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Network Traffic Synthesis and Simulation Framework for Cybersecurity Exercise Systems

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 3637-3653页

作者： Dong-Wook Kim gun-yoon sin Kwangsoo Kim Jaesik Kang Sun-Young Im Myung-Mook Han Department of AI Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-Si13120Republic of Korea School of Computer Engineering&Applied Mathematics Hankyong National UniversityPyeongtaek-Si17738Republic of Korea Cyber ElectronicWarfare Research and Development LIG Nex1Seongnam-Si13488Republic of Korea

In the rapidly evolving field of cybersecurity,the challenge of providing realistic exercise scenarios that accurately mimic real-world threats has become increasingly *** methods often fall short in capturing the dynamic and complex nature of modern cyber *** address this gap,we propose a comprehensive framework designed to create authentic network environments tailored for cybersecurity exercise *** framework leverages advanced simulation techniques to generate scenarios that mirror actual network conditions faced by professionals in the *** cornerstone of our approach is the use of a conditional tabular generative adversarial network(CTGAN),a sophisticated tool that synthesizes realistic synthetic network traffic by learning fromreal data *** technology allows us to handle technical components and sensitive information with high fidelity,ensuring that the synthetic data maintains statistical characteristics similar to those observed in real network *** meticulously analyzing the data collected from various network layers and translating these into structured tabular formats,our framework can generate network traffic that closely resembles that found in actual *** integral part of our process involves deploying this synthetic data within a simulated network environment,structured on software-defined networking(SDN)principles,to test and refine the traffic *** simulation not only facilitates a direct comparison between the synthetic and real traffic but also enables us to identify discrepancies and refine the accuracy of our *** initial findings indicate an error rate of approximately 29.28%between the synthetic and real traffic data,highlighting areas for further improvement and *** providing a diverse array of network scenarios through our framework,we aim to enhance the exercise systems used by cybersecurity *** not only improves their ability to r

关键词： Cybersecurity exercise synthetic network traffic generative adversarial network traffic generation software-defined networking

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SARS-CoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics to induce robust virus propagation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2702-2715页

作者： Hye Jin Shin Wooseong Lee Keun Bon Ku gun Young yoon Hyun-Woo Moon Chonsaeng Kim Mi-Hwa Kim yoon-Sun Yi Sangmi Jun Bum-Tae Kim Jong-Won Oh Aleem Siddiqui Seong-Jun Kim Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center Gyeongnam Branch InstituteKorea Institute of ToxicologyJinju 52834Republic of Korea Center for Research Equipment Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuChungcheongbuk-do 28119Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Infectious Diseases School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Present address:Department of Microbiology Chungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeon 35015Republic of Korea

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is a‘highly transmissible respiratory pathogen,leading to severe multiorgan ***,knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular alterations is *** this study,we report that SARSCoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics and activates the EGFR-mediated cell survival signal cascade during the early stage of viral ***-CoV-2 causes an increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential via the SARS-CoV-2 RNAnucleocapsid cluster,thereby abnormally promoting mitochondrial elongation and the OXPHOS process,followed by enhancing ATP ***,SARS-CoV-2 activates the EGFR signal cascade and subsequently induces mitochondrial EGFR trafficking,contributing to abnormal OXPHOS process and viral *** EGFR inhibitors remarkably reduce SARS-CoV-2 propagation,among which vandetanib exhibits the highest antiviral *** of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with vandetanib decreases SARS-CoV-2-induced EGFR trafficking to the mitochondria and restores SARS-CoV-2-induced aberrant elevation in OXPHOS process and ATP generation,thereby resulting in the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 ***,oral administration of vandetanib to SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 transgenic mice reduces SARS-CoV-2 propagation in lung tissue and mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced lung *** also exhibits potent antiviral activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern,including alpha,beta,delta and omicron,in in vitro cell culture *** together,our findings provide novel insight into SARS-CoV-2-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and EGFR trafficking during the early stage of viral infection and their roles in robust SARS-CoV-2 propagation,suggesting that EGFR is an attractive host target for combating COVID-19.

关键词： alterations aberrant thereby

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Trifunctional robust electrocatalysts based on 3D Fe/N-doped carbon nanocubes encapsulating Co4N nanoparticles for efficient battery-powered water electrolyzers

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 124-139页

作者： Hyung Wook Choi Hongdae Lee Jun Lu Seok Bin Kwon Dong In Jeong Beum Jin Park Jiwon Kim Bong Kyun Kang gun Jang Dae Ho yoon Ho Seok Park SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Electronic Materials Devicesand Equipment EngineeringSoonchunhyang UniversityAsan CityChungnamRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Herein,we have designed a highly active and robust trifunctional electrocatalyst derived from Prussian blue analogs,where Co_(4)N nanoparticles are encapsulated by Fe embedded in N-doped carbon nanocubes to synthesize hierarchically structured Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C for rechargeable zinc-air batteries and overall water-splitting *** confirmed by theoretical and experimental results,the high intrinsic oxygen reduction reaction,oxygen evolution reaction,and hydrogen evolution reaction activities of Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C were attributed to the formation of the heterointerface and the modulated local electronic ***,Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C induced improvement in these trifunctional electrocatalytic activities owing to the hierarchical hollow nanocube structure,uniform distribution of Co_(4)N,and conductive encapsulation by Fe/***,the rechargeable zinc-air battery with Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C delivers a high specific capacity of 789.9 mAh g^(-1) and stable voltage profiles over 500 ***,the overall water electrolyzer with Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C achieved better durability and rate performance than that with the Pt/C and IrO2 catalysts,delivering a high Faradaic efficiency of 96.4%.Along with the great potential of the integrated water electrolyzer powered by a zinc-air battery for practical applications,therefore,the mechanistic understanding and active site identification provide valuable insights into the rational design of advanced multifunctional electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion.

关键词： battery-powered electrolyzers hierarchical structure Prussian blue analog trifunctional electrocatalyst zinc-air battery

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Analysis of Feature Importance and Interpretation for Malware Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第12期65卷 1891-1904页

作者： Dong-Wook Kim gun-yoon Shin Myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea Department of Software Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea

This study was conducted to enable prompt classification of malware,which was becoming increasingly *** do this,we analyzed the important features of malware and the relative importance of selected features according to a learning model to assess how those important features were ***,the analysis features were extracted using Cuckoo Sandbox,an open-source malware analysis tool,then the features were divided into five categories using the extracted *** 804 extracted features were reduced by 70%after selecting only the most suitable ones for malware classification using a learning model-based feature selection method called the recursive feature ***,these important features were *** level of contribution from each one was assessed by the Random Forest classifier *** results showed that System call features were mostly *** the end,it was possible to accurately identify the malware type using only 36 to 76 features for each of the four types of malware with the most analysis samples *** were the Trojan,Adware,Downloader,and Backdoor malware.

关键词： Recursive feature elimination model interpretability feature importance malware classification

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Anomaly Detection Based on Discrete Wavelet Transformation for Insider Threat Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第7期46卷 153-164页

作者： Dong-Wook Kim gun-yoon Shin Myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam-si13120Korea Department of AI Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-si13120Korea

Unlike external attacks,insider threats arise from legitimate users who belong to the *** individuals may be a potential threat for hostile behavior depending on their *** insider detection,many intrusion detection systems learn and prevent known scenarios,but because malicious behavior has similar patterns to normal behavior,in reality,these systems can be ***,because insider threats share a feature space similar to normal behavior,identifying them by detecting anomalies has *** study proposes an improved anomaly detection methodology for insider threats that occur in cybersecurity in which a discrete wavelet transformation technique is applied to classify normal *** *** discrete wavelet transformation technique easily discovers new patterns or decomposes synthesized data,making it possible to distinguish between shared *** verify the efficacy of the proposed methodology,experiments were conducted in which normal users and malicious users were classified based on insider threat scenarios provided in Carnegie Mellon University’s Computer Emergency Response Team(CERT)*** experimental results indicate that the proposed methodology with discrete wavelet transformation reduced the false-positive rate by 82%to 98%compared to the case with no wavelet ***,the proposed methodology has high potential for application to similar feature spaces.

关键词： Anomaly detection cybersecurity discrete wavelet transformation insider threat classification

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Unknown Attack Detection:Combining Relabeling and Hybrid Intrusion Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3289-3303页

作者： gun-yoon Shin Dong-Wook Kim Sang-Soo Kim Myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea Agency for Defense Development Songpa Seoul05661Korea Department of Software Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea

Detection of unknown attacks like a zero-day attack is a research field that has long been ***,advances in Machine Learning(ML)and Artificial Intelligence(AI)have led to the emergence of many kinds of attack-generation tools developed using these technologies to evade detection *** detection and misuse detection are the most commonly used techniques for detecting intrusion by unknown *** anomaly detection is adequate for detecting unknown attacks,its disadvantage is the possibility of high false *** detection has low false alarms;its limitation is that it can detect only known *** overcome such limitations,many researchers have proposed a hybrid intrusion detection that integrates these two detection *** method can overcome the limitations of conventional methods and works better in detecting unknown ***,this method does not accurately classify attacks like similar to normal or known ***,we proposed a hybrid intrusion detection to detect unknown attacks similar to normal and known *** anomaly detection,the model was designed to perform normal detection using Fuzzy c-means(FCM)and identify attacks hidden in normal predicted data using *** misuse detection,the model was designed to detect previously known attacks using Classification and Regression Trees(CART)and apply Isolation Forest(iForest)to classify unknown attacks hidden in known *** an experiment result,the application of relabeling improved attack detection accuracy in anomaly detection by approximately 11%and enhanced the performance of unknown attack detection in misuse detection by approximately 10%.

关键词： Unknown attack hybrid intrusion detection fuzzy c-means relabeling CART iForest

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Linearization of T-S fuzzy systems and robust H_∞ control

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第1期18卷 140-145页

作者： yoon Tae-Sung 王法广 PARK Seung-Kyu KWAK gun-Pyong AHN Ho-Kyun School of Mechatronics Changwon National University

Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) fuzzy model is difficult to be linearized because of membership functions ***,novel T-S fuzzy state transformation and T-S fuzzy feedback are proposed for the linearization of T-S fuzzy *** novel T-S fuzzy state transformation is the fuzzy combination of local linear transformation which transforms local linear models in the T-S fuzzy model into the local linear controllable canonical *** fuzzy combination of local linear controllable canonical model gives controllable canonical T-S fuzzy model and then nonlinear feedback is obtained *** the linearization of T-S fuzzy model,a robust H∞ controller with the robustness of sliding model control(SMC) is *** a result,controlled T-S fuzzy system shows the performance of H∞ control and the robustness of SMC.

关键词： T-S fuzzy control linearization H∞ control sliding mode control

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Keystone design perforator island flap in facial defect reconstruction

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第10期8卷 1832-1847页

作者： Soo Yeon Lim Chi Sun yoon Hyun gun Lee Kyu Nam Kim Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Konyang University HospitalUniversity of Konyang College of MedicineMyunggok Medical Research CenterDaejeon 35365South Korea Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Wonkwang University HospitalWonkwang University School of MedicineIksan 54538South Korea

Facial defect coverage is a common subject in the field of reconstructive *** are many methods for facial defect reconstruction,and reconstructive surgeons should choose the most appropriate method on a case-by-case basis to achieve both functional and aesthetic *** various options for facial reconstruction,the local flap technique is considered the best reconstructive modality to provide good tissue matches of color and texture,which is consistent with the ideal goal of reconstruction(replacement of like-with-like).Keystone design perforator island flap(KDPIF),devised by Behan in 2003,has been applied to various fields of reconstructive surgery in the past decade due to its design simplicity,robust vascular supply,and *** studies have reported KDPIF reconstruction of facial defects,such as large parotid defects,small-to-moderate nasal defects,and eyelid ***,KDPIF has been used relatively less in facial defects than in other body regions,such as the trunk and *** purpose of this review is to provide an organized overview of facial KDPIF reconstruction including the classification of KDPIF,modifications,physiology,mechanism of flap movement,consideration of facial relaxed skin tension lines and aesthetics,surgical techniques,clinical applications,and precautions for successful execution of KDPIF reconstruction.

关键词： Keystone design perforator island flap Reconstructive surgery Facial defects Aesthetics Plastic surgery Flap surgery

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Miniaturized multicolor fluorescence imaging system integrated with a PDMS light-guide plate for biomedical investigation

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 494-503页

作者： Hyogeun Shin gun-Wook yoon Woongsun Choi Donghwan Lee Hoyun Choi Deok Su Jo Nakwon Choi Jun-Bo yoon Il-Joo Cho Department of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineKorea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DeajeonRepublic of Korea Center for Brain Technology Brain Science InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea Biotechnology Research Institute of CHROMACH Co. LtdSuwonRepublic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)SuwonRepublic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Anatomy College of MedicineKorea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Noul Co. LtdYonginRepublic of Korea

Miniaturized fluorescence imaging systems are promising platforms that overcome the limited use of conventional microscopes in the biomedical ***,there are physical limitations for multicolor fluorescence imaging in existing miniaturized imaging systems because multiple filters have to be integrated into a small ***,we present a miniaturized multicolor fluorescence imaging system integrated with single polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)light-guide plate(LGP)for multicolor fluorescence *** PDMS LGP allows guiding the transmitted light from the light source only to the fluorescent samples regardless of the wavelength of the light ***,our system is capable of multicolor fluorescence imaging without multiple filters that block the excitation *** demonstrated the usability of our system in the biomedical field by observing green-and red-labeled cells in the *** proposed system can be used in a wide range of applications for studies that require multicolor fluorescence imaging in the biomedical field.

关键词： structure field system

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Thermal energy harvesting circuit with maximum power point tracking control for self-powered sensor node applications

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第2期19卷 285-296页

作者： Eun-Jung yoon Jong-Tae PARK Chong-gun YU Department of Electronics Engineering Incheon National University

We present a simple implementation of a thermal energy harvesting circuit with the maximum power point tracking（MPPT） control for self-powered miniature-sized sensor nodes. Complex start-up circuitry and direct current to direct current（DC-DC） boost converters are not required, because the output voltage of targeted thermoelectric generator（TEG） devices is high enough to drive the load applications directly. The circuit operates in the active/asleep mode to overcome the power mismatch between TEG devices and load applications. The proposed circuit was implemented using a 0.35-μm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor（CMOS） process. Experimental results confirmed correct circuit operation and demonstrated the performance of the MPPT scheme. The circuit achieved a peak power efficiency of 95.5% and an MPPT accuracy of higher than 99%.

关键词： Thermoelectric energy Energy harvesting Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control Self-powered system Sensor node

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