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Analysis of Feature Importance and Interpretation for Malware Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第12期65卷 1891-1904页

作者： Dong-Wook Kim gun-yoon shin Myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea Department of Software Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea

This study was conducted to enable prompt classification of malware,which was becoming increasingly *** do this,we analyzed the important features of malware and the relative importance of selected features according to a learning model to assess how those important features were ***,the analysis features were extracted using Cuckoo Sandbox,an open-source malware analysis tool,then the features were divided into five categories using the extracted *** 804 extracted features were reduced by 70%after selecting only the most suitable ones for malware classification using a learning model-based feature selection method called the recursive feature ***,these important features were *** level of contribution from each one was assessed by the Random Forest classifier *** results showed that System call features were mostly *** the end,it was possible to accurately identify the malware type using only 36 to 76 features for each of the four types of malware with the most analysis samples *** were the Trojan,Adware,Downloader,and Backdoor malware.

关键词： Recursive feature elimination model interpretability feature importance malware classification

Unknown Attack Detection:Combining Relabeling and Hybrid Intrusion Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3289-3303页

作者： gun-yoon shin Dong-Wook Kim Sang-Soo Kim Myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea Agency for Defense Development Songpa Seoul05661Korea Department of Software Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea

Detection of unknown attacks like a zero-day attack is a research field that has long been ***,advances in Machine Learning(ML)and Artificial Intelligence(AI)have led to the emergence of many kinds of attack-generation tools developed using these technologies to evade detection *** detection and misuse detection are the most commonly used techniques for detecting intrusion by unknown *** anomaly detection is adequate for detecting unknown attacks,its disadvantage is the possibility of high false *** detection has low false alarms;its limitation is that it can detect only known *** overcome such limitations,many researchers have proposed a hybrid intrusion detection that integrates these two detection *** method can overcome the limitations of conventional methods and works better in detecting unknown ***,this method does not accurately classify attacks like similar to normal or known ***,we proposed a hybrid intrusion detection to detect unknown attacks similar to normal and known *** anomaly detection,the model was designed to perform normal detection using Fuzzy c-means(FCM)and identify attacks hidden in normal predicted data using *** misuse detection,the model was designed to detect previously known attacks using Classification and Regression Trees(CART)and apply Isolation Forest(iForest)to classify unknown attacks hidden in known *** an experiment result,the application of relabeling improved attack detection accuracy in anomaly detection by approximately 11%and enhanced the performance of unknown attack detection in misuse detection by approximately 10%.

关键词： Unknown attack hybrid intrusion detection fuzzy c-means relabeling CART iForest

Synaptic a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)phototransistor inspired by the phototaxis behavior of organisms with all-optical and all-electrical stimulation modes

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7631-7642页

作者： Youngbin yoon Youngki Kim Soowon Choi Jungdae Kwon Myunghun shin School of Electronics and Information Engineering Korea Aerospace UniversityGoyang10540Republic of Korea Nano Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea

To improve neuromorphic computing performance,neuromorphic system components should mimic the behaviors of organic *** this study,a synaptic a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)phototransistor featuring all-optical and-electrical emulation is fabricated in a manner advantageous for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process *** phototransistor exhibits excitatory and inhibitory synaptic behaviors under stimulation by both optical and electrical *** mimics several essential synaptic functions,including excitatory postsynaptic current,inhibitory postsynaptic current,short-term memory,long-term memory,pairedpulse facilitation,and spike-timing-dependent *** optical and electrical modulation mechanisms are confirmed to arise from the a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)heterojunction structure and interface effects,and the device is shown to operate at low power in both optical and electrical *** all-optical weight modulation function is applied to the wavelength-differential behavior response of zebrafish,successfully mimicking the color perception process of the ***,to verify the translation of the optoelectrical-derived synaptic behaviors of the phototransistor into artificial neuromorphic computation,handwritten digit image recognition of the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology dataset is performed by a convolutional neural network,with a demonstrated average learning accuracy of 98.46%.These findings verify the applicability of the synaptic a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)phototransistor in neuromorphic computing.

关键词： synaptic phototransistor artificial synapse phototaxis neuromorphic computing interface charge state optoelectronic synaptic device

SARS-CoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics to induce robust virus propagation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2702-2715页

作者： Hye Jin shin Wooseong Lee Keun Bon Ku gun Young yoon Hyun-Woo Moon Chonsaeng Kim Mi-Hwa Kim yoon-Sun Yi Sangmi Jun Bum-Tae Kim Jong-Won Oh Aleem Siddiqui Seong-Jun Kim Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center Gyeongnam Branch InstituteKorea Institute of ToxicologyJinju 52834Republic of Korea Center for Research Equipment Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuChungcheongbuk-do 28119Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Infectious Diseases School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Present address:Department of Microbiology Chungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeon 35015Republic of Korea

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is a‘highly transmissible respiratory pathogen,leading to severe multiorgan ***,knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular alterations is *** this study,we report that SARSCoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics and activates the EGFR-mediated cell survival signal cascade during the early stage of viral ***-CoV-2 causes an increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential via the SARS-CoV-2 RNAnucleocapsid cluster,thereby abnormally promoting mitochondrial elongation and the OXPHOS process,followed by enhancing ATP ***,SARS-CoV-2 activates the EGFR signal cascade and subsequently induces mitochondrial EGFR trafficking,contributing to abnormal OXPHOS process and viral *** EGFR inhibitors remarkably reduce SARS-CoV-2 propagation,among which vandetanib exhibits the highest antiviral *** of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with vandetanib decreases SARS-CoV-2-induced EGFR trafficking to the mitochondria and restores SARS-CoV-2-induced aberrant elevation in OXPHOS process and ATP generation,thereby resulting in the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 ***,oral administration of vandetanib to SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 transgenic mice reduces SARS-CoV-2 propagation in lung tissue and mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced lung *** also exhibits potent antiviral activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern,including alpha,beta,delta and omicron,in in vitro cell culture *** together,our findings provide novel insight into SARS-CoV-2-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and EGFR trafficking during the early stage of viral infection and their roles in robust SARS-CoV-2 propagation,suggesting that EGFR is an attractive host target for combating COVID-19.

关键词： alterations aberrant thereby

Trifunctional robust electrocatalysts based on 3D Fe/N-doped carbon nanocubes encapsulating Co4N nanoparticles for efficient battery-powered water electrolyzers

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 124-139页

作者： Hyung Wook Choi Hongdae Lee Jun Lu Seok Bin Kwon Dong In Jeong Beum Jin Park Jiwon Kim Bong Kyun Kang gun Jang Dae Ho yoon Ho Seok Park SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Electronic Materials Devicesand Equipment EngineeringSoonchunhyang UniversityAsan CityChungnamRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Herein,we have designed a highly active and robust trifunctional electrocatalyst derived from Prussian blue analogs,where Co_(4)N nanoparticles are encapsulated by Fe embedded in N-doped carbon nanocubes to synthesize hierarchically structured Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C for rechargeable zinc-air batteries and overall water-splitting *** confirmed by theoretical and experimental results,the high intrinsic oxygen reduction reaction,oxygen evolution reaction,and hydrogen evolution reaction activities of Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C were attributed to the formation of the heterointerface and the modulated local electronic ***,Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C induced improvement in these trifunctional electrocatalytic activities owing to the hierarchical hollow nanocube structure,uniform distribution of Co_(4)N,and conductive encapsulation by Fe/***,the rechargeable zinc-air battery with Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C delivers a high specific capacity of 789.9 mAh g-1 and stable voltage profiles over 500 ***,the overall water electrolyzer with Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C achieved better durability and rate performance than that with the Pt/C and IrO2 catalysts,delivering a high Faradaic efficiency of 96.4%.Along with the great potential of the integrated water electrolyzer powered by a zinc-air battery for practical applications,therefore,the mechanistic understanding and active site identification provide valuable insights into the rational design of advanced multifunctional electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion.

关键词： battery-powered electrolyzers hierarchical structure Prussian blue analog trifunctional electrocatalyst zinc-air battery

High Na-ion conductivity andmechanical integrity of anion-exchanged polymeric hydrogel electrolytes for flexible sodium ion hybrid energy storage

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SusMat 2024年第1期4卷 140-153页

作者： JungWoo Hong Harpalsinh H.Rana Jeong Hee Park Jun Su Kim Sang Joon Lee gun Jang Tae Hoon Kang Kang Ho shin Sang Ha Baek Wooseok Yang Kwang Ho Kim Ju-Hyuk Lee Ho Seok Park School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Clean Energy Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea KIST-SKKU Carbon-Neutral Research Center Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)SuwonRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea COSMOS LAB/92 Jomaru-ro 385beon-gilBucheon-siRepublic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

The polymeric gel electrolytes are attractive owing to their higher ionic conductivities than those of dry polymer electrolytes and lowered water activity for enlarged potential ***,the ionic conductivity and mechanical strength of the Na-ion conducting polymeric gel electrolytes are limited by below 20 mS cm−1 and 2.2 ***,we demonstrate Na-ion conducting and flexible polymeric hydrogel electrolytes of the chemically coupled poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)-dextrin-N,N′-methylene-bisacrylamide film immersed in NaClO_(4) solution(ex-DDA-Dex+NaClO_(4))for flexible sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(f-NIHC).In particular,the anion exchange reaction and synergistic interaction of ex-DDA-Dex with the optimum ClO_(4)−enable to greatly improve the ionic conductivity up to 27.63 mS cm−1 at 25◦C and electrochemical stability window up to 2.6 V,whereas the double networking structure leads to achieve both the mechanical strength(7.48 MPa)and softness of hydrogel ***,the f-NIHCs with the ex-DDA-Dex+NaClO_(4) achieved high specific and high-rate capacities of 192.04 F g^(−1)at 500 mA g^(−1)and 116.06 F g^(−1)at 10000 mA g^(−1),respectively,delivering a large energy density of 120.03Wh kg^(−1)at 906Wkg^(−1)and long cyclability of 70%over 500 cycles as well as demonstrating functional operation under mechanical stresses.

关键词： anion exchange chemistry flexible energy storage hybrid energy storage hydrogel electrolytes renewable electrolytes sodium storage

Sodium-Coordinated Polymeric Phthalocyanines as Stable High-Capacity Organic Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第4期6卷 22-30页

作者： Jeongyeon Lee yoonbin Kim Soyong Park Kang Ho shin gun Jang Min Jun Hwang Daekyu Kim Kyung-Ah Min Ho Seok Park Byungchan Han Dennis K.P.Ng Lawrence yoon Suk Lee Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloon Hong Kong SAR China Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew Territories Hong Kong SAR China Convergence Research Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon Korea

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted considerable interest as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries owing to their similar electrochemical performance and superior long-term cycle *** materials are regarded as promising anode materials for constructing SIBs with high capacity and good ***,utilization of organic materials is rather limited by their low energy density and poor stability at high current *** overcome these limitations,we utilized a novel polymeric disodium phthalocyanines(pNaPc)as SIB anodes to provide stable coordination sites for Na ions as well as to enhance the stability at high current *** varying the linker type during a one-pot cyclization and polymerization process,two pNaPc anodes with O-(O-pNaPc)and S-linkers(S-pNaPc)were prepared,and their structural and electrochemical properties were *** O-pNaPc binds Na ions with a lower binding energy compared with S-pNaPc,which leads to more facile Na-ion coordination/dissociation when engaged as SIB *** use of O-pNaPc significantly improves the redox kinetics and cycle stability and allows the fabrication of a full cell against Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3)/C cathode,which demonstrates its practical application with high energy density(288 Wh kg^(-1))and high power density(149 W kg^(-1)).

关键词： coordination chemistry organic anode phthalocyanine polymerization sodium ion battery

Dwindling in the mountains: Description of a critically endangered and microendemic Onychodactylus species(Amphibia, Hynobiidae) from the Korean Peninsula

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Zoological Research 2022年第5期43卷 750-755页

作者： Amael Borzee Yucheol shin Nikolay APoyarkov Jong yoon Jeon Hae Jun Baek Chang Hoon Lee Junghwa An yoon Jee Hong Mi-Sook Min Laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210037China Department of Biological Sciences School of Natural ScienceKangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea Department of Vertebrate Zoology Biological FacultyM.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119234Russia Research Institute for Veterinary Science College of Veterinary MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Animal Resources Division National Institute for Biological ResourcesIncheon 22689Republic of Korea

DEAR EDITOR,Species that are not formally described are generally not targets for conservation,regardless of their threatened *** habitat degradation has increased over the past several decades in the Republic of Kore... 详细信息

关键词： habitat endangered mountains

Morbidity analysis of left hepatic trisectionectomy for hepatobiliary disease and live donor

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第4期21卷 362-369页

作者： Young-In yoon Sung-Gyu Lee Deok-Bog Moon shin Hwang Ki-Hun Kim Hui-Ju Kim Ki-Hoon Choi Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Department of SurgeryAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of Medicine388-1 Poongnap-dongSongpa-guSeoul 138-736Korea Department of Surgery Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQLD 4215Australia

Background:Despite remarkable advances in surgical techniques and perioperative management,left hepatic trisectionectomy(LHT)remains a challenging procedure with a somewhat high postoperative morbidity rate compared with less-extensive *** study aimed to analyze the short-and long-term outcomes of LHT and identify factors associated with the postoperative morbidity of this technically demanding surgical ***:The medical records of 53 patients who underwent LHT between June 2005 and October 2019 at a single institution were retrospectively *** independent prognostic factor of postoperative morbidity was analyzed using the logistic regression ***:Hepatocellular carcinoma was the most common indication for surgery(n=21),followed by hilar cholangiocarcinoma(n=14),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(n=10),and other pathologies(including colorectal liver metastasis,hepatolithiasis,gallbladder cancer,living donor,hemangioma,and multilocular biliary cyst;n=8).The rates of postoperative morbidities of Clavien-Dindo grade 3 or higher and 90-day mortality were 39.6% and 1.9%,*** 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 81.1%,61.4%,and 44.6%,*** analysis revealed that preoperative jaundice[hazard ratio(HR)=6.15,95%confidence interval(CI):1.57-24.17,P=0.009]and operative time>420 min(HR=4.66,95%CI:1.27–17.17,P=0.021)were independent predictors of postoperative ***:The in-hospital mortality of LHT surgery can be minimalized by a reliable preoperative evaluation of liver function and selection of the dominant anatomic features of right posterior sector,active and appropriate preoperative management for obstructive cholangitis and compensatory hypertrophy of the future remnant posterior sector,and the experience of the surgeon.

关键词： Left hepatic trisectionectomy Major hepatectomy Liver neoplasms Survival rate Morbidity