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Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 325-339页

作者： Tong Tong Yi-Hua Jin Min Wang fang-Qi gong Department of Cardiology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNo.3333 Binsheng RoadHangzhou 310052China

Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C),a relatively uncommon but severe pediatric complication,is associated with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).A variety of treatment approaches,including intravenous immunoglobulins(IVIGs),glucocorticoids(GCs)and biologic agents,such as anakinra and infliximab,have been described for the management of COVID-19-related MIS-C.Anticoagulant therapy is also important.However,a well-developed treatment system has not been established,and many issues remain controversial.Several recently published articles related to the treatment of MIS-C have been released.Hence,in this review,we identified relevant articles published recently and summarized the treatment of MIS-C more comprehensively and systematically.Data sources We reviewed the literature on the treatment of MIS-C through 20 September 2023.The PubMed/Medline,Web of Science,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library databases were searched with the combination of the terms"multisystem inflammatory syndrome","MIS-C","PIMS-TS","therapy","treatment","drug","IVIG","GCs","intravenous immunoglobulin","corticosteroids","biological agent",and"aspirin".Results The severity of MIS-C varies,and different treatment schemes should be used according to the specific condition.Ongoing research and data collection are vital to better understand the pathophysiology and optimal management of MIS-C.Conclusions MIS-Cis a disease involving multiple systems and has great heterogeneity.With the accumulation of additional experience,we have garnered fresh insights into its treatment strategies.However,there remains a critical need for greater standardization in treatment protocols,alongside the pressing necessity for more robust and meticulously conducted studies to deepen our understanding of these protocols.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019-Corticosteroids Intravenous immunoglobulin Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children-Treatment

Fast fixed-time three-dimensional terminal guidance with non-concave trajectory constraint

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 208-218页

作者： Youmin gong Yanning guo Yueyong LYU Dongyu LI Guangfu MA Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Cyber Science and Technology Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Focusing on the non-concave trajectory constraint,a sliding-mode-based nonsingular feedback fast fixed-time three-dimensional terminal guidance of rotor unmanned aerial vehicle landing,planetary landing and spacecraft rendezvous and docking terminal phase with external disturbance is investigated in this paper.Firstly,a fixed-time observer based on real-time differentiator is developed to compensate for the external disturbance,whose estimation error can converge to zero after a time independent of the initial state.Then,a sliding surface ensuring fixed-time convergence is presented.This sliding surface can guarantee that the vehicle achieves a non-concave trajectory,which is better for avoiding collision and maintaining the visibility of the landing site or docking port.Next,the nonsingular guidance ensuring the fixed-time convergence of the sliding surface is proposed,which is continuous and chatter free.At last,three numerical simulations of Mars landing are performed to validate the effectiveness and correctness of the designed scheme.

关键词： Three-dimensional Terminal guidance Non-concave trajectory constraint Fast fixed-time control Sliding mode control

Oxidation behavior of 4774DD1 Ni-based single-crystal superalloy at 980℃ in air

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 116-124页

作者： Yu fang Ya-zhou Li Qiang Yang Qun-gong He Xiu-fang gong Qian Duan Hai-yang Song Fu Wang Qiong-yuan Zhang Hong Zeng State Key Laboratory of Long-Life High Temperature Materials Dongfang Turbine Co.Ltd.Deyang 618000SichuanChina State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The oxidation behavior of a novel Ni-based single-crystal 4774DD1 superalloy for industrial gas turbine applications was investigated by the isothermal oxidation at 980℃ and discontinuous oxidation weight gain methods.The phase constitution and morphology of surface oxides and the characteristics of the crosssection oxide film were analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS.Results show that the oxidation kinetics of the 4774DD1 superalloy follows the cubic law,indicating its weak oxidation resistance at this temperature.As the oxidation time increases,the composition of the oxide film evolves as following:One layer consisting of a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer after oxidized for 25 h.Then,two layers composed of an outermost small NiO discontinuous grain layer and an internal layer for 75 h.This internal layer is consisted of the bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer,an intermediate narrow CrTaO_(4)sublayer,and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer.Also two layers comprising an outermost relative continuous NiO layer with large grain size and an internal layer as the oxidation time increases to 125 h.This internal layer is composed of the upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer,an intermediate continuous(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture sublayer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer.Finally,three layers consisting of an outermost(NiAl2O_(4)+NiCr2O_(4))mixture layer,an intermediate(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture layer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)layer for 200 h.

关键词： nickel-base single crystal superalloy oxidation kinetics oxide film microstructure mechanism

Theoretical study on magnetocaloric effect and its electric-field regulation in CrI_(3)/metal heterostructure

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 134-141页

作者： Weiwei He Ziming Tang Qihua gong Min Yi Wanlin guo State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of EducationInstitute for Frontier ScienceNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics College of PhysicsNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China

The extraordinary properties of a heterostructure by stacking atom-thick van der Waals(vdW)magnets have been extensively studied.However,the magnetocaloric effect(MCE)of heterostructures that are based on monolayer magnets remains to be explored.Herein,we deliberate MCE of vd W heterostructure composed of a monolayer CrI_(3)and metal atomic layers(Ag,Hf,Au,and Pb).It is revealed that heterostructure engineering by introducing metal substrate can improve MCE of CrI_(3),particularly boosting relative cooling power to 471.72μJ m^(-2)and adiabatic temperature change to 2.1 K at 5 T for CrI_(3)/Hf.This improved MCE is ascribed to the enhancement of magnetic moment and intralayer exchange coupling in CrI_(3)due to the CrI_(3)/metal heterointerface induced charge transfer.Electric field is further found to tune MCE of CrI_(3)in heterostructures and could shift the peak temperature by around 10 K in CrI_(3)/Hf,thus manipulating the working temperature window of MCE.These theoretical results could enrich the research on low-dimensional magnetocaloric materials.

关键词： magnetocaloric effect heterostructure metal substrate

Effects of sevoflurane on left ventricular function by speckletracking echocardiography in coronary bypass patients: A randomized trial

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第1期38卷 76-86页

作者： Chanjuan gong Xiaokai Zhou Yin fang Yanjuan Zhang Linjia Zhu Zhengnian Ding Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China.

The present study aimed to dynamically observe the segmental and global myocardial movements of the left ventricle during coronary artery bypass grafting by transesophageal speckle-tracking echocardiography,and to assess the effect of sevoflurane on cardiac function.Sixty-four patients scheduled for the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into a sevoflurane-based anesthesia(AS)group and a propofolbased total intravenous anesthesia(AA)group.The AS group demonstrated a higher absolute value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain than that of the AA group at both T1(after harvesting all grafts and before coronary anastomosis)and T_(2)(30 min after completing all coronary anastomoses)(P<0.05).Moreover,strain improvement in the segment with the highest preoperative strain was significantly reduced in the AS group,compared with the AA group at both T1 and T_(2)(P<0.01).The flow of the left internal mammary artery-left anterior descending artery graft was superior,and the postoperative concentration of troponin T decreased rapidly in the AS group,compared with the AA group(P<0.05).Compared with total intravenous anesthesia,sevoflurane resulted in a significantly higher global longitudinal strain,stroke volume,and cardiac output.Sevoflurane also led to an amelioration in the condition of the arterial graft.Furthermore,sevoflurane significantly reduced strain improvement in the segmental myocardium with a high preoperative strain value.The findings need to be replicated in larger studies.

关键词： coronary artery bypass grafting speckle-tracking echocardiography sevoflurane transesophageal echocardiography

Molecular dynamics study of hydrogen-induced cracking behavior of ferrite–pearlite gas transmission pipeline steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 488-500页

作者： Tao-long Xu Si-han guo gong-zhen He Hao-yu Han Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina Sichuan East Gas Transmission Sales Center of Sinopec Natural Gas Branch Wuhan430074HubeiChina

Hydrogen embrittlement of pipelines depends on the hydrogen-induced cracking behavior of the pipeline steel microstructure.Based on molecular dynamics analysis,the ferrite–cementite(α-Fe/Fe3C)lamellar atomic structure with the Bagaryatskii orientation relationship was established,and stepwise relaxation of the conjugate gradient energy minimization and constant-temperature and constant-pressure relaxation were performed under NPT(the isothermal–isobaric)conditions.The mechanical property curves of theα-Fe/Fe3C models were obtained under different cementite terminal plane structures,and the evolution of the atomic structure was analyzed in detail.In addition,the influence of different hydrogen concentrations,different temperatures,different strain rates,changes in voids,and different micro-degrees of freedom on the deformation and failure mechanism of the model was investigated,aiming to provide a reliable way to explore the micro-mechanism of macro-cracking behavior of pipeline steel.

关键词： Ferrite-cementite lamellar structure Pipeline steel Failure mechanism Crack propagation Molecular dynamics

Bald Eagle Search Optimization Algorithm Combined with Spherical Random Shrinkage Mechanism and Its Application

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 572-605页

作者： Wenyan guo Zhuolin Hou fang Dai Xiaoxia Wang Yufan Qiang Department of Applied Mathematics School of ScienceXi'an University of TechnologyXian 710054ShaanxiChina

Over the last two decades,stochastic optimization algorithms have proved to be a very promising approach to solving a variety of complex optimization problems.Bald eagle search optimization(BES)as a new stochastic optimization algorithm with fast convergence speed has the ability of prominent optimization and the defect of collapsing in the local best.To avoid BES collapse at local optima,inspired by the fact that the volume of the sphere is the largest when the surface area is certain,an improved bald eagle search optimization algorithm(INMBES)integrating the random shrinkage mechanism of the sphere is proposed.Firstly,the INMBES embeds spherical coordinates to design a more accurate parameter update method to modify the coverage and dispersion of the population.Secondly,the population splits into elite and non-elite groups and the Bernoulli chaos is applied to elite group to tap around potential solutions of the INMBES.The non-elite group is redistributed again and the Nelder-Mead simplex strategy is applied to each group to accelerate the evolution of the worst individual and the convergence process of the INMBES.The results of Friedman and Wilcoxon rank sum tests of CEC2017 in 10,30,50,and 100 dimensions numerical optimization confirm that the INMBES has superior performance in convergence accuracy and avoiding falling into local optimization compared with other potential improved algorithms but inferior to the champion algorithm and ranking third.The three engineering constraint optimization problems and 26 real world problems and the problem of extracting the best feature subset by encapsulated feature selection method verify that the INMBES’s performance ranks first and has achieved satisfactory accuracy in solving practical problems.

关键词： Bald eagle search optimization algorithm Spherical coordinates Chaotic variation Simplex method Encapsulated feature selection

Fight or flee,a vital choice for Clostridioides difficile

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 14-20页

作者： Ji Zeng Sshuying fang Jinquan guo Min Dong guo-Bao Tian Liang Tao School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Department of Brest Surgery Panyu Central Hospital.GuangzhouChina Department of Microbiology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Urology Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Microbiology Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Advanced Medical Technology Center The First Affiliated HospitalZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina School of Medicine Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyangChina Center for Infectious Disease Research Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina Research Center for Industries of the Future School of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina

Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections,causing billions of economic losses every year.Its symptoms range from mild diarrhea to life-threatening damage to the colon.Transmission and recurrence of c.difficile infection(CDl)are mediated by the metabolically dormant spores,while the virulence of C.difficile is mainly due to the two large clostridial toxins,TcdA and TcdB.Producing toxins or forming spores are two different strategies for C.difficile to cope with harsh environmental conditions.It is of great significance to understand the molecular mechanisms for C.difficile to skew to either of the cellular processes.Here,we summarize the current understanding of the regulation and connections between toxin production and sporulation in C.difficile and further discuss the potential solutions for yet-to-be-answered questions.

关键词： C.difficile sporulation TcdA TcdB toxin production

Therapeutic potential of urine-derived stem cells in renal regeneration following acute kidney injury:A comparative analysis with mesenchymal stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 525-537页

作者： fang Li Bin Zhao Lei Zhang guo-Qing Chen Li Zhu Xiao-Ling Feng Meng-Jia gong Cheng-Chen Hu Yuan-Yuan Zhang Ming Li Yong-Qiang Liu Department of General Surgery Chongqing General HospitalChongqing 401147China Department of Pediatric Research Institute Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401147China

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a common clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality rates.The use of pluripotent stem cells holds great promise for the treatment of AKI.Urine-derived stem cells(USCs)are a novel and versatile cell source in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine that provide advantages of a noninvasive,simple,and low-cost approach and are induced with high multidifferentiation potential.Whether these cells could serve as a potential stem cell source for the treatment of AKI has not been determined.METHODS Stem cell markers with multidifferentiation potential were isolated from human amniotic fluid.AKI severe combined immune deficiency(SCID)mice models were induced by means of an intramuscular injection with glycerol.USCs isolated from human-voided urine were administered via tail veins.The functional changes in the kidney were assessed by the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine.The histologic changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining.Meanwhile,we compared the regenerative potential of USCs with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).RESULTS Treatment with USCs significantly alleviated histological destruction and functional decline.The renal function was rapidly restored after intravenous injection of 5×105 human USCs into SCID mice with glycerol-induced AKI compared with injection of saline.Results from secretion assays conducted in vitro demonstrated that both stem cell varieties released a wide array of cytokines and growth factors.This suggests that a mixture of various mediators closely interacts with their biochemical functions.Two types of stem cells showed enhanced tubular cell prolif-eration and decreased tubular cell apoptosis,although USC treatment was not more effective than MSC treatment.We found that USC therapy significantly improved renal function and histological damage,inhibited inflammation and apoptosis processes in the kidney,and promoted tubular epithelial proliferatio

关键词： Urine-derived stem cells Regenerative medicine Acute kidney injury Renal function recovery Cell therapy