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Classical Correlations vs Quantum Correlations—Similarities, Differences, Opportunities

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第9期12卷 3237-3260页

作者： gunter Meissner Sidy Danioko Pedro Villarreal IEOR Department Columbia University New York USA

Classical Correlations were founded in 1900 by Karl Pearson and have since been applied as a statistical tool in virtually all sciences. Quantum correlations go back to Albert Einstein et al. in 1935 and Erwin Schrödinger’s responses shortly after. In this paper, we contrast classical with quantum correlations. we find that classical correlations are weaker than quantum correlations in the CHSH framework. with respect to correlation matrices, the trace of classical correlation matrices is dissimilar to quantum density matrices. However, the off-diagonal terms have equivalent interpretations. we contrast classical dynamic (i.e., time evolving) stochastic correlation with dynamic quantum density matrices and find that the off-diagonal elements, while different in nature, have similar interpretations. So far, due to the laws of quantum physics, no classical correlations are applied to the quantum spectrum. However, conversely, quantum correlations are applied in classical environments such as quantum computing, cryptography, metrology, teleportation, medical imaging, laser technology, the quantum Internet and more.

关键词： Classical Correlations Quantum Correlations CHSH Framework Correlation Matrices Quantum Computing

A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 97-109页

作者： Jaikrishna Balakittnen Chameera Ekanayake weeramange Daniel F.wallace Pascal H.G.Duijf Alexandre S.Cristino gunter Hartel Roberto A.Barrero Touraj Taheri Liz Kenny Sarju Vasani Martin Batstone Omar Breik Chamindie Punyadeera Saliva&Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Menzies Health Institute Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Cancer Biology Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South Australia&SA PathologyAdelaideSAAustralia Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Genetics Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Statistics UnitBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Nursing Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia eResearch Research InfrastructureAcademic DivisionQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Royal Brisbane and women’s Hospital Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Otolaryngology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Oral cancer (OC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer. Despite the high incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, there are no biomarkers for the early detection of OC. This study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n=50), OPMD (n=52), and controls(n=60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p,miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in the discovery phase and were validated. The efficiency of our eight-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was:area under curve (AUC):0.954, sensitivity:86%, specificity:90%,positive predictive value (PPV):87.8%and negative predictive value (NPV):88.5%whereas between OC and OPMD was:AUC:0.911,sensitivity:90%, specificity:82.7%, PPV:74.2%and NPV:89.6%. we have developed a risk probability score to predict the presence or risk of OC in OPMD patients. we established a salivary miRNA signature that can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC,revolutionising the management of patients with OPMD. Together, our results shed new light on the management of OC by salivary miRNAs to the clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.

关键词： specificity salivary diagnosis

Take-over:multiple mechanisms of inter-adipocyte communication

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2011年第2期3卷 81-90页

作者： gunter Muller Department Biology I Genetics MartinsriedBiocenterLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunichGermany

Adipose tissue mass in mammals is thought to expand with an increase in both volume and total number of the *** findings suggest that in normal-weight as well as obese individuals,the adipocyte number is set during adolescence prior to adulthood,whereas the subsequent increase in size predominantly drives *** simultaneous existence of large and small adipocytes and their unsynchronized growth,even within the same adipose tissue depot,argues against simple filling-up of emerging adipocytes with lipids and lipid droplets(LDs).Consequently,it is tempting to speculate about signals sent by large adipocytes to order small adipocytes the take-over of the burden of lipid *** there is experimental evidence for three distinct types of inter-adipocyte signals,***-to-cell contacts,adipokines,and other soluble factors and *** recently,microvesicles have been shown(i)to harbour the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored(c)AMP-degrading phosphodiesterase Gce1 and 5′-nucleotidase CD73,(ii)to be released from large adipocytes,(iii)to interact with small adipocytes,and(iv)to transfer Gce1 and CD73 to plasma membranes and LDs of small adipocytes where they degrade(c)*** sequence of events leads to the up-regulation of lipid storage in small adipocytes in response to the microvesicle-encoded‘take-over’signal from large adipocytes.A model is proposed for the maturation of small adipocytes driven by large ones along a gradient of those inter-adipocyte *** modulation of inter-adipocyte communication and thereby adipocyte maturation may be useful for the therapy of metabolic diseases.

关键词： adipokines fat cells glycosylphosphatidylinositol lipid droplets lipid metabolism microvesicles obesity type 2 diabetes

Solid state crack repair by friction stir processing in 304L stainless steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 140-147页

作者： C.gunter M.P.Miles F.C.Liu T.w Nelson Manufacturing Engineering Technology Brigham Young University Department of Mechanical Engineering Brigham Young University

Friction stir processing （FSP） was investigated as a method of repairing cracks in 12 mm thick 304L stainless steel plate. Healing feasibility was demonstrated by processing a tapered crack using a PCBN/w- Re tool with a 25 mm diameter shoulder and a pin length of 6.4 mm. The experiment showed that it was possible to heal a crack that begins narrow and then progressively grows up to a width of 2 mm. Bead on plate experiments were used to find the best parameters for creating a consolidated stir zone with the least amount of hardness difference compared to the base metal. Grain refinement in some specimens resulted in much higher stir zone hardness, compared to base metal, A plot of grain size versus microhardness showed a very strong inverse correlation between grain size and hardness, as expected from the Hall- Perch relationship. Corrosion testing was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of FSP on potential sensitization of the stir zone. After 1000 h of intermittent immersion in 3.5% saline solution at room temperature it was found that no corrosion products formed on the base material controls or on any of the friction stir processed specimens.

关键词： Stainless steel Crack healing Friction stir processing Corrosion resistance

How cognitive neuroscience can enhance education and population mental health

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Science Bulletin 2022年第15期67卷 1542-1543页

作者： Tianye Jia gunter Schumann Center for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine(PONS) Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired IntelligenceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China PONS-Center Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCharitéCampus MitteCharitéUniversitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany

Adolescence is one of the most critical periods for human brain development,as evidenced by neuronal maturation processes of synaptic pruning and synapse stabilization[1-3],which together improve the efficiency of information transfer in the *** development is coincidental with maturing in multiple cognitive and behavioral capabilities,such as better motor skills,abstract thinking,and complex semantic *** the other hand,many psychiatric disorders,such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),conduct disorder,anxiety,and depression,also have their peak onset in adolescence[4].Therefore,it is vital to understand how the maturing process of the brain during adolescence could affect cognitive growth and psychopathology.

关键词：认知神经科学群体心理 pathology

Lithostratigraphy,Sedimentology,and Provenance of the Balfour Formation(Beaufort Group) in the Fort Beaufort-Alice Area,Eastern Cape Province,South Africa

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第5期83卷 902-916页

作者： David KATEMAUNZANGA Cornelis Janse gunter Council for Geoscience PretoriaSouth Africa Geology Department University of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa

The Balfour Formation has a pronounced lithological variation that is characterized by alternating sandstone- and mudstone-dominated members. The sandstone-dominated Oudeberg and Barberskrans Members are composed of lithofacies that range from intraformationai conglomerates to fine-grained sediments, whereas the mudstone-dominated members （Daggaboersnek, Elandsberg, and Palingkloof） are dominated by the facies Fm and FI. Petrography, geochemistry, and a paleocurrent analysis indicated that the source rock of the Balfour Formation was to south east and the rocks had a transitional/dissected magmatic arc signature. The sandstones-rich members were deposited by seasonal and ephemeral high-energy, low-sinuous streams, and the fine-grained-rich members were formed by ephemeral meandering streams. The paleoclimates have been equated to present temperate climates; they were semiarid becoming arid towards the top of the Balfour Formation. This has been determined by reconstructing the paleolatitude of the Karoo Basin, geochemistry, paleontology, sedimentary structures, and other rock properties, like color.

关键词： Balfour Formation Karoo Supergroup Beaufort Group lithostratigraphy sedimentology provenance Permo-Triassic

Analysis and handling of bio-nanoparticles and environmental nanoparticles using electrostatic aerosol mobility

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Particuology 2013年第1期11卷 14-19页

作者： Peter Kallinger Victor U.weiss Angela Lehner gunter Allmaier wladyslaw w.Szymanski University of Vienna.Faculty of Physics Boltzmanngasse 5A-1090 ViennaAustria Vienna University of Technology Institute of Chemical Technologies and AnalyticsCetreidemarkt 9A-1060 ViennaAustria University of Vienna Faculty of PhysicsBoltzmanngasse 5A-1090 ViennaAustria

The successful application of differential mobility analysis for the characterization and manipulation of nanoparticles at atmospheric pressure has given rise to further development of this technique. The parallel differential mobility analyzer provides the possibility to simultaneously measure a size spec- trum of nanoparticles and select a particular set of nanoparticles with a defined size for collection （as well as enrichment） and further orthogonal analysis （as for example electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy or mass spectrometry）. Performing a high resolution measurement of electrical mobility diameters allows molecular weight determination of species with ultrahigh molecular masses in the mega Dalton range （e.g. protein complexes）. The precise size measurement of the human rhinovirus has confirmed the potential of this technique to analyze even intact infectious human-pathogenic viruses. Moreover, the real-time measurement of nanoparticle occurrence in an urban environment confirms the versatility of the method presented here and its applicability also in other areas of importance.

关键词： Nanoparticles Environmental burden Virus measurement PDMA GEMMA

“Green Technology”: To Solve a Pressing Economic and Ecological Problem--An interview with gunter Larisch, expert from Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics

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国际人才交流 2020年第11期 66-67页

作者： [German]gunter Larisch 不详

Prof. gunter Larisch graduated from the Technical University ofBerlin. Since 2018, he has been engaged in research work relatedto the fabrication, characterization, and application of energyefficient,high-speed vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs) at the Center of NanoPhotonics. He has won the SPIEPhotonics west “Green Photonics Award” three times. In 2019,he joined Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics andPhysics through the CAS President’s International FellowshipInitiative (PIFI), and started to work in the Bimberg Chinese-German Green Photonics Research Center.

关键词： SPIE Changchun cavity

Predisposing factors for atrial fibrillation in the elderly

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第3期14卷 179-184页

作者： Kristina wasmer Lars Eckardt gunter Breithardt Division of Electrophysiology Department of Cardiovascular Medicine University Hospital Miinster Germany

Atrial fibrillation （AF） in the elderly occurs as a consequence of cardiovascular aging and an age related increase of comorbidity. Several predisposing factors for AF have been identified for the overall AF population. Most of them, cardiovascular disease in particular, play a role in younger and older patients. The longer time period during which these risk factors can cause structural changes that ultimately lead to AF may, at least in part, explain the association between age and AF. In addition, less well defined age-related changes in cellular electrophysi- ologic properties and structure predispose to AF in the elderly.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrosis Mechanisms Risk factors Stroke The elderly