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Science China Materials 2024年第10期67卷 3151-3159页

作者： Baichao Zhang Xuchuan Cao Chao Suo Jing Cui Xiaochuan Duan shaohui guo Xian-Ming Zhang Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCollege of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Utilizing plasmonic non-noble metal nanoparticles(NPs)for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction is a significant step toward green energy ***,optimizing the interface between non-noble metal NPs and semiconducting materials in metal-semiconductor composites remains challenging owing to the inevitable surface oxide layers of non-noble metal NPs because the surface oxide layers of non-noble metal NPs can suppress the transfer of photoinduced carriers,leading to poor photocatalytic ***,we propose a photoinduced interface activation strategy to reduce the number of oxide layers based on a dynamic charge-transfer mechanism under illumination conditions,with Bi NPs and a Ni-based metal-organic framework(MOF)selected as model *** light illumination,the photoinduced charges and plasmonic hot electrons heavily pooled at the interface between the Bi NPs and Ni-MOF,resulting in the reduction of the oxide layer on the surface of Bi,thus attenuating its hindering effect on charge *** phenomenon led to a dynamically enhanced carrier concentration in the Bi/Ni-MOF composite,with an outstanding photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 5822μmol g^(−1)h^(−1)achieved with the *** results of this study indicate that our strategy provides a new method for optimizing plasmonic non-noble metal Bi NPs with oxide layers.

关键词： plasmonic non-noble metal interface activation metal-organic framework charge transfer photocatalytic hydrogen

A comprehensive evaluation of re-circulated bio-filter as a pretreatment process for petroleum refinery wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第12期28卷 49-55页

作者： Xiaoli Dai Chunmao then Guangxu Yan Yu Chen shaohui guo State Key Laboratory of Heavy 0il Processing Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249China

Conventional biological treatment process is not very efficient for the treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater （PRW） that contains high-concentration of organic contaminants. Prior to biological treatment, an additional pretreatment process for PRW is required for the effluent to meet the discharge standards. While re-circulated bio-filter （RBF） has been applied as a pretreatment process in several PRW treatment plants, its effects have not been comprehen- sively evaluated. In this study, the parameters of operation, the changes in pollution indexes and contaminant composition in an engineered RBF have been investigated. We found that mainly highly active de-carbonization bacteria were present in the RBF, while no nitrification bacteria were found in the RBF. This indicated the absence of nitrification in this process. The biodegradable organic contaminants were susceptible to degradation by RBF, which decreased the Biological Oxygen Demand （BODs） by 83.64% and the Chemical Oxygen Demand （CODcr） by 54.63%. Consequently, the alkalinity and pH value of RBF effluent significantly increased, which was unfavorable for the control of operating parameters in subsequent biological treatment. Along with the decrease of CODcr, the RBF effluent exhibited a reduction in biodegradability. 834 kinds of recalcitrant polar organic contaminants remained in the effluent; most of the contaminant molecules having complex structures of aromatic, polycyclic and heterocyclic rings. The results of this study showed that RBF could efficiently treat PRW for biodegradable organic contaminants removal; however, it is difficult to treat bio-refractory organic contaminants, which was unfavorable for the subsequent biological treatment process operation. An improved process might provide overall guarantees for the PRW treatment.

关键词： Petroleum refinery wastewater Re-circulated bio-filter Pretreatment Comprehensive evaluation

New concept on coal structure and new consideration for the generation mechanism of oil from coal

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第24期43卷 2025-2035页

作者： Kuangzong Qin shaohui guo Shuyuan Li Univ Petr Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The traditional two_phase structural model of coal based on the chemical covalence bonding has to be revised since recent discoveries of powerful mixed solvent such as CS-2/C-5H-9N, giving extra high yields in coal extraction at room temperature. It is believed that the physically associated interactions play important roles in the structure of coal. A composite model of coal is suggested. The organic matter of coal is mainly composed of some parts: the rigid 3_D macromolecules linked with chemical bonds; the polar molecules of high and moderate molecular weights, corresponding to asphaltenes and resins; the hydrocarbons with lower molecular weights. The polar molecules are associated by physical interactions (such as hydrogen bonding, charge transfer interactions, π_π interactions of aromatic sheets, etc.) each other and with macromolecules to form the network structure, in which some smaller nonpolar molecules are trapped. Based on the new concept of the composite coal model, some considerations for the generation mechanism of oil from coal have approached. Since the energy level of physical association is much lower than the chemical covalent bonding, the upper threshold of oil window for the generation of oil from coal seems not to be limited strictly after the theory of oil generation at the latter stage of the kerogen maturation. It looks reasonable to pay more attention to the geological conditions including the salt, water, minerals and environments of the sedimentation. The evolution process of physically associated interactions in the composite structure of coal and the generation of oil is thought to be intimately influenced by these factors.

关键词： Oil from coal coal structure generation mechanism of oil

Causes Leading to Formation of Shot Cokes and Measures for Its Prevention in Super Viscous Oil Delayed Coking Unit

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2007年第1期9卷 19-24页

作者： Chen Chunmao Zhang Feng Yan Guangxu guo shaohui State Key Laboratory for Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 Liaohe Petrochemical Corporation of PetroChina Panjin 124002

Shot cokes are frequently formed in the delayed coking unit treating the super viscous oil at PetroChina＇s Liaohe Petrochemical Company. Considerable work has been carded out to avoid the formation of shot cokes. The test results obtained have shown that the property of super viscous oil has played a key role in the formation of shot cokes. After adjusting and optimizing the process indices the operating regime of the delayed coking unit at a throughput of 118t/h of the super viscous oil is specified as follows： a reaction temperature of 498-502℃, a reaction pressure of 0.17-0.25 MPa, a recycle ratio of 0.5-0.6 and a fractionation tower bottom temperature of 355-365 ℃. In the meantime, the delayed coking process has adopted measures to enhance pre-fractionation of the feedstock to rationally remove light fractions and maintain a steady gas velocity in order to avoid the formation of shot cokes.

关键词： delayed coking unit super viscous oil shot cokes preventive methods

Isolation and Characteristics of a Microbial Consortium for Effectively Degrading Phenanthrene

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Petroleum Science 2007年第3期4卷 68-75页

作者： Wang Jing Xu Hongke guo shaohui School of Chemical Science ＆ Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

A microbial consortium （named W4） capable of aerobic biodegradation of solid phenanthrene as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated by selective enrichment from petroleum-contaminated soil in the Henan oilfield, China. The strains of the consortium were identified as Sphingomonas cloacae, Rhizobium sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Achromobacter xylosoxidans respectively by means of genetic methods. The major metabolites of phenanthrene were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The biodegradation percentage of solid phenanthrene at 200 mg/L in liquid medium after 7 days of growth was greater than 99%. The degradation of phenanthrene was compared between individual predominant strains and the microbial consortium in different treatment processes. The microbial consortium showed a significant improvement of phenanthrene degradation rates in either static or shaking culture. The degradation percentage of phenanthrene by the consortium W4 decreased to some degree when C 16 coexisted, however it was hardly affected by C30. Furthermore, the ability of consortium W4 to remediate oil sludge from the Dagang oil refinery was studied by composting, and it was found that the consortium W4 could obviously remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAils） and paraffinic hydrocarbons. All the results indicated that the microbial consortium W4 had a promising application in bioremediation of oil-contaminated environments and could be potentially used in microbial enhanced oil recovery （MEOR）.

关键词： Phenanthrene consortium biodegradation bioremediation

Treatment of drilling wastewater using a weakly basic resin

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Petroleum Science 2008年第3期5卷 275-279页

作者： Lu Rongh Mu Bo Zhang Hongyan guo shaohui School of Chemical Science ＆ Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Macroporous weak basic anion exchanger （D301R） was used to remove organic substances from drilling wastewater. The effect of pH, temperature and contact time on adsorption behavior was investigated in batch experiments, which indicated that the COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand） removal ratio of drilling wastewater was approximately 90%, and the COD of treated wastewater was below 70 mg/L under appropriate operating conditions. A mixed liquor of NaOH and NaCI was selected as desorbent because of its better elution performance. The results of column dynamic adsorption and regeneration showed that the COD of wastewater could be efficiently removed by D301R resin, and the resin was easily regenerated by the selected desorbent.

关键词： Ion-exchange drilling wastewater weak basic anion resin wastewater treatment

STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC GEOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES AND GENERATION OF IMMATURE OIL

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石油勘探与开发 1997年第5期 110-117页

作者： Qin Kuangzong guo shaohui Li Shuyuan(University of Peroleum, Beijing, 100083)

Immature oil is a kind of important irregular oil resource- From the view point of the structure oforganic geological macromolecules, structural characteristics of the macromolecules favorable to the generation ofimmature oil are discussed. Firstly, they have to be abundant in long chain afiphatic structure, with the methylenecarbon content as the parameter. Secondly, the important role of weak linkages is elucidated by the kineticparameters derived from the relationship between their dissociation energies and activation energies. These weaklinkages incIude mainly the heteroatomic structures of aliphatic sulfor-carbon bonds, of her and ester linkages, aswell as aryl alkyl linkages on the β sites The modern analytical methods of these structural parameters are alsoevaluated. In addition, the importance of the nloiecular weight and the cross linking degree of the geologicalmacromolecules to the generation of immature oil are approached. Based on these factors, with the view point ofstructural evolution of macromolecules, the authors depicted a scheme of the chemical process for the generationof immature oil.

关键词： Immature oil Molecular structure Oil and gas origin Activation energy (Dissociation energy) (Geological macromolecule)

Pretreatment of super viscous oil wastewater and its application in refinery

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Petroleum Science 2008年第3期5卷 269-274页

作者： Chen Chunmao Yan Guangxu guo shaohui Yang Yong State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China School of Environmental Engineering Liaoning University of Petroleum ＆ Chemical Technology Fushun 113001Liaoning China

Wastewater from super viscous oil processing cannot be effectively treated by conventional wastewater treatment plants in refineries because of its high concentration of various organic pollutants. In order to resolve this problem, a number of investigations were conducted in our work to understand the physicochemical properties, sedimentation, demulsification and pretreatment of such super viscous oil refinery wastewater. The results showed that the key issues for pretreatment of this wastewater were：（1） Optimized process parameters were used in the sedimentation and demulsification processes for oil removal to effectively recover oil and remove scum from wastewater; （2） A suitable flocculation process was selected to minimize oil, suspended solids （SS） and chemical oxygen demand （CODcr）. A pretreatment process including three continuous steps： oil removal by sedimentation, oil removal by demulsification, and flotation separation, was proposed and applied in Liaohe Petrochemical Company, PetroChina and the oil content in effluents was less than 200 mg/L and CODcr less than 2,500 mg/L, which completely met the requirement for influent of the conventional wastewater treatment plant, and the recovered super viscous oil reached 5,873 tons in the initial year in Liaohe Petrochemical Company, PetroChina.

关键词： Super viscous oil refinery wastewater pretreatment process sedimentation demulsification flocculation

Study of a mass transfer-reaction model for SO_2 absorption process using LAS/H_2SO_4 solution

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Petroleum Science 2010年第3期7卷 397-402页

作者： Yue Changtao Li Shuyuan Chen Weihong guo shaohui Yang Yuhua Sha Yingxun State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corporation of SINOPEC Luoyang 471003 China

A regenerative absorption process for removal of SOx from FCC off-gas using LAS/ H2SO4 solution as absorbant was studied and pilot-plant experiments were carried out. A mass transfer- reaction model for the SO2 absorption process was established based on pilot-plant experiments, and the concentration distribution of components in the liquid film, and the partial pressure and mass transfer rate of SO2 along the height of the absorption tower, was calculated from this model. The numerical simulation results were compared with the experimental results and proved that the model can be used for describing the SO2 absorption process.

关键词： Regenerative absorption process SOx cleanup LAS/H2SO4 solution mass transfer-reactionmodel

多杂质用水网络最优化设计——水质分析及数学规划法

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化工学报 2008年第6期59卷 1441-1447页

作者：刘强阎光绪郭绍辉中国石油大学(北京)环境研发中心北京102249

在多杂质用水系统中,各操作出水水质会以不同杂质为主要因素,难以直接比较水质优劣,本文提出了水质分析与数学规划法相结合的用水网络最优化设计方法,对进出口水的极限数据进行分析得出水质状况并对它们按优劣进行排序,优先将排在前面... 详细信息

在多杂质用水系统中,各操作出水水质会以不同杂质为主要因素,难以直接比较水质优劣,本文提出了水质分析与数学规划法相结合的用水网络最优化设计方法,对进出口水的极限数据进行分析得出水质状况并对它们按优劣进行排序,优先将排在前面的、节水效果好的操作作为供水源,在水量足够的情况下,对后面的操作不予考虑,以此来简化用水网络超结构模型,然后利用GAMS软件对经过简化后的超结构进行非线性规划并求解,通过两个例子的分析,证明了本方法的有效性。

关键词：用水网络多杂质数学规划法优化 GAMS 回用