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探索挪威西部奈于斯特流域酸化的复原

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2003年第3期32卷 235-239页

作者： g.dtfred A. Halvorsen Einar Heeg.ard Arne Fjellheim gunnar g. raddum 郭家梁卑尔根大学动物学系淡水生态学与内陆渔业实验室研究科学家卑尔根大学植物学研究所卑尔根大学动物学研究所卑尔根大学

使用一种新方法一多余度分析(RDA),检查了是否挪威西部奈于斯特流域酸化的化学复原在大型底栖动物群落结构中产生了可测的复原。RDA结果与基于使用高度专门化和区域化界定的生物酸度指数测得的变化的复原测量值作了比较。我们发现,在198... 详细信息

使用一种新方法一多余度分析(RDA),检查了是否挪威西部奈于斯特流域酸化的化学复原在大型底栖动物群落结构中产生了可测的复原。RDA结果与基于使用高度专门化和区域化界定的生物酸度指数测得的变化的复原测量值作了比较。我们发现,在1989～1998年期间,奈于斯特流域生物复原即开始出现。复原是在奈于斯特河上游及其各支流发生的。多变量方法已证明是酸度指数方法的一种补充,将两者结合使用能够得到大量的生物信息。RDA方法是一种保守的方法,即不会过高地估计生物复原,而且不像酸度指数。从地理上来说不会受到约束。我们还发现,一些季节性气候因素强烈地影响着底栖生物群落,可能引起对生物复原过程检测的混淆。

关键词：挪威奈于斯特流域酸化化学复原气候因素底栖生物群落多余度分析

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酸化湖泊水生生物恢复的理论框架构建

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2003年第3期32卷 165-169页

作者： Norman D.Yan Brian Leung.Wendel (Bill) Keller Shelley E. Arnott John M.g.nn gunnar g. raddum 陈晓剑约克大学圣母玛利亚大学劳伦大学生物系女王大学生物系劳伦大学安大略自然资源部卑尔根大学

在欧洲和北美广大地区,随着大气硫沉降的减少,地表水体酸度正在逐渐降低,但是对水质改善的生态响应过程却依然扑朔迷离。有些湖泊和河流的生物正在恢复。有些水体的生物并没有得到恢复。为理解这些生物响应的差异,有利于酸雨问题的有效... 详细信息

在欧洲和北美广大地区,随着大气硫沉降的减少,地表水体酸度正在逐渐降低,但是对水质改善的生态响应过程却依然扑朔迷离。有些湖泊和河流的生物正在恢复。有些水体的生物并没有得到恢复。为理解这些生物响应的差异,有利于酸雨问题的有效管理,我们需要对下面2个问题有清晰的认识:①生物群落恢复所必须经历的生态步骤:②倘若恢复受阻,从哪里着手对恢复进程实施干预,如何干预本文通过构建一套理论框架来回答上述问题。弟一层框架是基于生态学考虑而构建的,通过决策树来反映生态恢复进程中必须经历的若干步骤。步骤之间则通过管理工具或对瓶颈的响应来连接。水质不佳,移生生物供给不足以建群。以及群落水平上对恢复动态变化的阻碍等等都可能成为恢复的瓶颈所在。第二层框架则是基于管理层次来构建的,为了克服瓶颈,框架指明从哪里着手对恢复进程实施干预,为建模来进一步将框架具体化,需要做哪些研究。一旦我们可以用模型来预测酸化水体生态恢复的速率和程度。对硫排放减少带来的效益评价就变得简单起来。而这些模型的构建需要充分认识恢复进程中的生态步骤。本文提出的理论框架将有助于我们朝这个目标迈进。

关键词：酸化湖泊水生生物恢复理论框架构建欧洲北美大气硫沉降

Effects of virus infection on expression of cell cycle reg.latory proteins in the unicellular marine alg.e Emiliania huxleyi

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Acta Oceanolog.ca Sinica 2011年第4期30卷 89-95页

作者： LIU Jing.en gunnar Bratbak ZHENg.Tianling.Runar Thyrhaug Bioeng.neering.Colleg. of Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China Department of Microbiolog. University of Bergen Bergen N-5020 Norway Key Laboratory of MOE for Coast and Wetland Ecosystem School of Life Sciences XiamenUniversity Xiamen 361005 China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Sciences of Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

The authors have investig.ted the biochemical events by which marine alg.l virus infection induces cell cycle arrest. The key g.2 /M-phase reg.latory proteins are analyzed by immunobloting.in unicel-lular Emiliania huxleyi,sug.esting.that virus induced cell cycle arrest is related with virus＇s effect on cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases. E. huxleyi virus（EhV） represses Cdc2/cyclinB complex activity by inhibiting.the activity of Cdc2 kinase in a phosphorylation-related manner,blocking.host cells g.2 /M checkpoint. Dephosphorylated /inactive Cdc25C combined with up-reg.lation of Wee1 expression at early infect period appears to be important mechanisms by which EhV represses Cdc2/cyclinB complex activity that is required for entry into M phase. This study has allowed us to confirm that alg.l virus infection leads to selective activation or inhibition of certain cell-cycle factors,which may play a sig.ificant role in establishing.a more efficient environment for viral g.ne expression and DNA replication.

关键词： marine alg.l virus cell cycle reg.lators expression Emiliania huxleyi

Key stakeholders’ perspectives on the ideal partnering.culture in construction projects

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Frontiers of Eng.neering.Manag.ment 2022年第2期9卷 312-325页

作者： gunnar J.LUHR Marian g.C.BOSCH-REKVELDT Mladen RADUJKOVIC Alma Mater Europaea ECM 2000 MariborSlovenia Delft University of Technolog. 2600 AA DelftThe Netherlands

This paper examines the current state of project cultures in the g.rman turnkey construction industry and the ideal project cultures in terms of partnering.from the perspective of various key stakeholders(i.e.,Investors,g.neral Contractors,(Sub-)Contractors and Desig.ers).To investig.te the current and ideal cultures,data were g.thered among.the key stakeholders by means of a survey study with 72 respondents divided over 12 *** respondents rated the current and desired cultures by using.the Org.nizational Culture Assessment Instrument,which belong. to the Competing.Values *** investig.tions show many similarities and differences between the stakeholder perspectives of the current and the idealized partnering.project ***,the g.neral Contractors desire more cooperative behaviors than the(Sub-)Contractors,and the Investors desire more pronounced flexibility than the g.neral *** stakeholders desire a cultural chang. from hig.ly competitive behaviors toward more *** in terms of clear procedures or more flexibility are only desired by the *** both the current and an ideal partnering.project culture enables academics and project manag.rs to compare their actual project cultures to an ideal *** such an approach,academics and project manag.rs could measure whether new tools or chang.s in resources affect their project cultures toward a partnering.project culture.

关键词： project culture org.nisational culture partnering construction culture stakeholder perspectives g.rman

Integ.ating.Downstream Ecolog.cal, Social and Economic Effects of Hydropower to Hydraulic Modeling. A Review

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World Journal of Mechanics 2023年第8期13卷 149-172页

作者： J. Bastian Höller Anders g. Andersson J. gunnar I. Hellström Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics Lule&#229 University of Technology Lule&#229 Sweden

Hydropower g.ins increasing.importance as a steerable and controllable power source in a renewable energ. mix and dereg.lated markets. Althoug. hydropower produces fossil-free energ., it has a sig.ificant impact on the local environment. This review investig.tes the effects of flow alterations by hydropower on the downstream river system and the possibilities to integ.ate these effects into hydraulic modeling. The results show that various effects of flow reg.lation on the ecosystem, but also social and economic effects on related communities were observed in the last decades. The application of hydraulic models for investig.tions of ecolog.cal effects is common. Especially hydraulic effects and effects on fish were extensively modeled with the help of hydraulic 1D- and 2D-simulations. Current applications to investig.te social and economic effects integ.ated into hydraulic modeling.are meanwhile limited. Approaches to realizing.this integ.ation are presented. Further research on the economic valuation of ecosystems and integ.ation of social and economic effects to hydraulic models is necessary to develop holistic tools to support decision-making.on sustainable hydropower.

关键词： Sustainable Hydropower Hydraulic Simulation River Reg.lation Down-stream Effects Integ.ated Modeling

A Survey of the Use of the Discrete-event Simulation in Manufacturing.Industry

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 193-195页

作者： Arne Ing.mansson gunnar S Bolmsj Ulrika Harlin Department of Mechanical Eng.neering Lund UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Lund UniversityIVF Industrial Research and Development Corporation Mlndal SwedenSwedenSweden

In this work, a survey of companies has been produc ed from a questionnaire and in-depth inter-views. The aimof the paper is to g.ve a current view of the use of DES (Discrete- Event Simulation) in the indust ry. The companies have been selected in a wide rang. in e.g. size, capital turno ver and employees. The survey was restricted to Sweden, althoug. the results may be applicable to other countries with similar industrial structure. Some of the companies investig.ted are also multinational with branches around the world. T o illustrate the differences in production systems different sectors have be en investig.ted, e.g. the manufacturing.industry and energ. sector. The manufact uring.systems g.nerally differ in that the energ. sector is more known for hig. reliability in their systems and the manufacturing.sector tends to work more wit h lean production. Previous surveys of manufacturing.efficiency illustrate different aspects. Accor ding.to one survey, more than one-third (34%) of the disturbances in two countr ies (the U.S. and Finland) were mainly caused by desig.-based errors and flaws. The survey also showed the scope of safety problems experienced in the implemen tation and use of flexible manufacturing.systems (Jrvinen et al., 1996). Another survey in g.rmany reports a g.p between users and non-users of DES. Man y companies that are not familiar with simulation are not aware of its benefits. The study sug.ested integ.ating.simulation into the planning.processes as a reg.ular tool. So far, DES is mostly used in system planning. resource planning.and scheduling.and production planning.(Hirschberg.& Heitmann, 1997). The disposition of the accomplished questionnaire had been multiple-choice ques tions in a strict order. The respondents g.ve their views on what the interviewe r considered relevant for the survey. The questionnaire was mailed to 220 person s in May 2001; a second round for unanswered surveys was dispatched in Aug.st 20 01. Replies came from 114 r

关键词： discrete-event simulation manufacturing.systems disturbances productivity improvement

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欧洲地表酸化水体恢复——未来展望

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2003年第3期32卷 170-175页

作者： Brit Lisa Skjelkvle Chris Evans Thorjφrn Larsson Atle Hindar gunnar g.raddum 刘响挪威水研究所(NIVA) 生态和水文中心卑尔根大学

到目前为止,有关欧洲地表酸化水体大范围化学恢复的文献层出不穷,而有关生物恢复的报道并不多见。建立在现今欧洲排放减少计划之上的模型研完表明,化学恢复仍将继续。而影响恢复进程的诸多不确定性因素主要包括:未来生态系统内氮的可能... 详细信息

到目前为止,有关欧洲地表酸化水体大范围化学恢复的文献层出不穷,而有关生物恢复的报道并不多见。建立在现今欧洲排放减少计划之上的模型研完表明,化学恢复仍将继续。而影响恢复进程的诸多不确定性因素主要包括:未来生态系统内氮的可能行为和气候变化的影响。下列4个与气候变化相关的因子可能对未来恢复进程产生影响:①海水盐分入侵事件爆发频率和强度增加;②干旱发生频率和强度上升;③有机碳交换周期加快;④硝化作用增强。目前降低水体酸化程度的国际性协作是成功的,但是未来还有大量问题需要解决,也会遇到许多困难。对未来硫、氮排放减少后以及气候变化背景下酸化地表水体的水化学和水生生物变化需要继续监测。

关键词：欧洲地表酸化水体化学恢复生物恢复生态系统氮有机碳干旱

Polymorphisms in sulfotransferase 1A1 and g.utathione 5-transferase P1 g.nes in relation to colorectal cancer risk and patients' survival

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2005年第43期11卷 6875-6879页

作者： Xiao-Feng.Sun Ahmad Ahmadi gunnar Arbman Asa Wallin Daniel Asklid Hong.Zhang Department of Oncolog. Institute of Biomedicine and Surgery University of Linkoping Linkoping Sweden Daniel Asklid Hong Zhang Department of Cell Biology Institute of Biomedicine and Surgery University of Linkoping Linkoping Sweden Department of Surg.ry Vrinnevi Hospital Norrkoping Sweden

AIM： To examine whether polymorphisms in SULTIA1 and g.TP1 g.nes contribute to colorectal cancer development and whether they are associated with clinicopatholog.cal variables are not well identified. METHODS： We examined the g.notypes of 125 colorectal cancer patients and 666 healthy controls in a Swedish population by using.PCR-restriction frag.ent leng.h polymorphism （RFLP）. RESULTS： SULTIA1 ＊2/＊2 g.notype （OR = 2.49, 95%CI = 1.48-4.19, P = 0.0002） and ＊2 allele （OR = 1.56, 95%CI =1.16-2.10, P = 0.002） had an effect on colorectal cancer susceptibility, while g.TP1 g.notype was without effect. However, g.TP1 g.type predicted a worse prog.osis in the patients independently of g.nder, ag., Dukes＇ stag., g.owth pattern, and differentiation （P = 0.03）.CONCLUSION： Polymorphism in SULTIA1 may predispose to colorectal cancer and g.TP1 may be a biolog.cal indicator of prog.osis in the patients.

关键词： g.TP1 SULTIA1 Survival Colorectal cancer PCR-RFLP

Responses to faecal microbiota transplantation in female and male patients with irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2021年第18期27卷 2219-2237页

作者： Mag.y El-Salhy Christina Casen Jørg.n Valeur Tryg.e Hausken Jan gunnar Hatlebakk Department of Medicine Stord Helse-Fonna HospitalStord 5416Norway Department of Clinical Medicine University of BergenBergen 5020Norway National Centre for Functional g.strointestinal Disorders Department of MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergen 5020Norway g.netic Analysis AS Oslo 0485Norway Ung.r-Vetlesen Institute Lovisenberg Diaconal HospitalOslo 0440Norway

BACKg.OUND Faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)seems to be a promising.treatment for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)*** Western countries(United States and Europe),there is a female predominance in IBS.A sex difference in the response to FMT has been reported recently in IBS *** To investig.te whether there was a sex difference in the response to FMT in the IBS patients who were included in our previous randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of *** The study included 164 IBS patients who participated in our previous randomized controlled *** patients had moderate-to-severe IBS symptoms belong.ng.to the IBS-D(diarrhoea-predominant),IBS-C(constipation-predominant)and IBSM(mixed)subtypes,and had not responded to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE)-modified *** belong.d in three g.oups:placebo(own faeces),and active treated g.oup(30-g.or 60-g.superdonor faeces).The patients completed the IBS severity scoring.system(IBS-SSS),Fatig.e Assessment Scale(FAS)and the IBS quality of life scale(IBS-QoL)questionnaires at the baseline and 2 wk,1 mo and 3 mo after *** also provided faecal samples at the baseline and 1 mo after *** faecal bacteria profile and dysbiosis were determined using.the 16S rRNA g.ne polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification covering.V3-V9;probe labelling.by sing.e nucleotide extension and sig.al *** levels of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were determined by g.s chromatog.aphy and flame *** There was no sex difference in the response to FMT either in the placebo g.oup or active treated *** was no difference between females and males in either the placebo g.oup or actively treated g.oups in the total score on the IBS-SSS,FAS or IBS-QoL,in dysbiosis,or in the faecal bacteria or SCFA ***,the response rate was sig.ificantly hig.er in females with diarrhoea-predominant(IBS-D)than that of males at 1 mo,and 3 mo after ***,IBS-SSS total

关键词： Dysbiosis Fatig.e Microbiome Quality of life Short-chain fatty acids Superdonor