good correlationwas observed between nominal concentration of RMswithmeasured concentration by two protocols,while the difference of EC concentration was within 20%.The results indicated that the newly developed RMs were acceptable for the calibration of OC and EC,which could improve the accuracy of carbonaceous aerosol ***,the laboratory-generated EC-RMs could be suitable for the calibration of equivalent BC concentration by Aethalometers.

关键词： Carbonaceous aerosol Split point Reference material Laboratory-generated Traceability

Life-Cycle Bearing Capacity for Pre-Stressed T-beams Based on Full-Scale Destructive Test

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 145-166页

作者： Yushan Ye Tao Gao Liankun Wang Junjie Ma Yingchun Cai heng liu Xiaoge liu China Construction Seventh Engineering Division Corp. Ltd.Zhengzhou450004China School of Water Conservancy and Transportation Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

To investigate the evolution of load-bearing characteristics of pre-stressed beams throughout their service life and to provide a basis for accurately assessing the actual working state of damaged pre-stressed concrete T-beams,destructive tests were conducted on full-scale pre-stressed concrete *** on the measurement and ana-lysis of beam deﬂection,strain,and crack development under various loading levels during the research tests,combined with the veriﬁcation coefﬁcient indicators speciﬁed in the codes,the veriﬁcation coefﬁcients of bridges at different stages of damage can be *** results indicate that the T-beams experience complete,incom-plete linear,and non-linear stages during the destructive test *** the complete linear elastic stage,both the deﬂection and bottom strain veriﬁcation coefﬁcients comply with the speciﬁcations,indicating a good structural load-bearing capacity no longer adheres to the code’s *** the non-linear stage,both coefﬁcients exhi-bit a sharp increase,resulting in a further decrease in the structure’s load-bearing *** to the pro-visions of the current code,the beam can be in the incomplete linear stage when both values fall within the code’s speciﬁed *** strain veriﬁcation coefﬁcient sourced from the compression zone at the bottom of theﬂange is not recommended for assessing the bridge’s load-bearing capacity.

关键词： Pre-stressed T-beams whole process destructive test bearing capacity veriﬁcation coefﬁcient

"Source-Diagenesis-Accumulation" enrichment and accumulation regularity of marine shale gas in southern China

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China Geology 2018年第3期1卷 319-330页

作者： Gang-yi Zhai Yu-fang Wang Zhi Zhou guo-heng liu Yu-ru Yang Juan Li Oil and Gas Survey China Geological SurveyBeijing 100029China Unconventional oil and gas geology laboratory China Geological SurveyBeijing 100029China

After the breakthrough of shale gas exploration and development in the Ordovician Wufeng Formation (Fm.) and Silurian Longmaxi Fm. of Chongqing Jiaoshiba area,Changning-Weiyuan area,etc. in Sichuan basin,a series of discovery and breakthrough were obtained by China Geological Survey in the Cambrian Niutitang Fm. and Sinian Doushantuo Fm. shale of the areas with complicated structure outside Sichuan basin. Based on the understanding of the law of shale gas enrichment in Longmaxi Fm. in the basin,this paper puts forward three elements of the formation and enrichment of shale gas,which are the “Source”,the “Diagenesis ” and the “Accumulation ”,after deeply studying the law shale gas enrichment and accumulation in Sinian-Cambrian reservoir of the complex structure area outside the basin. The “Source”means the sedimentary environment and petrological characteristics of organic *** “Diagenesis ”means the basin tectonic subsidence and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of organic *** “Accumulation” means the tectonic uplift and shale gas preservation. It is proposed that the Sinian-Cambrian and Ordovician-Silurian black shale series in the middle and upper Yangtze region of southern China were both formed in the deep-water shelf environment of rift trough and foreland basin *** dessert intervals were formed in the strong reduction environment under transgressive system *** shale lithology belongs to calcium-siliceous and charcoal-siliceous respectively. Based on the summary of structural evolution in Yangtze area,the correlation of structural burial depth with shale diagenesis and the coupling evolution of organic matter with pore structure are discussed. Combining with structural styles,the preservation conditions of shale gas are discussed. Five types of shale gas reservoir control models are further described. Two types of future exploration directions,which are reverse fault syncline and paleo-uplift margin in complex structura

关键词： Shale gas Exploration and development Enrichment and accumulation Reservoir controlling models Exploration direction