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臭氧生成敏感性的时空分布及“双碳”目标对其的影响

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 422-425页

作者：刘钰婷唐贵谦王迎红程萌田高健王跃思 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China

Tropospheric ozone(O3)is a trace gas of great significance for air quality and climate *** recent years,due to the extensive implementation of emission reduction policies,the concentration of fine particulate matter in many countries has decreased significantly^([1]).In contrast,the global ground-level O3 concentration has increased by approximately 0.25 ppbv/a^([2]).Research shows that developed countries are experiencing a rebound in O3 levels while developing countries are facing more severe O3 pollution problems^([3,4]).Therefore,the prevention and control of O3 pollution is the top priority at this stage and will play a vital role in the longterm improvement of air quality.

关键词： pollution change ozone

Insights into multidimensional transport flux from vertical observation and numerical simulation in two cities in North China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 831-842页

作者： Zhida Zhang Xiaoqi Wang Shuiyuan Cheng guiqian tang Yibin Fu Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

This study represents the first quantitative evaluation of pollution transport budget within the boundary layer of typical cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region from the perspective of horizontal and vertical exchanges and further discusses the impact of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL)-free troposphere (FT) exchange on concentration of fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)) within the ABL during heavy *** the perspective of the transport flux balance relationship,differences in pollution transport characteristics between the two cities is mainly reflected in the ABL-FT exchange *** FT mainly flowed into the ABL in BJ,while in SJZ,the outflow from the ABL to the FT was more *** with an analysis of vertical wind profile distribution,BJ was found to be more susceptible to the influence of northwest cold high prevailing in winter,while sinking of strong cold air allowed the FT flowing into the ABL influence the vertical exchange over *** addition,we selected a typical pollution event for targeted analysis to understand mechanistic details of the influence of ABL-FT exchange on the pollution *** results showed that ABL-FT interaction played an important role in PM_(2.5)concentration within the ABL during heavy *** in the early stage of heavy pollution,FT transport contributed as much as 82.74% of PM_(2.5)within the *** findings are significant for improving our understanding of pollution transport characteristics within the boundary layer and the effect of ABL-FT exchange on air quality.

关键词： Transport flux Horizontal transport Vertical exchange Atmospheric boundary layer Free troposphere Pollutant budget relationship

Source apportionment of PM_(2.5)and visibility in Jinan,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 207-215页

作者： Mengtian Cheng guiqian tang Bo Lv Xingru Li Xinrui Wu Yiming Wang Yuesi Wang Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Jinan Ecological and Environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province Jinan 250000China Capital Normal University Beijing 100048China

Atmospheric extinction is impacted by the chemical composition of *** better understand the chemical composition of PM_(2.5)(particles with diameters of less than 2.5μm)and its relationship with extinction,one-month sampling campaigns were carried out in four different seasons from 2013 to 2014 in Jinan,*** seasonal average concentrations of PM_(2.5)were 120.9(autumn),156.6(winter),102.5(spring),and 111.8μg/m^(3)(summer).The reconstructed PM_(2.5)chemical composition showed that sulfate,nitrate,chlorine salt,organic matter(OM),mineral dust,elemental carbon(EC)and others accounted for 25%,14%,2%,24%,22%,3%and 10%,*** relationship between the chemical composition of PM_(2.5)and visibility was reconstructed by the IMPROVE method,and ammonium sulfate,ammonium nitrate,OM and EC dominated the *** main sources were resolved for PM_(2.5),including secondary particles,coal combustion,biomass burning,industry,motor vehicle exhaust,soil dust and cooking,which accounted for 37%,21%,13%,13%,12%,3%and 1%,*** contributions of different sources to visibility were similar to those to PM_(2.5).With increasing severity of air pollution,the contributions of secondary particles and coal combustion increased,while the contribution of motor vehicle exhaust *** results showed that coal combustion and biomass burning were still the main sources of air pollution in Jinan.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Jinan Source apportionment Extinction

Secondary organic aerosols in Jinan, an urban site in North China: Significant anthropogenic contributions to heavy pollution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第6期31卷 107-115页

作者： Yusi Liu Xingru Li guiqian tang Lili Wang Bo Lv Xueqing Guo Yuesi Wang Department of Chemistry Analytical and Testing Center Capital Normal University State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorology Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Jinan Environmental Monitoring Center

Secondary organic aerosols(SOAs) are an important component of particulates, but whether biogenic SOAs(BSOAs) or anthropogenic SOAs(ASOAs) are the dominant contributors to haze pollution remains poorly characterized. In this study, particulate samples were collected from September 2014 to August 2015 at an urban site in Jinan, which is the capital of Shandong Province and a typical city in the North China Plain. The PM2.5 samples were analyzed for BSOA(isoprene(SOAI) and monoterpenes(SOAM)) and ASOA(aromatic(SOAA)) tracers. The concentrations of the SOAAtracer(1.1 ± 1.0 ng/m3) were lowest, and those of SOAItracers(41.8 ± 86.2 ng/m3) were highest, with the concentrations of SOAMtracers(19.4 ± 9.9 ng/m3) being intermediate. The SOAItracers were more abundant in the summer and less abundant in the winter. Both SOAIand SOAMincreased with increasing ozone level but decreased with increasing NOx level. Correlation analysis revealed a good correlation between 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid and levoglucosan levels in three seasons. These results suggested that biomass burning activities occurring in the NCP can enhance the emissions of aromatics and should be controlled, especially in the autumn and winter. SOA tracers were classified according to pollution degree, and the results showed that as pollution increases, the contributions of SOAAincrease. These results indicate that reducing anthropogenic emissions is necessary to prevent SOA pollution, especially during heavy pollution episodes.

关键词： Seasonal variations Biogenic secondary organic aerosols Biomass burning Anthropogenic contributions

Organic composition of gasoline and its potential effects on air pollution in North China

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第9期58卷 1416-1425页

作者： guiqian tang Jie Sun Fangkun Wu Yang Sun Xiaowan Zhu Yejun Geng Yuesi Wang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences China Petroleum Engineering Co. Ltd. (CPE)

When gasoline is burned to power an automotive engine, a portion of the fuel remains unburned or is partially burned and leaves the engine as hydrocarbon and oxygenated compounds. In addition, a small portion of the fuel can escape the vehicle through evaporation. Changes in alkanes, olefins and aromatics each affect emissions differently, which could complicate control strategies for air pollution. In this study, we collected 31 gasoline samples over five provinces and cities(Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, and Shaanxi) in North China between 2012 and 2013. The organic composition of the gasoline samples was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) method, and the aniline compounds were analyzed by solvent extraction and the GC-MS method. The ratios of alkanes, aromatics, olefins and other organic compounds in gasoline were 40.6%, 38.1%, 12.9% and 8.4%, respectively. The aromatic and benzene exceedances were 15 and 8 based on the China's gasoline standards(III), and they accounted for 48.4% and 25.8% of all the gasoline samples, respectively. Strong carcinogen aniline compounds were detected in all 31 samples, and the content of aniline compounds in 3 samples exceeded 1%. The high proportion of aromatics and olefins in the gasoline increased the emissions of carbon monoxide(CO) and toxics, as well as the atmospheric photochemical reactivity of exhaust emissions, which could hasten the formation of secondary pollutants. Our results are helpful for redefining government strategies to control air pollution in North China and relevant for developing new refining technology throughout China.

关键词： aniline air pollution refining process emissions

Characterization of submicron particles during autumn in Beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 16-27页

作者： Peng Xu Junke Zhang Dongsheng Ji Zirui Liu guiqian tang Changsheng Jiang Yuesi Wang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China

In this study, we performed a highly time-resolved chemical characterization of nonrefractory submicron particles（NR-PM_1） in Beijing by using an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer（HR-ToF-AMS）. The results showed the average NR-PM_1 mass concentration to be 56.4 ± 58.0 μg/m^3, with a peak at 307.4 μg/m^3. Due to the high frequency of biomass burning in autumn, submicron particles significantly increased in organic content, which accounted for 51% of NR-PM_1 on average. Secondary inorganic aerosols（sulfate ＋ nitrate ＋ ammonium） accounted for 46% of NR-PM_1, of which sulfate,nitrate, and ammonium contributed 15%, 20%, and 11%, respectively. To determine the intrinsic relationships between the organic and inorganic species, we used the positive matrix factorization（PMF） model to merge the high-resolution mass spectra of the organic species and NO＋and NO_2~＋ions. The PMF analysis separated the mixed organic and nitrate（NO＋and NO_2~＋） spectra into four organic factors, including hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol（HOA）, oxygenated organic aerosol（OOA）, cooking organic aerosol（COA）, and biomass burning organic aerosol（BBOA）, as well as one nitrate inorganic aerosol（NIA） factor. COA（33%） and OOA（30%） contributed the most to the total organic aerosol（OA） mass, followed by BBOA（20%） and HOA（17%）. We successfully quantified the mass concentrations of the organic and inorganic nitrates by the NO＋and NO2＋ions signal in the organic and NIA factors. The organic nitrate mass varied from 0.01-6.8 μg/m^3, with an average of 1.0 ±1.1 μg/m^3, and organic nitrate components accounted for 10% of the total nitrate mass in this observation.

关键词： Submicron particles Biomass burning Source apportionment Organic and inorganic nitrates

Multilevel air quality evolution in Shenyang:Impact of elevated point emission reduction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 300-310页

作者： Xiaolan Li guiqian tang Liguang Li Weijun Quan Yangfeng Wang Ziqi Zhao Ningwei Liu Ye Hong Yanjun Ma Institute of Atmospheric Environment China Meteorological AdministrationNo.388 Changbai South RoadShenyangLiaoning 110166China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Environmental Meteorology Forecast Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Beijing 100089China

Visibility observed at different altitudes is favorable to understand the causes of air *** conducted 4-years of observations of visibility at 2.8 and 60 m and particulate matter(PM)concentrations from 2015 to 2018 in Shenyang,a provincial city in Northeast *** results indicated that visibility increased with the increasing height in winter(especially at night),and decreased with height in summer(especially at the daytime).PM concentration exhibited opposite vertical variation to visibility,reflecting that visibility de-grades with the increase of aerosol concentration in the *** radiosonde meteorological data showed that weak turbulence in the planetary boundary layer(PBL)in winter favored aerosols'accumulation near the *** in summer,unstable atmospheric con-ditions,upper-level moister environment,and regional transport of air pollutants resulted in the deterioration of upper-level ***-annual variation in the two-level visibility indicated that the upper-level visibility improved more significantly than low-level visibil-ity,much likely due to the reduction in emission of elevated point sources in *** study suggested that strengthening the control of surface non-point emissions is a promis-ing control strategy to improve Shenyang air quality.

关键词： Aerosol pollution Atmospheric visibility Planetary boundary layer Northeast China Vertical evolution

Significant contribution of spring northwest transport to volatile organic compounds in Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 169-181页

作者： Dan Yao guiqian tang Yinghong Wang Yuan Yang Lili Wang Tianzeng Chen Hong He Yuesi Wang Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

High values of ozone(O_(3))occur frequently in the dry spring season;thus,understanding the evolution characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in spring is of great significance for preventing O_(3)*** this study,a total of 101 VOCs from April 16 to May 21,2019,were quantified using an online gas chromatography mass spectrometer/flame ionization detector(GCMS/FID).The results indicated that the observed concentration of total VOCs(TVOCs)was 30.4±17.0 ppbv,and it was dominated by alkanes(44.3%),followed by oxygenated VOCs(OVOCs)(17.4%),halocarbons(12.7%),aromatics(9.5%),alkenes(8.2%),acetylene(5.3%)and carbon disulfide(2.5%).The average mixing ratio of VOCs showed obvious diurnal variation(high at night,low during daytime).We conducted a source apportionment study based on 32 major VOCs using positive matrix factorization(PMF),and coal+biomass burning(25.2%),diesel exhaust(16.0%),gasoline exhaust+evaporation(17.4%),secondary+long-lived species(16.7%),biogenic sources(4.3%),industrial emissions(9.3%)and solvent use(11.2%)were identified as major sources of *** addition to local emissions,most of the atmospheric VOCs were derived from long-distance air masses(65.7%),and the average mixing ratio of VOCs in the northwest direction was 29.4 *** with the results of the potential source contribution function(PSCF)indicate that research should focus on the local emissions of combustion,transportation sources and solvents usage to control atmospheric ***,transmission of the northwest air mass is an important component that cannot be ignored during spring in Beijing.

关键词： VOCs Source apportionment Beijing Spring Northwest transport

Evaluation and Evolution of MAX-DOAS-observed Vertical NO_(2) Profiles in Urban Beijing

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第7期38卷 1188-1196页

作者： Yanyu KANG guiqian tang Qihua LI Baoxian LIU Jianfeng CAO Qihou HU Yuesi WANG Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Airborne Particulate Matter Monitoring Technology Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring CenterBeijing 100048China Tai’an Eco-environmental Monitoring Center of Shandong Province Tai’an 271000China Hefei Institute of Material Science Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Multiaxis differential absorption spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS)is a newly developed advanced vertical profile detection method,but the vertical nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))profiles measured by MAX-DOAS have not yet been fully *** this study,we perform MAX-DOAS and tower gradient observations to simultaneously acquire tropospheric NO_(2)observations in the Beijing urban area from 1 April to 31 May *** average values of the tropospheric NO_(2)vertical column densities measured by MAX-DOAS and the tropospheric monitoring instrument are 15.8×1015 and 12.4×1015 molecules cm−2,respectively,and the correlation coefficient R reaches *** MAX-DOAS measurements are highly consistent with the tower-based in situ measurements,and the correlation coefficients R from the ground to the upper air are 0.89(60 m),0.87(160 m),and 0.76(280 m).MAX-DOAS accurately measures the trend of NO_(2)vertical profile changes,although a large underestimation occurs by a factor of *** analyzing the NO_(2)vertical profile,the NO_(2)concentration reveals an exponential decrease with *** NO_(2)vertical profile also coincides with the evolution of the boundary layer *** study shows that the NO_(2)over Beijing mainly originates from local sources and occurs in the boundary layer,and its vertical evolution pattern has an important guiding significance to better understand nitrate production and ozone pollution.

关键词： MAX-DOAS NO_(2) tower-based in situ observation TROPOMI validation vertical