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Interpretable data-driven fault diagnosis method for data centers with composite air conditioning system

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Building Simulation 2024年第6期17卷 965-981页

作者： Yiqi zhang Fumin tao Baoqi Qiu Xiuming Li Yixing Chen Zongwei Han SEP Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China Energy Saving and Low-carbon Technology of Process Industry Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China College of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China

Fault detection and diagnosis are essential to the air conditioning system of the data center for elevating reliability and reducing energy *** study proposed a convolutional neural network(CNN)based data-driven fault detection and diagnosis model considering temporal dependency for composite air conditioning system that is capable of cooling the high heat flux in data *** input of fault detection and diagnosis model was an unsteady dataset generated by the experimentally validated transient mathematical *** dataset concerned three typical faults,including refrigerant leakage,evaporator fan breakdown,and condenser ***,the CNN model was trained to construct a map between the input and system operating ***,the performance of the CNN model was validated by comparing it with the support vector machine and the neural ***,the score-weighted class mapping activation method was utilized to interpret model diagnosis mechanisms and to identify key input features in various operating *** results demonstrated in the pump-driven heat pipe mode,the accuracy of the CNN model was 99.14%,increasing by around 8.5%compared with the other two *** the vapor compression mode,the accuracy of the CNN model achieved 99.9%and declined the miss rate of refrigerant leakage by at least 61%*** score-weighted class mapping activation results indicated the ambient temperature and the actuator-related parameters,such as compressor frequency in vapor compression mode and condenser fan frequency in pump-driven heat pipe mode,were essential features in system fault detection and diagnosis.

关键词： data center composite air conditioning system fault detection and diagnosis interpretable artificial intelligence

Effect of End Shape on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Two Parallel Plates

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 815-832页

作者： zhang Guang HONG Tianxiao WANG Dongrui XIN Jialin tao Junyu LIN Zhe Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China

Flow around a pair of flat plates is a basic hydrodynamics *** this paper,the flow and heat transfer characteristics of two parallel plates with different edge shapes are numerically *** different inclined angles,the influence of chamfered and rounded structures with different sizes at the end-edge on unsteady flow and heat transfer characteristics of two parallel plates are *** is found that the instability and unsteadiness of flow decrease with the increase of end-edge size,and the non-uniformity of wake velocity of both rounded and chamfered plates decreases *** non-uniformity of wake temperature increases firstly and then decreases at a small inclined angle,and the amplitude becomes the largest when S_(rou)(S_(cha))=3,while it basically keeps monotonically increasing at a large inclined ***,the global heat transfer performance of the flat plate is obviously affected by the end-edge modification,especially the chamfered *** the increase of chamfered size,the global Nusselt number basically shows the decreasing *** study provides a theoretical basis for the application of plate-shape structure in engineering fields.

关键词： two parallel plates end shape flow characteristic heat transfer numerical simulation

Enhancing Evolutionary Algorithms With Pattern Mining for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization Problems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第8期11卷 1786-1801页

作者： Sheng Qi Rui Wang tao zhang Weixiong Huang Fan Yu Ling Wang College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073and also with the Xiangjiang LaboratoryChangsha 410205China College of Transportation and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410073China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Sparse large-scale multi-objective optimization problems(SLMOPs)are common in science and ***,the large-scale problem represents the high dimensionality of the decision space,requiring algorithms to traverse vast expanse with limited computational ***,in the context of sparse,most variables in Pareto optimal solutions are zero,making it difficult for algorithms to identify non-zero variables *** paper is dedicated to addressing the challenges posed by *** start,we introduce innovative objective functions customized to mine maximum and minimum candidate *** substantial enhancement dramatically improves the efficacy of frequent pattern *** this way,selecting candidate sets is no longer based on the quantity of nonzero variables they contain but on a higher proportion of nonzero variables within specific ***,we unveil a novel approach to association rule mining,which delves into the intricate relationships between non-zero *** novel methodology aids in identifying sparse distributions that can potentially expedite reductions in the objective function *** extensively tested our algorithm across eight benchmark problems and four real-world *** results demonstrate that our approach achieves competitive solutions across various challenges.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms pattern mining sparse large-scale multi-objective problems(SLMOPs) sparse large-scale optimization.

High-frequency magnetic properties of biphase Ce_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3)/α-Fe microflakes with easy-plane anisotropy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 110-115,I0004页

作者： Ke Wang Hang zhang Yuandong Huang Zhibiao Xu Fashen Li tao Wang Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Soft magnetic composites(SMCs)are effective as magnetic powder cores in an *** to high saturation magnetization,large magnetocrystalline anisotropy and high operating frequency of M(metal)-RE(rear earth)soft magnetic composites,it is possible to miniaturize inductor cores by reducing total loss,especially eddy current loss and excess loss at high *** this article,the characteristics of Ce_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3)/α-Fe(CFN/F)loss per volume and effective permeability reaching a high frequency of 3 MHz are *** biphase CFN/F composite exhibits a high permeability of 16 at 70 MHz,which is two times greater than that of pure Ce_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3)(CFN)*** total loss is as low as 545 mW/cm^(3)at 3 MHz and 6 *** direct current(DC)-bias properties have a percent of permeability exceeding 65% at H=7960 A/*** phenomenon indicates that our material has a higher working frequency and lower core loss than other materials;the biphase CFN/F structure is a promising and efficient approach for developing the miniaturized radio frequency(RF)inductor core.

关键词： High frequency Soft magnetic composites Easy-plane anisotropy Permeability spectra Core loss Rare earths

Caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester prevents colorectal cancer through inhibition of multiple cancer-promoting signal pathways in 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine/dextran sodium sulphate mouse model

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 70-77页

作者： JIN tao ZHOU Qian SHEN Jichen zhang Zhizhong LIAN Xiaoyuan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Ocean College Zhoushan Campus of Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China

OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the potential feature and mechanism of the caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester(CADPE)molecule,which can prevent colorectal cancer(CRC)in the 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine(DMH)/dextran sodium sulphate(DSS)-induced mouse ***:Institute of cancer research(ICR)male mice were injected with 20 mg/kg DMH for a *** that,2%DSS was administered in the drinking water for another 7 *** CADPE treatment was given to the DMH/DSS induced male mice at three different periods until their *** examination was used for observing the CRC development at colonic ***(IHC),blood cells smearing and crypt damage scoring methods were used for investigating the anti-inflammation feature of CADPE related to *** reversing targets searching method was applied with artificial intelligence(AI),computeraided drug designing(CADD)and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis(IPA)techniques for predicting the potential targets and mechanism of CADPE highly related to ***:The data indicated that CADPE inhibited CRC tumor development in the colitis-associated DMH/DSS induced mouse model after giving the early *** also impeded the acute inflammation by decreasing the infiltration of neutrophils significantly during the initial stage of CRC ***,our data showed that CADPE prevented CRC by blocking active sites of three pivotal protein targets including epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR)in two major cancer development ***:CADPE effectively prevented CRC at early stage of tumor germination in the DMH/DSS mouse model highly likely due to its anti-acute inflammation characteristic and the ability of blocking EGFR,ERK and m TOR activities in two highly related CRC developing pathways.

关键词： caffeic acids colorectal neoplasms inflammation chemoprevention Sarcandra glabra

Formation mechanism of Fe-based amorphous powders produced by spark erosion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 33-46页

作者： Chekai Liu Ran Li Jiazi Bi Ding Ma Xiaobin Liu tao zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Spark erosion is a convenient,flexible,and low-cost method to quickly produce fine powders of metals,alloys,and semiconductors in size ranging from nearly a hundred micrometers to submicrometer by repetitive spark *** to the complexity of the powder-forming journey,normally accompanied by high temperature,high pressure,decomposition,diffusion and rapid quenching caused by discharge plasma,the mechanisms of powder formation and possible contaminant infiltration are still controversial,posing a significant challenge to control particle size and chemical composition of the powder produced by this *** this study,Fe-based amorphous powders in different particle-size distributions with high sphericity were fabricated by spark erosion under different discharge-energy *** max-imum particle size of the resultant powders can be correlated with discharge parameters,crater depth,and crater radius,respectively.A multi-ring-breakup model is proposed to reveal the particle-size distribution of the powder formed from the electrode melt under a single-pulse ***,a dielectric-element infiltration model is provided to quantitatively evaluate the infiltration mass ratio of the contaminant elements,stemming from the decomposed products of dielectric liquid,in the resultant powder with different particle *** models verified through the experimental data are significant for the development of high-performance fine Fe-based amorphous powder with controlled particle size and chemical composition.

关键词： Amorphous alloy Particle Spark erosion Infiltration Modeling

Linear group delay spectral interferometry for full-range precision absolute length metrology

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 313-320页

作者： JINDONG WANG JINGSHENG HUANG QIHUA LIU WEI DU FUMIN zhang tao ZHU Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology&Systems(Ministry of Education) Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology&Instruments Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The optical frequency comb serves as a powerful tool for distance measurement by integrating numerous stable optical modes into interferometric measurements,enabling unprecedented absolute measurement ***,due to the periodicity of its pulse train,the comb suffers from measurement dead zones and ambiguities,thereby impeding its practical ***,we present a linear group delay spectral interferometer for achieving precise full-range distance *** employing a carefully designed linear group delay(LGD)device for phase modulation of the comb modes,interference can occur and be easily measured at any *** approach effectively eliminates the dead zones and ambiguities in comb-based ranging,without the need for cumbersome auxiliary scanning reference devices or reliance on complex high-repetition-rate combs or high-resolution *** conducted length metrology experiments using a mode-locked comb referenced to a rubidium clock,achieving a large nonambiguity range up to 0.3 m,covering the entire measurement *** maximum deviation compared to a laser interferometer was less than 1.5μm,and the minimum Allan deviation during long-term measurements reached 5.47 nm at a 500 s averaging *** approach ensures high accuracy while maintaining a simple structure,without relying on complex external devices,thereby propelling the practical implementation of comb-based length metrology.

关键词： interferometer metrology delay

A Two-Layer Encoding Learning Swarm Optimizer Based on Frequent Itemsets for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1342-1357页

作者： Sheng Qi Rui Wang tao zhang Xu Yang Ruiqing Sun Ling Wang College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Xiangjiang Laboratory Changsha 410205China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China IEEE

Traditional large-scale multi-objective optimization algorithms(LSMOEAs)encounter difficulties when dealing with sparse large-scale multi-objective optimization problems(SLM-OPs)where most decision variables are *** a result,many algorithms use a two-layer encoding approach to optimize binary variable Mask and real variable Dec ***,existing optimizers often focus on locating non-zero variable posi-tions to optimize the binary variables ***,approxi-mating the sparse distribution of real Pareto optimal solutions does not necessarily mean that the objective function is *** data mining,it is common to mine frequent itemsets appear-ing together in a dataset to reveal the correlation between *** by this,we propose a novel two-layer encoding learning swarm optimizer based on frequent itemsets(TELSO)to address these *** mined the frequent terms of multiple particles with better target values to find mask combinations that can obtain better objective values for fast ***-mental results on five real-world problems and eight benchmark sets demonstrate that TELSO outperforms existing state-of-the-art sparse large-scale multi-objective evolutionary algorithms(SLMOEAs)in terms of performance and convergence speed.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms learning swarm optimiza-tion sparse large-scale optimization sparse large-scale multi-objec-tive problems two-layer encoding.

Operando investigation of particle re-entrainment mechanism in electrostatic capture process on the lab-on-a-chip

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 337-347页

作者： Yong Zhu Yikun zhang Xiaoyong Yang Shanlong tao Mingxia Chen Wenfeng Shangguan Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Inhalable particle is a harmful air pollutant that causes a significant threat to people's health and ecological environments,which should be removed to purify air,but there exists limited removal efficiency due to particle ***,Operando observation system based on microscopic visualization method is developed to make in situ test of particle migration,deposition and re-entrainment characteristics on a lab-on-a-chip to achieve the investigation in micro-level *** deposition evolution of charged particles is recorded in electric field region intuitively,which confirms the fracture of particle chain occurs during the growth process of deposited *** captures the instantaneous process that a larger particle with micron size due to the coagulation of submicron particles fractures from main body of the particle chain for the first *** analysis of migration behavior of a single submicron particle near electrode surface demonstrates the direct influence of drag force on the fracture of particle *** work is the first-time visualization of dynamic process and mechanism elucidation of particle re-entrainment at the micron level,and the findings will provide the theory support for the particle re-entrainment mechanism and bring inspires of enhancing capture efficiency of inhalable particle.

关键词： Inhalable particle Re-entrainment mechanism Operando observation Lab-on-a-chip Capture efficiency