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evolutionary mechanisms and practical significance of reproductive success and clonal diversity in unisexual vertebrate polyploids

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 449-459页

作者： Meng lu Li Zhou Jian-Fang gui State Key Laboratory of Freshwater ecology and Biotechnology Hubei Hongshan Laboratorythe Innovation Academy of Seed DesignInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Unisexual reproduction is generally relevant to polyploidy, and unisexual vertebrates are often considered an evolutionary “dead end” due to the accumulation of deleterious mutations and absence of genetic diversity. However, some unisexual polyploids have developed strategies to avoid genomic decay, and thus provide ideal models to unveil unexplored evolutionary mechanisms, from the reproductive success to clonal diversity creation. This article reviews the evolutionary mechanisms for overcoming meiotic barrier and generating genetic diversity in unisexual vertebrates, and summarizes recent research advancements in the polyploid Carassius complex. Gynogenetic gibel carp(Carassius gibelio) is a unique amphitriploid that has undergone a recurrent autotriploidy and has overcome the bottleneck of triploid sterility via gynogenesis. Recently, an efficient strategy in which ploidy changes, including from amphitriploid to amphitetraploid, then from amphitetraploid to novel amphitriploid, drive unisexual-sexual-unisexual reproduction transition and clonal diversity has been *** on this new discovery, multigenomic reconstruction biotechnology has been used to breed a novel strain with superior growth and stronger disease resistance. Moreover, a unique reproduction mode that combines both abilities of ameiotic oogenesis and sperm-egg fusion,termed as ameio-fusiongensis, has been discovered, and it provides an efficient approach to synthesize sterile allopolyploids. In order to avoid ecological risks upon escape and protect the sustainable property rights of the aquaculture seed industry, a controllable fertility biotechnology approach for precise breeding is being developed by integrating sterile allopolyploid synthesis and gene-editing *** review provides novel insights into the origin and evolution of unisexual vertebrates and into the attempts being made to exploit new breeding biotechnologies in aquaculture.

关键词： unisexual vertebrates polyploidy reproduction transition clonal diversity precise breeding genomic reconstruction controllable fertility

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Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Total Choosability of Planar Graphs with Maximum Degree at Least 10

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 211-224页

作者： Dong-han Zhang You lu Sheng-gui Zhang Li Zhang School of Mathematics and Statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129China School of Mathematics and Computer Application Shangluo UniversityShangluo726000China

A neighbor sum distinguishing(NSD)total coloringφof G is a proper total coloring of G such thatΣz∈eG(u)U{u}φ(z)≠Σz∈eG(v)U{v}φ(z)for each edge uv∈e(G),where eG(u)is the set of edges incident with a vertex *** 2015,Pilśniak and Wozniak conjectured that every graph with maximum degreeΔhas an NSD total(Δ+3)-***,Yang et *** that the conjecture holds for planar graphs withΔ≥10,and Qu et *** that the list version of the conjecture also holds for planar graphs withΔ≥*** this paper,we improve their results and prove that the list version of the conjecture holds for planar graphs withΔ≥10.

关键词： planar graphs neighbor sum distinguishing total choosibility combinatorial nullstellensatz discharging method

A commentary of“Prolonging the lifetime of logic qubits by Bosonic error-correcting code-realizing the break-even point of quantum error correction”:Top 10 Scientific Advances of 2023,China

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 706-707页

作者： gui-lu Long State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

At present,we are in the noisy-intermediate-scale-quantum era of quantum information science and technology[1],in which there are relatively large numbers of qubits with *** instance,the error rate of current superconducting qubits is orders of magnitude away from practical *** solve this problem,various methods have been used,such as holonomic quantum gate[2],dynamical decoupling[3],entanglement purification[4],and quantum error correction[5].

关键词： quantum correction error

Variational quantum algorithm for node embedding

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 845-850页

作者： Zeng-rong Zhou Hang Li gui-lu Long Research Center for Quantum Sensing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China Bejing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Quantum machine learning has made remarkable progress in many important ***,the gate complexity of the initial state preparation is seldom considered in lots of quantum machine learning algorithms,making them ***,we propose a quantum algorithm for the node embedding problem that maps a node graph's topological structure to embedding *** resulting quantum embedding state can be used as an input for other quantum machine learning *** O(log(N))qubits to store the information of N nodes,our algorithm will not lose quantum advantage for the subsequent quantum information ***,owing to the use of a parameterized quantum circuit with O(poly(log(N)))depth,the resulting state can serve as an efficient quantum *** addition,we explored the measurement complexity of the quantum node embedding algorithm,which is the main issue in training parameters,and extended the algorithm to capture high-order neighborhood information between ***,we experimentally demonstrated our algorithm on an nuclear magnetic resonance quantum processor to solve a graph model.

关键词： Quantum machine learning Quantum computation Node embedding Variational quantum algorithm Nuclear magnetic resonance

early results of the integrative epigenomic-transcriptomic landscape of colorectal adenoma and cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 414-435页

作者： You-Wang lu Zhao-Li Ding Rui Mao gui-Gang Zhao Yu-Qi He Xiao-lu Li Jiang Liu Department of Dermatology and Venereology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032Yunnan ProvinceChina Kunming Biological Diversity Regional Center of Large Apparatus and equipments Public Technical Service CenterKunming Institute of ZoologyKunming 650223Yunnan ProvinceChina School of Stomatology Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650500Yunnan ProvinceChina Genome Center of Biodiversity Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650223Yunnan ProvinceChina Department of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032Yunnan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Aberrant methylation is common during the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC),and detecting these changes that occur during early adenoma(ADe)formation and CRC progression has clinical *** To identify potential DNA methylation markers specific to ADe and *** Here,we performed SeqCap targeted bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq analysis of colorectal ADe and CRC samples to profile the epigenomic-transcriptomic *** Comparing 22 CRC and 25 ADe samples,global methylation was higher in the former,but both showed similar methylation patterns regarding differentially methylated gene positions,chromatin signatures,and repeated ***-grade CRC tended to exhibit elevated methylation levels in gene promoter regions compared to those in low-grade *** with RNA-seq gene expression data,we identified 14 methylation-regulated differentially expressed genes,of which only AGTR1 and NeCAB1 methylation had prognostic *** Our results suggest that genome-wide alterations in DNA methylation occur during the early stages of CRC and demonstrate the methylation signatures associated with colorectal ADes and CRC,suggesting prognostic biomarkers for CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer epigenomic alteration Transcriptome Methylation-regulated differentially expressed genes

A new scheme of fully stabilized soliton microcombs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 1-1页

作者： gui-lu Long Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

More stable frequency standard has been the focus of studies for a long time^([1,2]).Dissipative Kerr solitons(DKSs)in microresonators have attracted much interest for their potential in on-chip frequency standards^([1]).DKSs provide frequency combs characterized by high coherence,expansive bandwidth,and microwave-repetition rates.

关键词： soliton stabilized scheme

Suppressing noisy features with quantum filters for efficient encoded images with high signal to noise ratios

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 5-5页

作者： gui-lu Long Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences

Image processing is fundamental in computer vision and imaging research [1,2]. Most image processing algorithms rely on Fourier transform. It is well-known that quantum Fourier transform(QFT) offers exponential speedup compared to their classical counterpart and serves as a crucial component in quantum algorithms such as Shor's factoring algorithm [3] and the HHL algorithm [4] to realize exponential speedup.

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A Study of estimating the Safe Storage Life, Self-accelerating Decomposition Temperature and Critical Temperature of Thermal explosion of Double-base Propellant Using Isothermal and Non-isothermal Decomposition Behaviours

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2006年第5期17卷 667-670页

作者： Feng Qi ZHAO Hong Xu GAO Rong Zu HU gui e lu Jin Yong JIANG Xi＇ an Modem Chemistry Research Institute Xi＇ an 710065 Ordnance engineering Institute Shijiazhuang 050003

A method of estimating the safe storage life （τ）, self-accelerating decomposition temperature （TsADT） and critical temperature of thermal explosion （Tb） of double-base propellant using isothermal and non-isothermal decomposition behaviours is presented. For double-base propellant composed of 56±1wt% of nitrocellulose （NC）, 27±0.5wt% of nitroglycerine （NG）, 8.15±0.15wt% of dinitrotoluene （DNT）, 2.5±0.1wt% of methyl centralite, 5.0±0.15wt% of catalyst and 1.0±0.1wt% of other, the values of r of 49.4 years at 40℃, of TSAOT of 151.35℃ and of Tb of 163.01℃ were obtained.

关键词： Safe storage life self-accelerating decomposition temperature critical temperature of thermal explosion double-base propellant thermal accelerated aging test DSC kinetic parameters.

The landscape of epigenetic regulation and therapeutic application of N^(6)-methyladenosine modifications in non-coding RNAs

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 236-251页

作者： gui-e Xu Xuan Zhao Guoping Li Priyanka Gokulnath Lijun Wang Junjie Xiao Institute of Geriatrics(Shanghai University) Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)and School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityNantongJiangsu 226011China Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesShanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ RepairSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA

RNA N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)methylation is the most abundant and conserved RNA modification in *** participates in the regulation of RNA metabolism and various pathophysiological ***-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)are defined as small or long transcripts which do not encode proteins and display numerous biological regulatory *** to mRNAs,m^(6)A deposition is observed in *** RNA m^(6)A modifications on ncRNAs is of great importance specifically to deepen our understanding of their biological roles and clinical *** this review,we summarized the recent research findings regarding the mutual regulation between RNA m^(6)A modification and ncRNAs(with a specific focus on microRNAs,long non-coding RNAs,and circular RNAs)and their *** also discussed the challenges of m^(6)A-containing ncRNAs and RNA m^(6)A as therapeutic targets in human diseases and their future perspective in translational roles.

关键词： Circular RNA epigenetic regulation Long non-coding RNA MicroRNA Non-coding RNA RNA m^(6)A modification