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Mercury contents and potential exposure risk of rice-containing food products

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 683-690页

作者： Xin Wang Yingjun Wang Yaqi Zhang Ziyan liu Xiaomeng Ji yong Cai Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Chemistry&Biochemistry Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA

Mercury(Hg),especially methylmercury(MeHg),accumulation in rice grain due to rice paddy possessing conditions conducive to Hg methylation has led to human Hg exposure through consumption of rice-based daily *** addition to being a food staple,rice is widely used as a raw material to produce a vast variety of processed food *** is known about Hg levels in snacking rice-food products and potential Hg exposure from consumption of them,besides previous studies on infant rice *** to provide complementary information for a more complete assessment on Hg exposure risk originated from Hgcontaining rice,this study determined total Hg(THg)and MeHg levels in 195 rice-containing and rice-free processed food products covering all major types of snack foods marketed in China and the estimated daily intake(EDI)of dietary Hg from the consumption of these *** results clearly showed THg and MeHg contents in rice-containing foods were significantly higher than rice-free products,suggesting the transfer of Hg and MeHg from the rice to the end products,even after manufacturing ***,significant positive correlations were observed between THg,MeHg,or MeHg/THg ratio and rice content for samples containing multiple grains as ingredients,further indicating the deciding role of rice for Hg levels in the end food *** the EDI of THg and MeHg via ricebased food products were relatively low compared to the reference dose,it should be considered these snacking food products would contribute additive Hg intake outside of the daily regular meals.

关键词： Mercury Methylmercury Processed food products Rice Dietary exposure

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Evaluation of detonation performance of explosives ICM-101,ONC,and TNAZ based on improved VHL equation of state

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 83-97页

作者： yong Han Qin liu Yingliang Duan Yaqi Zhao Xinping Long Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsYouxian DistrictMianyang621000China China Academy of Engineering Physics Youxian DistrictMianyang621000China

Detonation performance is crucial for evaluating the power of high explosives(HEs),and the equation of state(EOS)that accurately describes the high-temperature,high-pressure,and high-temperature,medium-pressure states of detonation products is key to assessing the damage efficiency of these energetic *** article examines the limitations of the VLW EOS in representing the thermodynamic states of explosive detonation gas products under high-temperature and medium-to high-pressure conditions.A new gas EOS for detonation products,called VHL(Virial-Han-Long),is *** accuracy of VHL in describing gas states under high-temperature and medium-to high-pressure conditions is verified,and its performance in evaluating explosive detonation and working capabilities is *** results demonstrate that VHL exhibits high precision in calculating detonation ***,the detonation performance of three new HEs(ICM-101,ONC,and TNAZ)was calculated and compared to traditional HEs(TATB,CL-20,and HMX).The results indicate that ONC has superior detonation performance compared to the other explosives,while ICM-101 shows a detonation velocity similar to CL-20 but with slightly lower detonation *** detonation characteristics of TNAZ are comparable to those of the standard HE *** the perspective of products,considering the comprehensive work performance(mechanical work and detonation heat),both ONC and ICM-101demonstrate relatively superior performance.

关键词： Equation of state Detonation performance Working capability Thermodynamics High explosive

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Deep reinforcement learning based integrated evasion and impact hierarchical intelligent policy of exo-atmospheric vehicles

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 409-426页

作者： Leliang REN Weilin GUO yong XIAN Zhenyu liu Daqiao ZHANG Shaopeng LI Xi’an Research Institute of High Technology Xi’an 710025China China Xi’an Satellite Control Center Xi’an710043China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Exo-atmospheric vehicles are constrained by limited maneuverability,which leads to the contradiction between evasive maneuver and precision *** address the problem of Integrated Evasion and Impact(IEI)decision under multi-constraint conditions,a hierarchical intelligent decision-making method based on Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)was ***,an intelligent decision-making framework of“DRL evasion decision”+“impact prediction guidance decision”was established:it takes the impact point deviation correction ability as the constraint and the maximum miss distance as the objective,and effectively solves the problem of poor decisionmaking effect caused by the large IEI decision ***,to solve the sparse reward problem faced by evasion decision-making,a hierarchical decision-making method consisting of maneuver timing decision and maneuver duration decision was proposed,and the corresponding Markov Decision Process(MDP)was designed.A detailed simulation experiment was designed to analyze the advantages and computational complexity of the proposed *** results show that the proposed model has good performance and low computational resource *** minimum miss distance is 21.3 m under the condition of guaranteeing the impact point accuracy,and the single decision-making time is 4.086 ms on an STM32F407 single-chip microcomputer,which has engineering application value.

关键词： Exo-atmospheric vehicle Integrated evasion and impact Deep reinforcement learning Hierarchical intelligent policy Single-chip microcomputer Miss distance

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Escobar-Lichnerowicz-Reilly type eigenvalue estimate for the weighted p-Laplacian on manifolds with integral Ricci curvature

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2025年

作者： yong Tao liu School of Mathematics and Statistics Ningxia University

Under the assumption of integral m-Bakry-émery Ricci curvature, we give an Escobar-LichnerowiczReilly type eigenvalue estimate for the weighted p-Laplacian on compact smooth metric measure spaces with or without boundaries. This conclusion is a generalization and improvement of Wang-Li’s result in the case of integral Bakry-émery Ricci curvature, and of Seto-Wei’s one to the compact metric measure space setting. Our main tools are the weighted p-Bochner formula and the weighted p-Reilly formula.

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Experimental and numerical simulation of the attenuation effect of blast shock waves in tunnels at different altitudes

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 120-141页

作者： Changjiang liu Hujun Li Zhen Wang yong He Guokai Zhang Mingyang Wang School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact People's Liberation Army Engineering UniversityNanjing 210014China

Traffic engineering such as tunnels in various altitudinal gradient zone are at risk of accidental explosion,which can damage personnel and *** prediction of the distribution pattern of explosive loads and shock wave propagation process in semi-enclosed structures at various altitude environment is key research focus in the fields of explosion shock and fluid *** effect of altitude on the propagation of shock waves in tunnels was investigated by conducting explosion test and numerical *** on the experimental and numerical simulation results,a prediction model for the attenuation of the peak overpressure of tunnel shock waves at different altitudes was *** results showed that the peak overpressure decreased at the same measurement points in the tunnel entrance under the high altitude *** contrast,an increase in altitude accelerated the propagation speed of the shock wave in the *** average error between the peak shock wave overpressure obtained using the overpressure prediction formula and the measured test data was less than15%,the average error between the propagation velocity of shock waves predicted values and the test data is less than 10%.The method can effectively predict the overpressure attenuation of blast wave in tunnel at various altitudes.

关键词： Shock wave propagation Tunnel Altitude effect Peak overpressure Shock waves velocity Engineering safety

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Electrospun nanofibers for electrochemical reduction of CO_(2): From spinning fabrication techniques to electrocatalyst design

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 80-100页

作者： Yanbiao liu Ping Feng Zhenzhen Wang Yan Yan yong Zheng Yu Zhang Mingkai liu Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004China Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat JenaJena 07743Germany School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243002China College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion MaterialsChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(ECO_(2)RR)into value-added fuels and chemicals presents a promising avenue for mitigating CO_(2) emissions while simultaneously contributing to economic growth,thereby addressing critical environmental and energy ***,the large-scale implementation of ECO_(2)RR is significantly impeded by the necessity to design efficient catalysts that exhibit both high activity and *** catalysts must overcome the sluggish kinetics associated with ECO_(2)RR as well as the competing hydrogen evolution *** recent decades,electrospun nanofibers have garnered considerable attention as potential catalysts for ECO_(2)RR,attributable to their high surface area with abundant active sites,tunable functionalities,and enhanced *** review comprehensively examines the rational design of ECO_(2)RR catalysts utilizing electrospinning *** commence with an in-depth exploration of the principles underlying the electrospinning process and subsequently summarize key factors influencing this process,including solution parameters,environmental conditions,and electrospinning operational ***,we discuss recent advancements in ECO_(2)RR catalysts synthesized through electrospinning,encompassing carbon nanofibers,composite nanofibers,and metal ***,we delineate future perspectives and the challenges that electrospun materials face in the context of ECO_(2)RR *** review aims to inspire high-quality research directed toward the advancement of electrospun materials for improved performance in ECO_(2)RR.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction catalyst design electrospinning single-atom catalysts

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An ionic liquid assisted hydrogel functionalized silica stationary phase for mixed-mode liquid chromatography

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 491-495页

作者： Tong Zhang Xiaojing Liang Licheng Wang Shuai Wang Xiaoxiao liu yong Guo Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Monitoring for State Market RegulationLanzhou 730050China

An ionic liquid assisted hydrogel modified silica was synthesized using a one-pot polymerization and physical coating technique and subsequently applied to mixed-mode liquid *** techniques,including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and elemental analysis,etc.,confirmed the successful prepared of this innovative stationary *** unique combination of amide,long alkyl chain,and imidazole ring in the hydrogel coating enables the stationary phase to function effectively in hydrophilic/reversed-phase/ion exchange liquid ***,the stationary phase exhibited superior separation performance owing to the synergistic effect of the ionic liquid and *** was particularly evident when analyzing various analytes such as organic acids,nucleosides/bases,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and ***,under our operating conditions,an excellent column efficiency of 53,642.9 plates/m was achieved for *** summary,we have proposed a straightforward strategy to enhance the separation performance of hydrogel coatings in liquid chromatography,thereby broadening the potential applications of hydrogels in the field of separation.

关键词： Ionic liquid Hydrogel Functionalized silica Synergistic effect Stationary phase

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Post-silking leaf senescence is delayed in low-N-tolerant maize cultivars under low N fertilization

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Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 246-256页

作者： Wei, gui Wang, Xinglong Wu, Yawei liu, Fan Lan, Tianqiong liu, Qinlin Lyu, Chengcheng Kong, Fanlei Yuan, Jichao College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Sichuan Chengdu 611130 China Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture Sichuan Chengdu 611130 China Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Chengdu 611130 China

A four-year field experiment was conducted with two cultivars and four N rate to investigate the spatio-temporal characteristics of leaf senescence in maize after silking and its response to N fertilizer rates on them, as well as to reveal the differences in post-silking chlorophyll degradation between low-N-tolerant cultivars. The results showed that the order of leaf senescence after silking in maize was lower leaf > upper leaf > ear leaf, leaf tip > middle > base. Increasing N fertilizer down-regulated the expression of ZmCLH2 and ZmPPH in the leaves at 10–30 d after silking, reducing CLH and PPH activities, thereby delaying the leaf senescence. These effects were more prominent in low-N-sensitive cultivar Xianyu 508 (XY508) than in low-N-tolerant cultivar Zhenghong 311 (ZH311), especially in the lower leaves and leaf tip. Under low N condition, leaf yellowing and chlorophyll degradation occurred later and slower in ZH311 than in XY508. This resulted in a higher post-silking dry matter accumulation and grain yield in ZH311, which may be one of the important physiological bases of low nitrogen tolerant cultivars. Future research should focus on developing low-N-tolerant maize cultivars with slower leaf senescence near the ear after silking. © 2024

关键词： Chlorophyll degradation Low-N-tolerant maize variety Nitrogen fertilizer Spatio-temporal characteristics

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Emerging natural clay-based materials for stable and dendrite-free lithium metal anodes: A review

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 161-172页

作者： Haobo Wang Fei Wang yong liu Zhongxiu liu Yingjie Miao Wanhong Zhang Guangxin Wang Jiangtao Ji Qiaobao Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology Henan University of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering Huanghe Science and Technology University Henan Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Materials Science & Processing Technology Henan University of Science and Technology College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University

Lithium metal is one of the most promising anodes for lithium batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity and the low electrochemical potential. However, the commercialization of lithium metal anodes(LMAs) is facing significant obstacles, such as uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth and unstable solid electrolyte interface, leading to inferior Coulombic efficiency, unsatisfactory cycling stability and even serious safety issues. Introducing low-cost natural clay-based materials(NCBMs) in LMAs is deemed as one of the most effective methods to solve aforementioned issues. These NCBMs have received considerable attention for stabilizing LMAs due to their unique structure, large specific surface areas, abundant surface groups, high mechanical strength, excellent thermal stability, and environmental friendliness. Considering the rapidly growing research enthusiasm for this topic in the last several years, here, we review the recent progress on the application of NCBMs in stable and dendrite-free *** different structures and modification methods of natural clays are first summarized. In addition, the relationship between their modification methods and nano/microstructures, as well as their impact on the electrochemical properties of LMAs are systematically discussed. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities for application of NCBMs in stable LMAs are also proposed to facilitate their further development.

关键词： Aolid-state electrolyte Li metal anodes Natural clay-based materials Rechargeable batteries Surface modification

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Geostatistics-block-based characterization of the relationship between rock mass quality and powder factor and its application on open-pit limit optimization

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2025年第1期35卷 135-147页

作者： Jinduo Li Tianhong Yang Feiyue liu Shigui Du Wenxue Deng yong Zhao Honglei liu Leilei Niu Zhiqiang Xu Center for Rock Instability and Seismicity Research School of Resources&Civil EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China Institute of Rock Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Shuguang Gold and Copper Open Pit Mine Zijin Mining Group Company LimitedHunchun 133300China

Accurately predicting the powder factor during blasting is essential for sustainable production planning in low-grade *** research presents a method for predicting powder factor based on the heterogeneity of rock mass rating(RMR).Considering a low-grade metal mine as an example,this study exploited geostatistical methods to obtain independent RMR for each block unit.A three-dimensional spatial distribution model for the powder factor was developed on the basis of the relationships between the RMR and the powder ***,models for blasting cost and mining value were built and employed to optimize the open-pit *** multi-variable model based on the RMR performed well in predicting the powder factor,achieving a correlation coefficient of 0.88(root mean square error of 4.3)and considerably outperforming the uniaxial compressive strength *** model optimization,the mean size and standard deviation of the fragments in the blast pile decreased by 8.5%and 35.1%,respectively,whereas the boulder yield and its standard deviation decreased by 33.3%and 58.8%,***,optimizing the open-pit limit using this method reduced the amount of rock,increased the amount of ore,and lowered blasting costs,thereby enhancing the economic efficiency of the *** study provides valuable insights for blasting design and mining decisions,demonstrating the advantages and potential applications of powder factor prediction based on the heterogeneity of rock mass quality.

关键词： Geostatistics method Powder factor Open-pit limit optimization Blasting cost Rock mass quality

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