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The pleiotropic vasoprotective functions of high density lipoproteins(HDL)

The Journal of Biomedical Research 2018年第3期32卷 164-182页

作者： guilaine boyce Emily Button Sonja Soo Cheryl Wellington Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia

The pleiotropic functions of circulating high density lipoprotein（HDL） on peripheral vascular health are well established. HDL plays a pivotal role in reverse cholesterol transport and is also known to suppress inflammation,endothelial activation and apoptosis in peripheral vessels. Although not expressed in the central nervous system, HDL has nevertheless emerged as a potential resilience factor for dementia in multiple epidemiological studies. Animal model data specifically support a role for HDL in attenuating the accumulation of P-amyloid within cerebral vessels concomitant with reduced neuroinflammation and improved cognitive performance. As the vascular contributions to dementia are increasingly appreciated, this review seeks to summarize recent literature focused on the vasoprotective properties of HDL that may extend to cerebral vessels, discuss potential roles of HDL in dementia relative to brainderived lipoproteins, identify gaps in current knowledge, and highlight new opportunities for research and discovery.

关键词： high density lipoprotein vascular function vascular disease alzheimer disease HDL-proteome HDL-lipidome

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Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity among Children Ages 0 to 3.5 Living in the Miramichi Public Health Region of New-Brunswick, Canada

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 334-347页

作者： Etienne Dako Louise Anin Atchibri Fabrice Mobetty Slimane Belbraouet guilaine Tchadieu Tchapya Lita Villalon Lita Villalon Laboratory of Biotechnology and Human Nutrition School of Food Science Nutrition and Family Studies Faculty of Health Science and Community Services University of Moncton New-Brunswick Canada Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety Department of Food Science and Technology University of Nanguy Abrogoua Abidjan Ivory Coast

Obesity, a major risk factor in numerous pathologies, poses a public health problem. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of the risk of overweight, overweight and obesity, as well as to identify and analyze the risk factors for weight gain among children in Miramichi in New Brunswick’s Horizon Health Network (HHN). This descriptive cross-sectional study was done between 2009 and 2014. The study population was composed of 335 children (185 boys and 150 girls) ages 0 to 42 months and their parents. Overweight and obesity were determined according to World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria adapted for Canada. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity. The prevalence of risk for overweight is 21% at birth as opposed to 55% at 42 months (both sexes together), and the prevalence of risk for overweight including obesity affects 11.8% of children, that is, 12.7% of boys as opposed to 10.94% of girls (p < 0.0001). The prevalence among boys is 1.2 times that among girls. This study also reveals that at 42 months, the average prevalence of obesity is 6.5% (8% for boys and 5% for girls). The mothers of overweight children have a higher post-pregnancy BMI (32.78 ± 4.16 kg/m2) than do the mothers of children who are a healthy weight (26.17 ± 7.90 kg/m2) (p < 0.0001). Moreover, 29.7% of children are overweight when both parents are overweight compared to 14.97% when both parents are a healthy weight (p < 0.05). This means that children are twice as likely to be overweight when both parents are overweight compared to children whose parents are a healthy weight. Otherwise, only 17% of the 335 children assessed in this study were breastfed and started on solid foods in accordance with the WHO recommendations. This study clearly shows that overweight is associated with sex, birth weight, parental obesity, maternal breastfeeding and the age of introduction of solid foods. The prevalence and id

关键词： Child Obesity Overweight Risk Factors Horizon Health Network Miramichi New Brunswick

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