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Response of Castor Bean Plants to Different Row Spacings and Planting Seasons

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 10-15页

作者： guil.erme eugenio machado lopes Henrique Duarte Vieira Fábio Luiz Partelli Petrobras Biocombustível Rio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratório de Fitotecnia Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Departamento de Ciencias Agrárias e Biológicas Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoSao MateusBrazil

The cultivation of the castor bean plant is prominent and important because of its potential for producing vegetable oils with special properties. However, research on cultivating castor bean plants is scarce, especially in areas with altitudes of 300 m or below. Moreover, the currently available cultivars have not been widely tested in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the castor bean cultivar BRS Nordestina to different spacings at low altitudes during two cropping seasons. The study was conducted in the municipality of Itaocara, in the northwest Fluminense region, Brazil, which has an altitude of 60 m. The treatments consisted of five row spacings (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 m) with 1 m between plants. The plants were cultivated in the 2007/2008 spring/summer season or in the 2008 autumn/winter season. A randomised block design with four replicates was used. The following parameters were assessed: plant height, height of insertion of primary raceme, number of racemes per plant, raceme length, number of fruits per raceme and grain yield. The spacing of 2.5 m between rows had the highest yield of castor beans during the two cropping seasons. The average yield of the cultivar BRS Nordestina indicates its potential for cultivation in northern Rio de Janeiro, below an altitude of 300 m. The yield was higher during the summer cropping season. The less-dense arrangement of the plant population contributed to the cultivation of plants with more racemes in both growing seasons.

关键词： Ricinus communis L. Yield Planting Season

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Partial Nephrectomy as Treatment of an Atypical Metastasis from Prostate Cancer—A Case Report and Review of Literature

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Open Journal of Urology 2018年第1期8卷 8-16页

作者： Ulisses lopes Guerra Pereira Sobrinho André Luiz Lima Diniz Rodrigo Galves Mesquita Martins Diogo eugenio Abreu Da Silva Tomás Accioly De Souza José Anacleto Dutra De Resende Júnior Department of Urology Lagoa Federal Hospital Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer in man and the second in cancer-specific deaths in this population in the world. Most of the causes of death related to prostate cancer are due to its distant metastases, with the most common sites being: skeleton, distant lymph nodes, liver and lung. Renal metastasis is rare, and studies suggest infiltration due to arterial microembolization of the tumor. A key point in this scenario is the clinical suspicion of differential diagnoses, to offer the patient an effective therapy in such a specific case. Aim: To report a case of a patient with prostate cancer undergoing partial nephrectomy whose histopathological report revealed a metastatic lesion of that primary site. Case Presentation: 74 years old man, referred in May 2015 due to high PSA level and lumbago. PSA 323.11 ng/dl, rectal examination cT3a;biopsy was performed and histopathological study reported bilateral prostate adenocarcinoma, Gleason’s score 8 (4 + 4). Patient’s staging showed multiple secondary implants on skeletal scintigraphy. Tomography revealed solid exophytic lesion in the lower pole of the right kidney (4.7 × 3.6 cm);prostate without cleavage planes with seminal vesicles and pelvic node enlargement. Hormone therapy was initiated, PSA levels dropped to 9.51 ng/dl and total testosterone Conclusion: Given the rarity of these cases, it is not possible to presume that nephrectomy enhances the survival rates. However, we observed that partial nephrectomy was a good choice for our patient, being the first case described in the literature. More reports should be available and studies with higher levels of evidence should be conducted to assist us in patient orientation and decision making.

关键词： Advanced Prostate Cancer Kidney Metastasis Partial Nephrectomy

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