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Coated sodium butyrate ameliorates high‑energy and low‑protein diet induced hepatic dysfunction via modulating mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy and apoptosis in laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1190-1206页

作者： Sasa Miao Tianming mu Ru Li Yan Li Wenyan Zhao Jiankui Li Xinyang Dong Xiaoting Zou Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(Eastern of China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China.

Background Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS),a fatty liver disease in laying hens,poses a grave threat to the layer industry,stemming from its ability to trigger an alarming plummet in egg production and usher in acute mortality among laying hens.Increasing evidence suggests that the onset and progression of fatty liver was closely related to mitochondria dysfunction.Sodium butyrate was demonstrated to modulate hepatic lipid metabolism,alle-viate oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro and mice models.Nevertheless,there is limited existing research on coated sodium butyrate(CSB)to prevent FLHS in laying hens,and whether and how CSB exerts the anti-FLHS effect still needs to be explored.In this experiment,the FLHS model was induced by administering a high-energy low-protein(HELP)diet in laying hens.The objective was to investigate the effects of CSB on alleviating FLHS with a focus on the role of CSB in modulating mitochondrial function.Methods A total of 288 healthy 28-week-old Huafeng laying hens were arbitrarily allocated into 4 groups with 6 replicates each,namely,the CON group(normal diet),HELP group(HELP diet),CH500 group(500 mg/kg CSB added to HELP diet)and CH750 group(750 mg/kg CSB added to HELP diet).The duration of the trial encompassed a period of 10 weeks.Results The result revealed that CSB ameliorated the HELP-induced FLHS by improving hepatic steatosis and patho-logical damage,reducing the gene levels of fatty acid synthesis,and promoting the mRNA levels of key enzymes of fatty acid catabolism.CSB reduced oxidative stress induced by the HELP diet,upregulated the activity of GSH-Px and SOD,and decreased the content of MDA and ROS.CSB also mitigated the HELP diet-induced inflammatory response by blocking TNF-α,IL-1β,and F4/80.In addition,dietary CSB supplementation attenuated HELP-induced activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPRmt),mitochondrial damage,and decline of ATPase activity.HELP diet decreased the autophagosome formation,and downregulated LC3B

关键词： Autophagy Coated sodium butyrate Laying hens Lipid metabolism Mitochondria

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Nucleus-targeting orange-emissive carbon dots delivery adriamycin for enhanced anti-liver cancer therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 421-426页

作者： Qiang Li Jiangbo Fan Hongkai mu Lin Chen Yongzhen Yang Shiping Yu The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001China Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001China Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Ministry of EducationTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan 030032China

Carbon dots(CDs)with precise targeting function show great potential in the field of drug delivery therapeutics.In this study,the functionalized nucleus-targeting orange-emissive CDs with nuclear localization sequence(NLS)were loaded with adriamycin(DOX)to obtain a nucleus-targeting orange-emissive CDs drug delivery system(CDs-NLS-DOX),which delivered DOX to tumor cell nuclei to enhance its anti-tumor activity.The drug carrier orange-emissive CDs showed excitation-independent behavior,stable and enhanced imaging capability and good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo.Meanwhile,the CDs-NLS could target the nuclei efficiently,and the CDs-NLS-DOX complexes had a high drug loading rate(59.4%)after loading DOX,exhibiting p H-dependent DOX release behavior through breaking acylhydrazone bond in a weak acidic environment.In addition,the CDs-NLS-DOX complexes exhibited an enhanced killing activity against human hepatoma cells(HepG2).The in vivo therapeutic effects on HepG2 nude mice transplanted tumors indicated the CDs-NLS-DOX had a stronger ability to inhibit tumor growth compared to free DOX.In short,CDs-NLS-DOX is expected to be a precise and efficient nucleus-targeting nano-drug delivery system for tumor treatment.

关键词： Carbon dots Nucleus-targeting Adriamycin Drug delivery system Liver cancer therapy

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Astronomical Test with CMOS on the 60 cm Telescope at the Xinglong Observatory,NAOC

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 85-102页

作者： Hai-Yang mu Zhou Fan Yi-Nan Zhu Yu Zhang Hong Wu Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China

This work shows details of an evaluation of an observational system comprising a complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor detector, 60 cm telescope and filter complement. The system’s photometric precision and differential photometric precision, and extinction coefficients were assessed through observations of Supersky flat fields, open clusters, standard stars and exoplanets. Photometry was precision achieved at the 0.02 mag level, with differential photometry of 0.004 mag precision. Extinction was found to agree with previous studies conducted at Xinglong Observatory. Ultimately, the results demonstrate this observing system is capable of precision scientific observations with a charge-coupled device across the optical wavelengths.

关键词： atmospheric effects-instrumentation detectors-techniques polarimetric-stars atmospheres-eclipses

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Geometric prior guided hybrid deep neural network for facial beauty analysis

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 467-480页

作者： Tianhao Peng mu Li Fangmei Chen Yong Xu David Zhang The School of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Department of Automation Moutai InstituteRenhuaiGuizhouChina The School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhenShenzhenChina The Information and Communication Engineering Department Dalian Minzu UniversityDalianChina The School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenShenzhenChina

Facial beauty analysis is an important topic in human society.It may be used as a guidance for face beautification applications such as cosmetic surgery.Deep neural networks(DNNs)have recently been adopted for facial beauty analysis and have achieved remarkable performance.However,most existing DNN-based models regard facial beauty analysis as a normal classification task.They ignore important prior knowledge in traditional machine learning models which illustrate the significant contribution of the geometric features in facial beauty analysis.To be specific,landmarks of the whole face and facial organs are introduced to extract geometric features to make the decision.Inspired by this,we introduce a novel dual-branch network for facial beauty analysis:one branch takes the Swin Transformer as the backbone to model the full face and global patterns,and another branch focuses on the masked facial organs with the residual network to model the local patterns of certain facial parts.Additionally,the designed multi-scale feature fusion module can further facilitate our network to learn complementary semantic information between the two branches.In model optimisation,we propose a hybrid loss function,where especially geometric regulation is introduced by regressing the facial landmarks and it can force the extracted features to convey facial geometric features.Experiments performed on the SCUT-FBP5500 dataset and the SCUT-FBP dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks models,which proves the effectiveness of the proposed geometric regularisation and dual-branch structure with the hybrid network.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first study to introduce a Vision Transformer into the facial beauty analysis task.

关键词： deep neural networks face analysis face biometrics image analysis

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Layered coordination polymer with two-dimensional covalent bismuth-organic networks:Semiconductor and lithium ion storage

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2181-2185页

作者： mu-Qing Li Yulin Cao Lei Qin Hua Cheng Weimin Yang Zhouguang Lu School of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen 518055China Industrial Training Center Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Single crystals of a bismuth-based coordination polymer(CP)with carboxyl-thiol ligands,[Bi(C_(8)H_(2)O_(4)S_(2))(C2H8N)]n(Bi-DSBDC-DMA,DMBDC=2,5-disulfur-1,4-dicarboxylate,DMA=dimethylamine),have been successfully synthesized.X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that Bi-DSBDC-DMA possesses a layered structure,with two-dimensional(2D)Bi-DSBDC networks alternating with layers composed of dimethylamine ions.This material demonstrates semiconducting properties,featuring an optical bandgap of 2.2 eV and an electrical conductivity of 2×10^(-8) S/cm.Furthermore,electrodes based on this material exhibit a capacity of 250 mAh/g after 200 cycles for lithium-ion storage.

关键词： bismuth layer coordination polymer(CP) semiconductor lithium ion storage

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基于质谱的单细胞分析技术研究新进展

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质谱学报 2024年第3期45卷 316-331,I0001页

作者：尤穆英楠刘心昱石先哲许国旺中国科学院大连化学物理研究所中国科学院分离分析化学重点实验室辽宁大连116023 辽宁省代谢组学重点实验室辽宁大连116023 中国科学院大学北京100049

细胞是生物体最基本的结构和功能单位。近年来,人们对细胞异质性的关注越来越多。为了分析细胞的这种异质性,避免单细胞信息被群体细胞的平均值所淹没,单细胞分析技术不断发展起来。由于单细胞的体积小,内含物质含量低且种类繁多,某些... 详细信息

细胞是生物体最基本的结构和功能单位。近年来,人们对细胞异质性的关注越来越多。为了分析细胞的这种异质性,避免单细胞信息被群体细胞的平均值所淹没,单细胞分析技术不断发展起来。由于单细胞的体积小,内含物质含量低且种类繁多,某些物质在细胞内的变化迅速,分析过程中不同物质之间相互干扰,造成了单细胞分析极具挑战性。基于质谱的单细胞分析技术具有通用性强、无需标记、高灵敏度、高分辨率、高选择性的优点,已逐渐在单细胞分析技术中脱颖而出,成为单细胞分析的理想工具。本文系统地总结了近5年来基于质谱的单细胞分析技术的最新进展,包括电喷雾电离质谱、激光解吸电离质谱、二次离子质谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱,并对未来的研究和技术方向进行展望,希望为单细胞质谱分析技术的研究提供参考。

关键词：单细胞电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS) 激光解吸电离质谱(LDI-MS) 二次离子质谱(SIMS) 电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)

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Characteristics and sources of peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)in the rural North China Plain:Results from1-year continuous observations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 719-731页

作者： Xin Liu Xiaowei He Chenglong Zhang Yifei Song Shuyang Xie Chengtang Liu Pengfei Liu Yuanyuan Zhang Yujing mu Junfeng Liu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)is an important photochemical pollutant in the troposphere,whereas long-term measurements are scarce in rural areas in North China Plain(NCP),resulting in unclear seasonal variations and sources of PAN in rural NCP.In this study,we conducted a 1-year observation of PAN during 2021-2022 at the rural NCP site.The average concentrations of PAN were 1.10,0.75,0.65,and 0.88 ppbv in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively,with a 1-year average of 0.81±0.60 ppbv.Calculations indicate that the loss of PAN through thermal decomposition in summer accounts for 43.2% of the total formed PAN,which is an important reason for the low concentration of PAN in summer.We speculate that since the correlation between PAN and O_(3) in winter is significantly lower than that in other seasons,the observed regional transport of PAN cannot be ignored in winter.Through budget analysis,regional transport accounted for 12.8% and 55.9% of the observed PAN on the spring and winter pollution days,respectively,which showed that regional transport played key roles during the photochemical pollution of the rural NCP in winter.The potential source contribution function revealed that the transported PAN mainly comes from southern Hebei in spring.In winter,the transported PAN was mainly from Langfang,Hengshui,and southern Beijing.Our findings may aid in understanding PAN variations in different seasons in rural areas and highlight the impact of regional transport on the PAN budget.

关键词： Photochemical pollution Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN) Seasonal variations Regional transport Rural area

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基于多巴胺改性纳米复合水凝胶的制备和性能

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材料研究学报 2024年第4期38卷 269-278页

作者：王仲楠郭慧母悦山北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院北京100044

分别在酸性和碱性条件下用多巴胺修饰纳米羟基磷灰石制备纳米粒子改性的复合水凝胶并研究其性能,结果表明:多巴胺能在纳米羟基磷灰石表面生成氧化膜,且改性纳米粒子中的苯环与两性离子水凝胶高分子链形成共价键结合。同时,在酸性条件下... 详细信息

分别在酸性和碱性条件下用多巴胺修饰纳米羟基磷灰石制备纳米粒子改性的复合水凝胶并研究其性能,结果表明:多巴胺能在纳米羟基磷灰石表面生成氧化膜,且改性纳米粒子中的苯环与两性离子水凝胶高分子链形成共价键结合。同时,在酸性条件下多巴胺能提高纳米羟基磷灰石的分散性进而提高两性离子水凝胶的热稳定性(323℃才发生分解),也能提高水凝胶的网络结构强度(储能模量为2.7 MPa)和内耗能力(损耗因子为0.041)。而且,酸性纳米复合水凝胶的抗压能力达到11.66 MPa,比纯PSBMA两性离子水凝胶提高了32倍。这表明,酸性纳米复合水凝胶的结构特点和力学性能与天然软骨相似。

关键词：高分子材料纳米复合水凝胶力学性能多巴胺改性纳米羟基磷灰石

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Visualizing Wallerian degeneration in the corticospinal tract after sensorimotor cortex ischemia in mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 636-641页

作者： Jiao mu Liufang Hao Zijue Wang Xuyang Fu Yusen Li Fei Hao Hongmei Duan Zhaoyang Yang Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Stroke can cause Wallerian degeneration in regions outside of the brain,particularly in the corticospinal tract.To investigate the fate of major glial cells and axons within affected areas of the corticospinal tract following stroke,we induced photochemical infarction of the sensorimotor cortex leading to Wallerian degeneration along the full extent of the corticospinal tract.We first used a routine,sensitive marker of axonal injury,amyloid precursor protein,to examine Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal tract.An antibody to amyloid precursor protein mapped exclusively to proximal axonal segments within the ischemic cortex,with no positive signal in distal parts of the corticospinal tract,at all time points.To improve visualization of Wallerian degeneration,we next utilized an orthograde virus that expresses green fluorescent protein to label the corticospinal tract and then quantitatively evaluated green fluorescent protein-expressing axons.Using this approach,we found that axonal degeneration began on day 3 post-stroke and was almost complete by 7 days after stroke.In addition,microglia mobilized and activated early,from day 7 after stroke,but did not maintain a phagocytic state over time.Meanwhile,astrocytes showed relatively delayed mobilization and a moderate response to Wallerian degeneration.Moreover,no anterograde degeneration of spinal anterior horn cells was observed in response to Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal tract.In conclusion,our data provide evidence for dynamic,pathogenic spatiotemporal changes in major cellular components of the corticospinal tract during Wallerian degeneration.

关键词： corticospinal tract green fluorescent protein microglia spinal anterior horn cells stroke virus trace Wallerian degeneration

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Toward a Learnable Climate Model in the Artificial Intelligence Era

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1281-1288页

作者： Gang HUANG Ya WANG Yoo-Geun HAM Bin mu Weichen TAO Chaoyang XIE State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Environmental Planning Graduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea School of Software Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Artificial intelligence(AI)models have significantly impacted various areas of the atmospheric sciences,reshaping our approach to climate-related challenges.Amid this AI-driven transformation,the foundational role of physics in climate science has occasionally been overlooked.Our perspective suggests that the future of climate modeling involves a synergistic partnership between AI and physics,rather than an“either/or”scenario.Scrutinizing controversies around current physical inconsistencies in large AI models,we stress the critical need for detailed dynamic diagnostics and physical constraints.Furthermore,we provide illustrative examples to guide future assessments and constraints for AI models.Regarding AI integration with numerical models,we argue that offline AI parameterization schemes may fall short of achieving global optimality,emphasizing the importance of constructing online schemes.Additionally,we highlight the significance of fostering a community culture and propose the OCR(Open,Comparable,Reproducible)principles.Through a better community culture and a deep integration of physics and AI,we contend that developing a learnable climate model,balancing AI and physics,is an achievable goal.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning learnable climate model

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