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The Prediction of Maximum Amplitudes of Solar Cycles and the Maximum Amplitude of Solar Cycle 2.

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chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2002年第6期2卷 557-562页

作者： Jia-Long Wang, Jian-Cun Gong, Si-Qing Liu, gui-ming Le and Jing-Lan Sun1 National {2. observatories, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1000122.center for space science and applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080 center for space {2. and applied research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080

We present a brief review of predictions of solar cycle maximum amplitude with a lead time of 2.years or more. It is pointed out that a precise prediction of the maximum amplitude with such a lead-time is still an open question despite progress made since the 1960s. A method of prediction using statistical characteristics of solar cycles is developed: the solar,cycles are divided into two groups, a high rising velocity (HRV) group and a low rising velocity (LRV) group, depending on the rising velocity in the ascending phase for a given duration of the ascending phase. The amplitude of Solar Cycle 2. can be predicted after the start of the cycle using the formula derived in this paper. Now, about 5 years before the start of the cycle, we can make a preliminary prediction of 83.2.119.4 for its maximum amplitude.

关键词： Sun : sunspots Sun : activity

The gravity wave instability induced by photochemistry in summer polar mesopause region

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chinese science Bulletin 2000年第3期45卷 267-272页

作者： center for space {2. and applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China Laboratory of Numeric Study of Heliospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China center for space {2. and applied research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Laboratory of Numeric Study of Heliospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The effect of diabatic process due to the photochemical heating and cooling on the gravity wave propagation in middle atmosphere is studied. A linear gravity wave model which considers the diabatic process is established. The unstable region and the growth rate of the gravity wave caused by photochemistry are calculated. And the comparison between the model and the adiabatic gravity wave theory of pure dynamics is made. The results indicate that the photochemical heating process can induce the instability of gravity wave at mesopause. The intensity of the instability becomes stronger as the temperature decreases. The temperature feature and the altitude characteristics of the instability are consistent with the observation. Therefore, the instability of the gravity wave induced by photochemistry may be an important mechanism in polar mesopause region in summer.

关键词： photochemistry instability gravity wave growth rate.

Nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and background winds

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第6期17卷 639-644页

作者： Liu Xiao1,2.and Xu Jiyao1(1. State Key Laboratory for space Weather, center for space science and applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, China) [a]State Key Laboratory for space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [b]Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Using the nonlinear propagating gravity waves (GW) model in the two-dimensional compressible atmosphere and the linear GW theory, the process of GW propagation in different background winds, e.g. the direction of the background wind is opposite to (dead wind) or the same as (tail wind) the direction of the horizontal phase velocity of GW, is studied. The results show that the dead wind prolongs the vertical wavelength and accelerates GW propagation. Therefore, GW propagates up to a higher height becomes instable in a short time and eventually induces an inverse jet flow. Then, the vertical wavelength is becoming short due to the nonlinear interactions between GW and the inverse jet flow. The vertical wavelength and group velocity decrease after GW propagates into the tail wind. The initial instable time is delayed. Although most of GW is trapped in the instable region, some of GW propagates above the instable region. Compared with GW propagation in the tail wind, the nonlinear interactions between GW and the dead wind are also strong. In contrast, the linear GW theory predicts that GW can propagate freely in the dead wind. The vertical wavelength simulated by the nonlinear numerical model is different from that predicted by the linear theory greatly after GW propagates into the dead wind.

关键词： gravity waves background winds vertical group velocity vertical wavelength nonlinear interactions.

Effects of gravity waves on the distributions of O_3 and OH in the mesopause region

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chinese science Bulletin 2001年第15期46卷 1265-1268页

作者： XU Jiyao & MA RuipingLaboratory for space Weather, center for space science and applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China Laboratory of Numeric Study of Heliospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China Laboratory for space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Laboratory of Numeric Study of Heliospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A dynamical-photochemical model of atmospheric gravity waves is used to study the influences of gravity waves on distributions of atmospheric minor species through transportation and photochemical reactions. We mainly study the effect of gravity waves on the distributions of atmospheric trace gases through the nonlinear photochemical reactions. O3 and OH are taken as examples in this note. The calculations indicate that the effect of gravity waves on the distributions of atmospheric trace gases is mainly through the nonlinear photochemical reactions in the mesopause region. The contribution of the nonlinear photochemical reaction caused by gravity waves can exceed the nonlinear transportation and the eddy diffusion.

关键词： gravity wave photochemical reaction coupling between photochemistry and dynamics.

Integrated precise orbit determination of Shenzhou IV unmanned spacecraft

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science China(Technological sciences) 2004年第5期47卷 518-525页

作者： L Congmin1,2. GU Yidong3, LIN Baojun3 & GUO Jiong3 1. center for space {2. and applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, China 3. General Establishment of space {2. and Application, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China Correspondence should be addressed to L Congmin 1. center for space {2. and applied research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. General Establishment of space science and Application Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China

Considering the characteristic orbit of Shenzhou IV spacecraft and the advantages and disadvantages of several types of domestic orbit measurements, a scheme of IPOD is determined, which uses GPS, SLR and USB observation data jointly plus precise ionosphere corrections to GPS observation data. IPOD system and mathematic models of OD are introduced. The results of different joint OD are analyzed using true observation data, and show that radial accuracy is better than 2.m.

关键词： Shenzhou IV unmanned spacecraft integrated precise orbit determination GPS SLR USB.

Observation results of relativistic electrons detected by Fengyun-1 satellite and analysis of relativistic electron enhancement (REE) events

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第12期51卷 1947-1956页

作者： YANG XiaoChao1,2. & WANG ShiJin1 1 center for space {2. and applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100190, China 2.Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China 1. center for space {2. and applied research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The space particle component detector on Fengyun-1 satellite which works at the sun-synchronous orbit of about 870 km altitude has detected relativistic electrons for a long time. In comparison with the SAMPEX satellite observations during 1999–2.04, the relativistic electron data from Fengyun-1 satellite from June 1999 to 2.05 are used to analyze the relativistic electron enhancement (REE) events at the low earth orbit, and the possible correlation among REE events at the low earth orbit, high-speed solar wind and geomagnetic storms is discussed. The statistical result presents that 45 REE events are found in total during this time period, and the strong REE events with the maximum daily average flux > 400 cm?2.srt-1·s?1 occur mostly during the transition period from solar maximum to solar minimum. Among these 45 REE events, four strong REE events last a longer time period from 2.-to 51-day and correlate closely with high speed solar wind and strong geomagnetic storms. Meanwhile, several strong geomagnetic storms occur continuously before these REE events, and these continuous geomagnetic storms would be an important factor causing these long-lasting strong REE events. The correlation analysis for overall 45 events indicates that the strength of the REE events correlates with the solar wind speed and the strength of the geomagnetic storm, and the correlation for strong REE events is much stronger than that for weak REE events.

关键词： relativistic electron enhancement low earth orbit high-speed solar wind geomagnetic storm

REVIEW OF MIDDLE AND UPPER ATMOSPHERIC research IN CHINA

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空间科学学报 1998年第S1期18卷 53-60页

作者： WANG Ying-jian(center for space {2. and applied Researeh,The chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080)

In past two years, the studies of planetary waves, gravity waves, photochemical processes and effects of solar and human activities in China have made encouraging progress. Some new instruments, e.g., VHF radar, sodium lidar,mesospheric microwave measurements and tilting filter photometer etc., have bring into operation, it enhances the observing ability to middle and upper atn1osphere greatly. In this paper main progress of the research in the upper stratosphere, mesosphere and lower thermosphere in China in the past two years is reviewed.

关键词： Middle and upper atmosphere Middle atmospheric dynamics Middle atmospheric photochemistry Atmospheric remote sensing

A CLASS OF TWO-STEP TVD MACCORMACK TYPE NUMERICAL SCHEME FOR MHD EQUATIONS

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空间科学学报 2003年第6期23卷 401-412页

作者： FENG Xueshang WEI Fengsi ZHONG Dingkun(center for space {2. and applied research, The chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080) center for space {2. and applied research The Chinese Academy of Sciences 北京 100080

In this paper, a new numerical scheme of Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) MacCormack type for MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) equations is proposed by taking into account of the characteristics such as convergence, stability, resolution. This new scheme is established by solving the MHD equations with a TVD modified MacCormack scheme for the purpose of developing a scheme of quick convergence as well as of TVD property. To show the validation, simplicity and practicability of the scheme for modelling MHD problems, a self-similar Cauchy problem with the discontinuous initial data consisting of constant states, and the collision of two fast MHD shocks, and two-dimensional Orszag and Tang's MHD vortex problem are discussed with the numerical results conforming to the existing results obtained by the Roe type TVD, the high-order Godunov scheme,and Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) scheme. The numerical tests show that this two-step TVD MacCormack numerical scheme for MHD system is of robust operation in the presence of very strong waves, thin shock fronts, thin contact and slip surface discontinuities.

关键词：磁液体力学方程两步TVD-MacCormack图解法收敛性稳定性数值模拟

The variation in the magnetic fluctuation anisotropy across the front boundaries of magnetic clouds and its geomagnetic response

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chinese science Bulletin 2002年第10期47卷 863-867页

作者： LIU Rui & WEI FengsiDepartment of Geophysics, Peking University, beijing 100871, China Lab for space Weather, {2. for space science and applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China Department of Geophysics Peking University Beijing China Lab for space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A statistical study of magnetic fluctuations near the front boundaries of magnetic clouds is approached with the method of Minimum Variance Analysis, based on the data of ImpS and Wind spacecraft. New discoveries are that (1) fluctuation anisotropy tends to increase across the front boundaries of magnetic clouds; (2. there is a good correlation between the fluctuation anisotropy and the geomagnetic activity indices; and (3) in some cases, although there is southward field component immediately after the front boundary, Kp index descends (or Dst index ascends) with a corresponding decrease of the fluctuation anisotropy; in other cases with no distinct southward field component, Kp index ascends (or Dst index descends) with a corresponding increase of the fluctuation anisotropy. Thus we suggest that the fluctuation anisotropy might be a useful indicator in diagnosing the magnetic activities of magnetic clouds.

关键词： front boundary of magnetic clouds geomagnetic activity fluctuation anisotropy.