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Green manuring relocates microbiomes in driving the soil functionality of nitrogen cycling to obtain preferable grain yields in thirty years

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 596-610页

作者： Guopeng Zhou Kunkun Fan Songjuan Gao Danna Chang guilong li Ting liang Hai liang Shun li Jiudong Zhang Zongxian Che Weidong Cao State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Soil&Fertilizer and Resource&Environment Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730070China

Fertilizers are widely used to produce more food, inevitably altering the diversity and composition of soil organisms. The role of soil biodiversity in controlling multiple ecosystem services remains unclear, especially after decades of fertilization. Here, we assess the contribution of the soil functionalities of carbon(C), nitrogen(N), and phosphorus(P) cycling to crop production and explore how soil organisms control these functionalities in a 33-year field fertilization experiment. The long-term application of green manure or cow manure produced wheat yields equivalent to those obtained with chemical N, with the former providing higher soil functions and allowing the functionality of N cycling(especially soil N mineralization and biological N fixation) to control wheat production. The keystone phylotypes within the global network rather than the overall microbial community dominated the soil multifunctionality and functionality of C,N, and P cycling across the soil profile(0–100 cm). We further confirmed that these keystone phylotypes consisted of many metabolic pathways of nutrient cycling and essential microbes involved in organic C mineralization, N_(2)O release, and biological N fixation. The chemical N, green manure, and cow manure resulted in the highest abundances of amoB, nifH, and GH48 genes and Nitrosomonadaceae,Azospirillaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae within the keystone phylotypes, and these microbes were significantly and positively correlated with N_(2)O release, N fixation, and organic C mineralization, respectively. Moreover, our results demonstrated that organic fertilization increased the effects of the network size and keystone phylotypes on the subsoil functions by facilitating the migration of soil microorganisms across the soil profiles and green manure with the highest migration rates. This study highlights the importance of the functionality of N cycling in controlling crop production and keystone phylotypes in regulating soil functions, an

关键词： soil biodiversity soil multifunctionality element cycling keystone phylotypes

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Characteristics of the microbial communities regulate soil multi-functionality under different cover crop amendments in Ultisol

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2099-2111页

作者： guilong li Xiaofen Chen Wenjing Qin Jingrui Chen Ke Leng Luyuan Sun Ming liu Meng Wu Jianbo Fan Changxu Xu Jia liu Soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environment Institute Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China Key Laboratory of Acidified Soil Amelioration and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanchang 330200China Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil Chinese Academy of SciencesYingtan 335211China

The use of cover crops is a promising strategy for influencing the soil microbial consortium,which is essential for the delivery of multiple soil functions(i.e.,soil multifunctionality).Nonetheless,relatively little is known about the role of the soil microbial consortium in mediating soil multifunctionality under different cover crop amendments in dryland ***,we assessed the multifunctionality of soils subjected to four cover crop amendments(control,non-amended treatment;RD,radish monoculture;HV,hairy vetch monoculture;and RDHV,radish-hairy vetch mixture),and we investigated the contributions of soil microbial richness,network complexity,and ecological clusters to soil *** results demonstrated that cover crops whose chemical composition differed from that of the main plant crop promoted higher multifunctionality,and the radish-hairy vetch mixture rendered the highest *** obtained evidence that changes in soil microbial richness and network complexity triggered by the cover crops were associated with higher soil ***,specialized microbes in a key ecological cluster(ecological cluster 2)of the soil microbial network were particularly important for maintaining soil *** results highlight the importance of cover crop-induced variations in functionally important taxa for promoting the soil multifunctionality of dryland Ultisols.

关键词： cover crops soil multifunctionality microbial richness network complexity ecological cluster

Variation of the NAO and NPO associated with climate jump in the 1960s

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第21期44卷 1983-1987页

作者： Chongyin li guilong li Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys LASG Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

The interannual variation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and its relationship with the climate jump in the Northern Hemisphere in the 1960s, are discussed using the data analyses. It is clearly shown that the amplitudes of the NAO and NPO were all increased obviously in the 1960s and the main period of the

关键词： North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO ) North Pacific Oscillation (NPO ) climate jump.

The relationship between low frequency atmospheric oscillation and SST in equatorial Pacific

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第12期44卷 1126-1130页

作者： Chongyin li guilong li Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys LASG Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

Based on analyzing the tropical Pacific SST and ECMWF data in the 1980s, the inverse characteristics between low frequency atmospheric oscillation (LFO), including intrasea-sonal oscillation and half-year oscillation and the SST anomalies in the tropical Pacific (SSTA) have been found. The positive SSTA corresponds to the weak LFO, the negative SSTA to the strong LFO. The correlation field further demonstrates this kind of negative correlation and points out that the anomalous LFO in Indonesia plays an important role in the variation of SSTA in the tropical centre-eastern Pacific.

关键词： low frequency oscillation (LFO) sea surface temperature (SST).

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四种药剂对韶山市稻飞虱的田间防治效果

南方农业 2024年第4期18卷 13-15页

作者：龙向军李贵龙吴爱君韶山市农业技术推广中心湖南韶山411300 湘乡市植保植检站湖南湘乡411400

10%三氟苯嘧啶悬浮剂为新上市的稻飞虱防治药剂,为验证其与当前稻飞虱防治中使用较广泛的吡蚜酮、烯啶虫胺和吡虫啉的防治效果,于2022年在湖南省韶山市开展试验。试验结果表明,在韶山市晚稻生产中,10%三氟苯嘧啶悬浮剂处理组在施药后30 ... 详细信息

10%三氟苯嘧啶悬浮剂为新上市的稻飞虱防治药剂,为验证其与当前稻飞虱防治中使用较广泛的吡蚜酮、烯啶虫胺和吡虫啉的防治效果,于2022年在湖南省韶山市开展试验。试验结果表明,在韶山市晚稻生产中,10%三氟苯嘧啶悬浮剂处理组在施药后30 d虫口减退率均呈正数,对稻飞虱的控制时间比50%吡蚜酮水分散粒剂、50%烯啶虫胺水分散粒剂、10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂更长;10%三氟苯嘧啶悬浮剂处理组药后5 d、14 d、21 d、30 d的校正防效明显高于50%吡蚜酮水分散粒剂处理、50%烯啶虫胺水分散粒剂处理、10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂处理;各药剂均对水稻没有药害,对田间蜘蛛数量也没有明显影响。总的来说,10%三氟苯嘧啶悬浮剂对稻飞虱防效显著,具有很好的速效性和持效性,且对水稻和其他生物安全,是一种高效防控稻飞虱、对环境友好的药剂,具有极大的推广应用前景。

关键词：三氟苯嘧啶晚稻稻飞虱药效评价湖南省韶山市

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化肥配施有机肥对花生根际细菌群落结构及共存网络的影响

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土壤 2022年第3期54卷 498-507页

作者：李桂龙李朋发吴萌李忠佩土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

为评估化肥配施有机肥对花生根际细菌群落的影响,田间试验条件下研究了不施肥(CK)、施化学氮磷钾肥(NPK)和化学氮磷钾肥+有机肥配施(NPKM)对花生根际细菌群落多样性、结构和共存网络的影响。结果表明:NPKM处理下花生根际土养分状况明显... 详细信息

为评估化肥配施有机肥对花生根际细菌群落的影响,田间试验条件下研究了不施肥(CK)、施化学氮磷钾肥(NPK)和化学氮磷钾肥+有机肥配施(NPKM)对花生根际细菌群落多样性、结构和共存网络的影响。结果表明:NPKM处理下花生根际土养分状况明显改善,特别是有效磷的含量,较CK和NPK处理分别提高了5.31倍~12.16倍和3.24倍~6.50倍;而NPK处理下花生根际土养分状况并没有明显提升;SourceTracker分析显示,NPKM处理下根际细菌群落中只有2.1%~5.5%的物种来源于有机肥自身,但其花生根际细菌群落多样性在生育期前期要明显高于CK和NPK处理,而CK和NPK处理下根际细菌群落多样性差异不大;限制性主成分分析(CAP)显示,施肥措施和生育期均对根际细菌群落结构产生了显著影响,NPKM处理下花生根际土中富集了属于根瘤菌目(Rhizobiales)、梭菌目(Clostridiales)和芽孢杆菌目(Bacillales)这一类根际促生菌,根际细菌共存网络结构更加复杂,且网络中重要连接点的比例要也明显高于CK和NPK处理网络。可见,化肥配施有机肥有助于构建一个健康稳定的根际细菌群落。

关键词：化肥配施有机肥根际微生物细菌共存网络

Climate Change and Heavy Rainfall-Related Water Damage Insurance Claims and Losses in Ontario, Canada

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第2期4卷 49-62页

作者： Chad Shouquan Cheng Qian li guilong li Heather Auld Science Section Operations-Ontario Meteorological Service of Canada Environment Canada Toronto Canada

The objective of this paper was to project possible impacts of climate change on heavy rainfall-related water damage insurance claims and incurred losses for four selected cites (Kitchener-Waterloo, London, Ottawa, and Toronto) located at Ontario, Canada. To achieve this goal, the future climate change scenarios and rainfall simulations, at local scale, were needed. A statistical downscaling method was used to downscale five global climate model (GCM) scenarios to selected weather stations. The downscaled meteorological variables included surface and upper-air hourly temperature, dew point, west-east and south-north winds, air pressure, and total cloud cover. These variables are necessary to project future daily rainfall quantities using within-weather-type rainfall simulation models. A model result verification process has been built into the whole exercise, including rainfall simulation modeling and the development of downscaling transfer functions. The results of the verification, based on historical observations of the outcome variables simulated by the models, showed a very good agreement. To effectively evaluate heavy rainfall-related water damage insurance claims and incurred losses, a rainfall index was developed considering rainfall intensity and duration. The index was evaluated to link with insurance data as to determination of a critical threshold of the rainfall index for triggering high numbers of rainfall-related water damage insurance claims and incurred losses. The relationship between rainfall index and insurance data was used with future rainfall simulations to project changes in future heavy rainfall-related sewer flood risks in terms of water damage insurance claims and incurred losses. The modeled results showed that, averaged over the five GCM scenarios and across the study area, both the monthly total number of rainfall-related water damage claims and incurred losses could increase by about 13%, 20% and 30% for the periods 2016-2035, 2046-206

关键词： Climate Change Statistical Downscaling Rainfall-Related Flooding Risks Water Damage Insurance Claims Canada

Possible Impacts of Climate Change on Daily Streamflow and Extremes at Local Scale in Ontario, Canada. Part I: Historical Simulation

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2012年第4期2卷 416-426页

作者： Chad Shouquan Cheng Qian li guilong li Heather Auld Adaptation and Impacts Research Division Science and Technology Branch Environment Canada Toronto Canada Science Section Operations—Ontario Meteorological Service of Canada Environment Canada Toronto Canada

The paper forms the first part of an introduction to possible impacts of climate change on daily streamflow and extremes in the Province of Ontario, Canada. In this study, both conceptual and statistical streamflow simulation modeling theories were collectively applied to simulate daily streamflow volumes. Based on conceptual rainfall-runoff modeling principle, the predictors were selected to take into account several physical factors that affect streamflow, such as (1) current and previous quantities of rainfall over the watershed, (2) an index of pre-storm moisture conditions, (3) an index of pre-storm evapotranspiration capacities, and (4) a seasonal factor representing seasonal variation of streamflow volume. These rainfall-runoff conceptual factors were applied to an autocorrelation correction regression procedure to develop a daily streamflow simulation model for each of the four selected river basins. The streamflow simulation models were validated using a leave-one-year-out cross-validation scheme. The simulation models identified that the explanatory predictors are consistent with the physical processes typically associated with high-streamflow events. Daily streamflow simulation models show that there are significant correlations between daily streamflow observations and model validations, with model R2s of 0.68-0.71, 0.61-0.62, 0.71-0.74, and 0.95 for Grand, Humber, Upper Thames, and Rideau River Basins, respectively. The major reason for the model performance varying across the basins might be that rainfall-runoff response time and physical characteristics differ significantly among the selected river basins. The results suggest that streamflow simulation models can be used to assess possible impacts of climate change on daily streamflow and extremes at a local scale, which is major objective of a companion paper (Part II).

关键词： Rainfall-Related Streamflow Simualtion Statistic Methods Ontario Canada

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腐殖酸配施壳聚糖调控设施番茄土壤细菌群落

农业环境科学学报 2022年第12期41卷 2772-2778页

作者：鲍莹严梦圆吴萌李桂龙刘凯李忠佩土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

为探索针对设施番茄青枯病的高效绿色防治方法,从设施番茄菜地采集发病土壤,并添加生物改良剂腐殖酸和(或)壳聚糖,在26℃的恒温培养箱内进行为期10周的土壤培育试验。结果表明:腐殖酸与壳聚糖配施处理(HC)下,土壤细菌群落结构显著区别... 详细信息

为探索针对设施番茄青枯病的高效绿色防治方法,从设施番茄菜地采集发病土壤,并添加生物改良剂腐殖酸和(或)壳聚糖,在26℃的恒温培养箱内进行为期10周的土壤培育试验。结果表明:腐殖酸与壳聚糖配施处理(HC)下,土壤细菌群落结构显著区别于空白对照和单施处理(Plispora spp.)和Terracidiphilus spp.的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05);共现网络结果表明HC处理下子网络的网络连接性、聚类系数和平均度显著提高(P<0.05),有益微生物与劳尔氏菌间存在直接和间接的抑制作用,且以间接抑制作用为主。研究表明,腐殖酸与壳聚糖配施增强了土壤细菌群落之间的相互作用,并且能通过富集有益微生物类群来抑制劳尔氏菌生长,在合理管理设施番茄菜地、防控土传病害中具有实际应用潜力。

关键词：腐殖酸壳聚糖设施番茄青枯病高通量测序

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