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Impacts of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency on gut microbiota

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 271-279页

作者： Yulin guo feng CAO Fei LI Department of General Surgery Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Center of Capital Medical University Beijing 100053China

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be induced by various kinds of diseases,including chronic pancreatitis,acute pancreatitis,and *** main pathogenetic mechanism of PEI involves the decline of trypsin synthesis,disorder of pancreatic fluid flow,and imbalance of secretion *** studies have shown that PEI could induce gut bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis,with the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increasing the most,which could be partially reversed by pancreatic enzyme replacement *** studies have also confirmed the association between PEI and the dysbiosis of gut *** exocrine secretions and changes in duodenal p H as well as bile salt malabsorption brought about by PEI may affect and shape the abundance and composition of gut *** turn,the gut microbiota may impact the pancreatic exocrine acinus through potential bidirectional *** forward,more and higher-quality studies are needed that focus on the mechanism underlying the impact of PEI on the gut microbiota.

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Gut microbiota Gut microbiome Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

Three-dimensional pseudo-dynamic reliability analysis of seismic shield tunnel faces combined with sparse polynomial chaos expansion

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第6期31卷 2087-2101页

作者： guo feng-qi LI Shi-wei ZOU Jin-feng School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China

To address the seismic face stability challenges encountered in urban and subsea tunnel construction,an efficient probabilistic analysis framework for shield tunnel faces under seismic conditions is *** on the upper-bound theory of limit analysis,an improved three-dimensional discrete deterministic mechanism,accounting for the heterogeneous nature of soil media,is formulated to evaluate seismic face *** metamodel of failure probabilistic assessments for seismic tunnel faces is constructed by integrating the sparse polynomial chaos expansion method(SPCE)with the modified pseudo-dynamic approach(MPD).The improved deterministic model is validated by comparing with published literature and numerical simulations results,and the SPCE-MPD metamodel is examined with the traditional MCS *** on the SPCE-MPD metamodels,the seismic effects on face failure probability and reliability index are presented and the global sensitivity analysis(GSA)is involved to reflect the influence order of seismic action ***,the proposed approach is tested to be effective by a engineering case of the Chengdu outer ring *** results show that higher uncertainty of seismic response on face stability should be noticed in areas with intense earthquakes and variation of seismic wave velocity has the most profound influence on tunnel face stability.

关键词： reliability analysis shield tunnel face sparse polynomial chaos expansion modified pseudo-dynamic approach seismic stability assessment

Machine learning model based on non-convex penalized huberized-SVM

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 81-94页

作者： Peng Wang Ji guo Lin-feng Li School of Finance and Economics Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyang712082China Research Center for Quality Development of Xizang Special Industries Xianyang712082China School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830017China

The support vector machine(SVM)is a classical machine learning *** the hinge loss and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)penalty are usually used in traditional ***,the hinge loss is not differentiable,and the LASSO penalty does not have the Oracle *** this paper,the huberized loss is combined with non-convex penalties to obtain a model that has the advantages of both the computational simplicity and the Oracle property,contributing to higher accuracy than traditional *** is experimentally demonstrated that the two non-convex huberized-SVM methods,smoothly clipped absolute deviation huberized-SVM(SCAD-HSVM)and minimax concave penalty huberized-SVM(MCP-HSVM),outperform the traditional SVM method in terms of the prediction accuracy and classifier *** are also superior in terms of variable selection,especially when there is a high linear correlation between the *** they are applied to the prediction of listed companies,the variables that can affect and predict financial distress are accurately filtered *** all the indicators,the indicators per share have the greatest influence while those of solvency have the weakest *** companies can assess the financial situation with the indicators screened by our algorithm and make an early warning of their possible financial distress in advance with higher precision.

关键词： Huberized loss Machine learning Non-convex penalties Support vector machine(SVM)

Axial enantiomers with donor-regulated TADF feature for multicolor circularly polarized electroluminescence

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2039-2045页

作者： Chen-Hao guo Wen-Long Zhao Ke-Ke Tan Wei-Chen guo Liheng feng Chuan-feng Chen Meng Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

This study optimized the TADF feature of axial chiral enantiomers through precise donor engineering,and multicolor CP-TADFwas achieved in the axial chiral *** pairs of axial enantiomers with donor-regulated TADF feature,namely(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD,and(R/S)-DPACBD,were synthesized by introducing carbazole donors with different substituents onto biphenyl cyanide *** the electron-donating ability of donors increases,the emission of these axial enantiomers ranges from 455,476 to 552 nm,their singlet-triplet energy gaps(ΔE_(ST))gradually decrease from 0.30,0.22 to 0.02 e V,accompanied by an increasement in the transition rate(k_(RISC))of RISC process,and the k_(RISC)of DPACBD could reach up to 7.16×10^(5)s^(-1).These axial enantiomers also exhibit mirror-image CD and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)***,OLEDs based on TPCBD,DPCBD,and DPACBD as emitter were then fabricated,which displayed blue,green,and orange electroluminescence with EQE_(max)of 13.0%,16.4%,and 25.0%,*** results also exhibited a phenomenon of device efficiency increasing with the enhancement of donor ***,the CP-OLEDs using(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD and(R/S)-DPACBD as emitters displayed intense CPEL signals with g_(EL)values of 3.4×10^(-3)/-4.1×10^(-3),3.2×10^(-3)/-3.1×10^(-3)and2.3×10^(-3)/-2.1×10^(-3),*** convenient molecular engineering of donor regulation in the same molecular skeleton,CP-TADF materials with multicolor CPEL and improved device performance could be conveniently achieved.

关键词： axial chirality thermally activated delayed fluorescence circularly polarized luminescence electroluminescence organic light-emitting diodes

Plant-derived nanovesicles as an emerging platform for cancer therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 133-154页

作者： Hanzhe Liu guo-feng Luo Zhengjun Shang The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology(Hubei-MOST)&Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

Plant-derived nanovesicles(PDNVs)derived from natural green products have emerged as an attractive nanoplatform in biomedical *** are usually characterized by unique structural and biological functions,such as the bioactive lipids/proteins/nucleic acids as therapeutics and targeting groups,immune-modulation,and long-term *** the rapid development of nanotechnology,materials,and synthetic chemistry,PDNVs can be engineered with multiple functions for efficient drug delivery and specific killing of diseased cells,which represent an innovative biomaterial with high biocompatibility for fighting against *** this review,we provide an overview of the state-of-theart studies concerning the development of PDNVs for cancer *** original sources,methods for obtaining PDNVs,composition and structure are introduced *** an emphasis on the featured application,the inherent anticancer properties of PDNVs as well as the strategies in constructing multifunctional PDNVs-based nanomaterials will be discussed in ***,some scientific issues and technical challenges of PDNVs as promising options in improving anticancer therapy will be discussed,which are expected to promote the further development of PDNVs in clinical translation.

关键词： Naturally occurring nanovesicles Plant Nanotechnology Drug delivery Cancer therapy

Cotton leaf disease detection method based on improved SSD

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 211-220页

作者： Wenjuan guo Shuo feng Quan feng Xiangzhou Li Xueze Gao College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Cyber Security Gansu University of Political Science and LawLanzhou 730070China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa’an 625014China

In response to the problems of numerous model parameters and low detection accuracy in SSD-based cotton leaf disease detection methods,a cotton leaf disease detection method based on improved SSD was proposed by combining the characteristics of cotton leaf ***,the lightweight network MobileNetV2 was introduced to improve the backbone feature extraction network,which provides more abundant semantic information and details while significantly reducing the amount of model parameters and computing complexity,and accelerates the detection speed to achieve real-time ***,the SE attention mechanism,ECA attention mechanism,and CBAM attention mechanism were fused to filter out disease target features and effectively suppress the feature information of jamming targets,generating feature maps with strong semantics and precise location *** test results on the self-built cotton leaf disease dataset show that the parameter quantity of the SSD_MobileNetV2 model with backbone network of MobileNetV2 was 50.9%of the SSD_VGG model taking VGG as the *** with SSD_VGG model,the P,R,F1 values,and mAP of the MobileNetV2 model increased by 4.37%,3.3%,3.8%,and 8.79%respectively,while FPS increased by 22.5 frames/*** SE,ECA,and CBAM attention mechanisms were introduced into the SSD_VGG model and SSD_MobileNetV2 *** gradient weighted class activation mapping algorithm to explain the model detection process and visually compare the detection results of each *** results indicate that the P,R,F1 values,mAP and FPS of the SSD_MobileNetV2+ECA model were higher than other models that introduced the attention ***,this model has less parameter with faster running speed,and is more suitable for detecting cotton diseases in complex environments,showing the best detection ***,the improved SSD_MobileNetV2+ECA model significantly enhanced the semantic information of the shallow feature map of the model,and has a goo

关键词： cotton disease detection SSD MobileNetV2 attention mechanism

Design and implementation of a multi-tile parallel scanning rasterization accelerator

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 94-104页

作者： Xing Lidong guo Qiang Peng Xinlong feng Zhenfu School of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China

In the design of a graphic processing unit(GPU),the processing speed of triangle rasterization is an important factor that determines the performance of the *** architecture of a multi-tile parallel-scan rasterization accelerator was proposed in this *** accelerator uses a bounding box algorithm to improve scanning *** rasterizes multiple tiles in parallel and scans multiple lines at the same time within each *** highly parallel approach drastically improves the performance of *** the 65 nm process standard cell library of Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation(SMIC),the accelerator can be synthesized to a maximum clock frequency of 220 *** implementation on the Genesys2 field programmable gate array(FPGA)board fully verifies the functionality of the *** implementation shows a significant improvement in rendering speed and efficiency and proves its suitability for high-performance rasterization.

关键词： graphic processing unit(GPU) rasterization multi-tile parallelism

Towards the universal defense for query-based audio adversarial attacks on speech recognition system

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Cybersecurity 2024年第1期7卷 53-70页

作者： feng guo Zheng Sun Yuxuan Chen Lei Ju School of Cyber Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina Quancheng Laboratory QCLJinanChina

Recently,studies show that deep learning-based automatic speech recognition(ASR)systems are vulnerable to adversarial examples(AEs),which add a small amount of noise to the original audio *** AE attacks pose new challenges to deep learning security and have raised significant concerns about deploying ASR systems and *** existing defense methods are either limited in application or only defend on results,but not on *** this work,we propose a novel method to infer the adversary intent and discover audio adversarial examples based on the AEs generation *** insight of this method is based on the observation:many existing audio AE attacks utilize query-based methods,which means the adversary must send continuous and similar queries to target ASR models during the audio AE generation *** by this observation,We propose a memory mechanism by adopting audio fingerprint technology to analyze the similarity of the current query with a certain length of memory ***,we can identify when a sequence of queries appears to be suspectable to generate audio *** extensive evaluation on four state-of-the-art audio AE attacks,we demonstrate that on average our defense identify the adversary’s intent with over 90%*** careful regard for robustness evaluations,we also analyze our proposed defense and its strength to withstand two adaptive ***,our scheme is available out-of-the-box and directly compatible with any ensemble of ASR defense models to uncover audio AE attacks effectively without model retraining.

关键词： Adversarial attacks Defense Memory mechanism Query-based

Heteroepitaxial growth of Au@Pd core–shell nanocrystals with intrinsic chiral surfaces for enantiomeric recognition

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 225-235页

作者： feng-Xia Wu feng-Hua Li Xia-Li Lv Qi-Xian Zhang guo-Bao Xu Wen-Xin Niu State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Shaoxing Institute of Technology Shanghai UniversityShaoxing 312000China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200436China Zhejiang Institute of Advanced Materials Shanghai UniversityJiashan 314113China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Noble metal surfaces with intrinsic chirality serve as an ideal candidate for investigating enantioselective chemistry due to their superior chemical durability and high catalytic ***,significant advance has been made in synthesizing metal nanocrystals with intrinsic ***,the majority reports are limited to ***,through a heteroepitaxial growth strategy,the synthesis of metal nanocrystals with intrinsic chirality to palladium was extended for the first time and their application in enantioselective recognition was *** heteroepitaxial growth strategy allows for transferring the chirality of homochiral Au nanocrystals to Au@Pd core–shell *** employing the chiral Au@Pd nanocrystals as enantiomeric recognizing elements,a series of electrochemical sensors for chiral discrimination were *** optimal conditions,the peak potential between D-dihydroxyphenylalanine(D-DOPA)and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine(L-DOPA)is about 80 m V,and the peak current of D-DOPA is 2 times as much as that of L-DOPA,which enables the determination of the enantiomeric excess(EE,%)of ***,this report not only introduces a heteroepitaxial growth strategy to synthesize metal nanocrystals with intrinsic chirality,but also demonstrates the superior capability of integrating intrinsic chirality and catalytic properties into metal nanocrystals for chiral recognition.

关键词： Core–shell nanostructures Chirality transfer Electrochemical sensors Chiral recognition Chiroplasmonics