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Influence of Coastal Marine Boundary Layer Jets on Rainfall in South China

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第5期39卷 782-801页

作者： Yu DU Yian SHEN Guixing CHEN School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China Huzhou Meteorological Bureau Huzhou 313000China

Coastal marine boundary layer jets(CMBLJs)play an important role in coastal and inland rainfall in South China.Using 21 years of ERA5 and CMORPH rainfall data,two main CMBLJs are found,one on each side of Hainan Island(named BLJ-WEST and BLJ-EAST),which are always strengthened jointly.Both CMBLJs often occur in the pre-summer rainy season and exhibit an evident diurnal cycle with a maximum at night.With the emergence of the CMBLJs,rainfall is significantly enhanced in South China,particularly downstream of each CMBLJ.The response of rainfall to the CMBLJs is mainly attributed to convergence at the terminus of each CMBLJ,terrain-induced lifting,and relevant atmospheric stratification.Coastal rainfall downstream of the BLJ-WEST is much weaker than that downstream of the BLJ-EAST because of higher CIN over the Beibu Gulf,which is caused by lower temperature lapse rates and adiabatic heating in the lee of the Annamite Range.The inland rainfall increases along with CMBLJ intensity,whereas coastal rainfall reaches a maximum in the presence of moderate CMBLJs rather than stronger CMBLJs.Stronger CMBLJs induce stronger dynamic lifting but higher CIN near the coastal area.Additionally,CAPE near the coast does not become highest with strongest CMBLJs,because the CAPE generation contributed by coastal dynamic lifting can be offset by the negative contribution caused by the horizontal advection of cold and dry air from the Indochina Peninsula.Therefore,anomalous dynamic lifting,moisture flux convergence,and CAPE/CIN associated with CMBLJ intensity jointly result in anomalous rainfall.

关键词： low-level jet rainfall CAPE CIN coastal region

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Formation of Low-Level Jets over Southern China in the Mei-yu Season

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第10期40卷 1731-1748页

作者： Xuanyu LIU Guixing CHEN Sijia ZHANG Yu DU School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

This study examines the diversity of low-level jet(LLJ)formation and related physical processes over southern China.A total of 171 LLJ formation events with enhanced daily southwesterlies and early-morning maximum wind speeds were observed during the mei-yu seasons of 1989–2018.The LLJs can be further categorized into four types based on the increases in the daily mean and diurnal amplitude of the low-level winds.Analysis of the synoptic-scale disturbances shows that the two types of LLJ formation(Q1 and Q4),which feature large increases of daily southerly wind components,are mainly induced by west-east dipole patterns of pressure change,in association with the enhanced southwest vortex and/or the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH).In contrast,the other two types(Q2 and Q3),which feature relatively large increases in their daily westerly components,are related to a northwest-southeast dipole pattern of pressure change due to the mid-latitude trough and the WPSH.We further analyze the considerable variations in the diurnal thermal forcing among the LLJ formation events.The strong(weak)daytime heating of solar radiation leads to relatively large(small)increases in the diurnal amplitude of low-level winds in Q1 and Q2(Q3 and Q4)types.Therefore,different combinations of synopticscale disturbances and diurnal thermal forcings are found to account for the diversity in LLJ formation and associated differences in downstream rainfall patterns.These results help to improve our understanding and prediction of the formation of LLJs.

关键词： low-level jets formation processes diurnal variations synoptic-scale disturbances

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Diurnal Variations of Precipitation over North China Regulated by the Mountain-plains Solenoid and Boundary-layer Inertial Oscillation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第8期36卷 863-884页

作者： He PAN Guixing CHEN School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China

The mountain-plains solenoid(MPS) and boundary-layer inertial oscillation(BLO) are two typical regional forcings at the diurnal time scale. Their relative role in regulating the diurnal variations of summer rainfall over North China and their change under different monsoon conditions are studied using a 19-yr archive of satellite rainfall and reanalysis data. It is shown that both a strong MPS and BLO can increase nocturnal rainfall in the North China plains but exhibit evident regional differences. The MPS-induced nocturnal rainfall is relatively confined to the plains adjacent to mountains from late night to morning, due to the upward branch of the nighttime MPS. In contrast, the BLO-induced nocturnal rainfall strengthens from early evening and is more extensive in early morning over the open plains further east. The contrasting effect in the evening is related to the convergent(divergent) easterly anomaly in the plains under the BLO(MPS). The BLO also induces the relatively strong enhancement of moisture convergence and high humidity by the southerly anomaly at late night. On strong monsoon days, the nocturnal rainfall amount associated with the MPS and BLO increases considerably in the plains.Both regional forcings become effective in regulating the rainfall diurnal cycle with enhanced moisture convergence under monsoon conditions. Their induced diurnal amplitudes of moisture convergence can be comparable to the daily mean by monsoon flow. The regional forcings thus couple with monsoon flow to strengthen rainfall in the plains, particularly from late night to morning. The results highlight that a combination of regional and large-scale forcings can strongly regulate the warm-season climate.

关键词： diurnal cycle nocturnal rainfall regional forcings summer monsoon regional climate

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Isentropic Analysis of Regional Cold Events over Northern China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第7期37卷 718-734页

作者： Qingyi LIU Qian LIU Guixing CHEN School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China

From the perspective of cold air mass(CAM)analysis,we examine the characteristics and mechanisms of regional cold events(RCEs)over northwestern and northeastern China in the past 58 years(1958/59-2015/16).The RCEs in northwestern(northeastern)China are shown to have an average duration of 6.8(4.7)days with a moderate(sharp)temperature drop.We quantitatively estimate the RCE-related CAM,for the first time,using an isentropic analysis method.Before an RCE in northwestern China,CAM is accumulated in western Siberia with convergent CAM flux under a blocking pattern in the Urals region.During RCE outbreak,CAM penetrates the valleys of the Tianshan-Altay Mountains to the Tarim Basin and Hexi Corridor.The CAM moves slowly because of the blocking pattern and orographic effect,which explains the relatively long duration of RCEs.Comparatively,during RCEs in northeastern China,the CAM depth anomaly originates more to the east and quickly passes the Mongolian Plateau guided by an eastward-moving trough.Diagnostic analyses further show that adiabatic processes play a crucial role in regulating the local change of CAM depth during the two kinds of RCEs.The advection term of adiabatic processes mainly increases the CAM depth during RCE outbreak,while the convergence term increases(reduces)CAM depth before(after)RCE outbreak.Both terms are relatively strong during RCEs in northeastern China,resulting in the rate of change in CAM depth being^50%larger than for those in northwestern China.Therefore,the variations of RCEs in duration and intensity can be well explained by the different evolution of CAM depth and flux.

关键词： China. northwestern northeastern

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Climatology of tropical cyclone tornadoes in China from 2006 to 2018

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第1期63卷 37-51页

作者： Lanqiang BAI Zhiyong MENG Kenta SUEKI Guixing CHEN Ruilin ZHOU School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China RIKEN Center for Computational Science Kobe 650-0047Japan

We surveyed the occurrence of tropical cyclone(TC) tornadoes in China from 2006 to 2018. There were 64 cataloged TC tornadoes, with an average of five per year. About one-third of the landfalling TCs in China were tornadic. Consistent with previous studies, TC tornadoes preferentially formed in the afternoon shortly before and within about 36 h after landfall of the TCs. These tornadoes mainly occurred in coastal areas with relatively flat terrains. The maximum number of TC tornadoes occurred in Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces. Most of the TC tornadoes were spawned within 500 km of the TC center. Two notable characteristics were found:(1) TC tornadoes in China mainly occurred in the northeast quadrant(Earth-relative coordinates) rather than the right-front quadrant(TC motion-relative coordinates) of the parent TC circulation;and(2) most tornadoes were produced by TCs with a relatively weak intensity(tropical depressions/storms), in contrast with the United States where most tornadoes are associated with stronger TCs. Further analyses showed that TC tornadoes in China tend to be spawned in an environment with large low-level storm relative helicity and large convective available potential energy taking entrainment effects into account. TC tornadoes were particularly active in 2018, with 24 reported tornadoes accounting for 37.5% of the total surveyed samples. The first recorded tornado outbreak in the modern history of China occurred in the envelope of TC Yagi(2018), in which 11 tornadoes were reported in association with significant midlevel intrusions of dry air and the interaction of Yagi with an approaching midlatitude midlevel trough.

关键词： Tornadoes Tropical cyclones Historical statistics China

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Radar-based Characteristics and Formation Environment of Supercells in the Landfalling Typhoon Mujigae in 2015

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第5期39卷 802-818页

作者： Lanqiang BAI Zhiyong MENG Ruilin ZHOU Guixing CHEN Naigeng WU Wai-Kin WONG School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of Educationand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640China Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong 999077China

This study presents the radar-based characteristics and formation environment of supercells spawned by the tornadic landfalling Typhoon Mujigae(2015)in October 2015.More than 100 supercells were identified within a 24-hour period around the time of the typhoon’s landfall,of which three were tornadic with a rotational intensity clearly stronger than those of non-tornadic supercells.The identified supercells were concentrated within a relatively small area in the northeast quadrant beyond 140 km from the typhoon center.These supercells were found more likely to form over flat topography and were difficult to maintain in mountainous regions.During the study period,more supercells formed offshore than onshore.The mesocyclones of the identified supercells were characterized by a small diameter generally less than 5 km and a shallow depth generally less than 4 km above ground level.An environmental analysis revealed that the northeast quadrant had the most favorable conditions for the genesis of supercell in this typhoon case.The nondimensional supercell composite parameter(SCP)and entraining-SCP(E-SCP)were effective in separating supercell from non-supercell environment.Even though the atmosphere in the typhoon’s northeast quadrant was characterized by an E-SCP/SCP value supportive of supercell organization,orography was an impeditive factor for the supercell development.These findings support the use of traditional parameters obtained from midlatitude supercells to assess the supercell potential in a tropical cyclone envelope.

关键词： supercell tropical cyclone atmospheric environment radar meteorology

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The role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in bone homeostasis and related diseases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第10期13卷 3963-3987页

作者： Yuechao Dong Yangshan chen guixing Ma Huiling Cao Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease ResearchKey University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of GuangdongShenzhen 518055China

The ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS)dedicates to degrade intracellular proteins to modulate demic homeostasis and functions of organisms.These enzymatic cascades mark and modifies target proteins diversly through covalently binding ubiquitin molecules.In the UPS,E3 ubiquitin ligases are the crucial constituents by the advantage of recognizing and presenting proteins to proteasomes for proteolysis.As the major regulators of protein homeostasis,E3 ligases are indispensable to proper cell manners in diverse systems,and they are well described in physiological bone growth and bone metabolism.Pathologically,classic bone-related diseases such as metabolic bone diseases,arthritis,bone neoplasms and bone metastasis of the tumor,etc.,were also depicted in a UPS-dependent manner.Therefore,skeletal system is versatilely regulated by UPS and it is worthy to summarize the underlying mechanism.Furthermore,based on the current status of treatment,normal or pathological osteogenesis and tumorigenesis elaborated in this review highlight the clinical significance of UPS research.As a strategy possibly remedies the limitations of UPS treatment,emerging PROTAC was described comprehensively to illustrate its potential in clinical application.Altogether,the purpose of this review aims to provide more evidence for exploiting novel therapeutic strategies based on UPS for bone associated diseases.

关键词： E3 ubiquitin ligase UPS Osteogenesis Bone resorption Osteoblast Osteoclast Chondrocyte PROTAC

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基于服装结构设计与人体特点分析

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山东纺织经济 2023年第1期40卷 26-29页

作者：陈桂星厦门南洋职业学院艺术设计学院福建厦门361100

经济的快速发展,使得人民对物质与精神文明有了更高的需求,服装与人们的衣食住行密切相关,除了追求保暖和舒适的性能以外,人们对服装的外观有了更加多样化的需求。然而,在追求服装造型新颖、美观的同时,我们始终要遵循符合人体特征这一... 详细信息

经济的快速发展,使得人民对物质与精神文明有了更高的需求,服装与人们的衣食住行密切相关,除了追求保暖和舒适的性能以外,人们对服装的外观有了更加多样化的需求。然而,在追求服装造型新颖、美观的同时,我们始终要遵循符合人体特征这一基本的服装设计原则,设计服装结构方案时,我们需要充分考虑人体特点,设计与人体结构特点相宜的服装,使服装兼具舒适和美观的双重效果,令服装结构设计质量得到不断提升。文章主要论述服装结构设计、服装结构设计与人体特征的关系、人体结构特点等内容,为广大服装设计者提供更多参考思路,令服装设计行业得到更好的发展。

关键词：服装结构服装设计人体特点

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Evolution mechanisms of the intraseasonal oscillation associated with the Yangtze River Basin flood in 1998

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 957-967页

作者： chen guixing LI Weibiao YUAN Zhuojian WEN Zhiping Department of Atmospheric Science/Center of Monsoon and Environment Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Atmospheric Science/Center of Monsoon and Environment Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Atmospheric Science/Center of Monsoon and Environment Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Atmospheric Science/Center of Monsoon and Environment Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

With 1998 NCEP reanalysis data and the linear diagnostic equation for local me- ridional circulation, four main processes and the boundary effects with relatively large contribu- tions to the intraseasonal oscillation of the vertical branches of the East Asian meridional circula- tion are quantitatively identified among all the processes involved in the quasi-primitive equations used in the derivation of the linear diagnostic equation. The numerical results show that the main processes with maximal contributions in the lower latitudes include the latent heating and vertical transports of sensible heat. These processes are mainly associated with the tropical convective activities and result in the low-frequency cyclones in the lower latitudes. The main processes with maximal contributions in the higher latitudes are the horizontal transports of westerly momentum and horizontal temperature advections. These processes are mainly associated with the fluctua- tions in the westerlies and result in the low-frequency cyclones in the higher latitudes. The low-frequency cyclones propagating away from lower latitudes not only interact with those from higher latitudes to enhance the lifting of the moist air in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), but also leave room for the development of the low-frequency anticyclones over the South China Sea (SCS). The southwesterly in the northwestern quadrant of the SCS anticyclones provides the YRB with abundant moisture. This favorable moisture condition along with the enhanced rising motion in the YRB leads to the extraordinary flood in 1998.

关键词： intraseasonal oscillation convective activities low-frequency circulation flood.

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穿着功能多样化的服装结构设计研究

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纺织报告 2021年第11期40卷 51-52页

作者：陈桂星厦门南洋职业学院艺术设计学院福建厦门361100

为了缓解现代服装大规模生产与服装穿着者个人需求之间的矛盾,通过研究分析经过多年研究和实践形成的服装制作技术,文章总结了3种服装制作原理,即缠绕、悬挂和围裹,并阐述了每种服装的取样特点。在此基础上,通过实验,研究能够结合这3种... 详细信息

为了缓解现代服装大规模生产与服装穿着者个人需求之间的矛盾,通过研究分析经过多年研究和实践形成的服装制作技术,文章总结了3种服装制作原理,即缠绕、悬挂和围裹,并阐述了每种服装的取样特点。在此基础上,通过实验,研究能够结合这3种生产方式优势的服装结构原理,在现代服装设计和生产中,实现结构稳定性、外观可变性和大规模生产能力的结合。

关键词：多样化穿着功能服装设计成品结构

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