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Association between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Microangiopathic Complications (Neuropathy and Nephropathy) in Subjects with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2023年第4期13卷 325-339页

作者： Nene Oumou Kesso Barry Soukeyna gueye Moustapha Djité Pape Matar Kandji Michel Assane Ndour El Hadj Malick Ndour Demba Diedhiou Fatou gueye-Tall Ndeye Mareme Thioune Najah Fatou Coly Dominique Doupa Maïmouna Ndour Mbaye Philomène Lopez Sall Papa Madieye gueye Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry University Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Biochemistry University Hospital Fann Dakar Senegal Department of Internal Medicine Abass Ndao Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Medical Biology Laboratory Diamniadio Children Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Medical Biochemistry Saint-Louis University Saint-Louis Senegal

This prospective case-control study aimed to assess the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia and explore its potential correlation with microangiopathic complications, specifically nephropathy and neuropathy, in a cohort of both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Conducted at the Marc Sankalé Center of Abass Ndao Hospital in Dakar from June to September 2018, the study enrolled a total of 106 diabetic patients, comprising 93 type 2 diabetics and 13 type 1 diabetics, who were matched with control subjects free from clinically detectable pathologies, based on sex and age ± 2 years. The mean age of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients was 24.46 ± 8.41 years and 57.28 ± 11.28 years, respectively. Our findings revealed a statistically significant elevation in mean homocysteine levels among patients when compared to controls (12.63 vs. 9.88;p < 0.0001). Hyperhomocysteinemia was observed in 24.5% of the patients, exclusively among those with type 2 diabetes. Within the hyperhomocysteinemia subgroup, 58% were male, and 42% were female. The analysis of neuropathy and nephropathy frequencies among type 2 diabetic patients, stratified by homocysteine concentrations, demonstrated a notably higher prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia compared to those with normohomocysteinemia (23.07% vs. 8.75%;p = 0.052). Similarly, diabetic neuropathy exhibited a significantly greater frequency in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia as opposed to normohomocysteinemia (80.76% vs. 50%;p = 0.005). Furthermore, our results established a significant positive correlation between homocysteine concentrations and both age (r = 0.402;p < 0.0001) and creatinine levels (r = 0.461;p < 0.0001). Bivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that patients with hyperhomocysteinemia faced 3 times and 6 times higher risks of developing neuropathy (OR = 3.5;p = 0.061) and diabetic nephropathy (OR = 6.092;p = 0.014), respectively.

关键词： Homocysteine Hyperhomocysteinemia Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes Nephropathy Neuropathy

Type 2 diabetes in a Senegalese rural area

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第7期8卷 351-357页

作者： Priscilla Duboz Gilles Boetsch Lamine gueye Enguerran Macia UMI 3189 Environnement Santé Sociétés CNRS/Université Cheikh Anta Diop/Université Gaston Berger/USTTB/CNRST International Human-Environment Observatory Tessekere Faculté de Médecine de Dakar Université Cheikh Anta Diop UMI 3189 Environnement Santé Sociétés CNRS/Université Cheikh Anta Diop/Université Gaston Berger/USTTB/CNRST Faculté de Médecine de Dakar Université Cheikh Anta Diop

AIM To estimate the prevalence of diabetes in the rural population of Tessekere(Senegal) and investigate associated risk factors. METHODS Data from a 2015 survey of 500 individuals age 20 and over representative of the population of the municipality of Tessekere were used. Sociodemographic characteristics, health related variables, capillary whole blood glucose, and weight and height measurements of individuals were collected during face-to-face interviews. Statistical analyses used were bivariate tests and binary logistic *** The percentage of individuals having impaired fasting glucose(IFG) is 6.6%. Those with fasting blood glucose(FBG) levels ≥ 126 mg/dL and/or currently being treated for diabetes is 4.2%. Only mean body mass index(BMI) is significantly higher among diabetic individuals and among those having FBG levels ≥ 110 mg/dL. After adjustment for sex, age, educational level, BMI and hypertension, only BMIis associated with diabetes. CONCLUSION Prevalence of diabetes and IFG in our study correspond to the high range of rural sub-Saharan Africa prevalence. Diabetes is thus becoming a pressing public health concern, even in rural areas. But the risk factors identified in Tessekere suggest that the diabetes epidemic is still in the early stages, such that concerted action would make it possible to contain the devastating impact of this chronic condition.

关键词： Anthropology Epidemiology Sub-Saharan Africa Diabetes

V2G中基于PUF的保护隐私的密钥交换认证协议

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V2G中基于PUF的保护隐私的密钥交换认证协议

作者：塔拉（TALLA gueye）华北电力大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

在过去十年中,电动汽车（EV）已经渐渐取代传统的汽油汽车。电动汽车不仅环保,而且与智能电网结合使用时,开辟了新的可能性,实现了车辆与智能电网生态系统,通常称为车辆到电网（V2G）。这不仅鼓励转向环保型电动汽车/插电式混合动力电... 详细信息

在过去十年中,电动汽车（EV）已经渐渐取代传统的汽油汽车。电动汽车不仅环保,而且与智能电网结合使用时,开辟了新的可能性,实现了车辆与智能电网生态系统,通常称为车辆到电网（V2G）。这不仅鼓励转向环保型电动汽车/插电式混合动力电动汽车（PHEV）,而且还积极支持电网负载管理,并且对于涉及此类生态系统的整体而言实体是新的,可提供经济效益。尽管如此,隐私和安全的保护仍然是智能电网面临的严重问题。V2G使用的设备种类小、价格便宜、资源有限,容易受到多重攻击。为V2G系统设计的协议必须安全、轻便,并保护车主的隐私。物理安全也很重要,因为电动汽车和充电站（CS）通常不受人类保护。为了解决这些问题,我们为V2G系统提出了一种基于物理不可克隆（PUF）的用户密钥交换认证（SUKA）协议。所提出的协议使用PUF在EV和网络服务器之间实现两步相互认证,且满足轻便、安全且保护隐私的功能。仿真表明,与其他先进的V2G认证协议相比,我们提出的协议具有更好的性能并提供更多的安全特性。通过形式化的安全模型和分析证明了该协议的安全性。

关键词： V2G 密码学密钥交换物理不可克隆

Comparison of Two Molecular Diagnostic Tests for COVID-19: Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 and Allplex™2019-nCoV, in the Epidemic Context in Senegal

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2023年第1期13卷 46-56页

作者： Babacar Faye Oulimata gueye Doudou Georges Massar Niang Babacar Mbengue Alioune Dièye Laboratory of Molecular Biology Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal AIDS Program of the Senegalese Armed Forces Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal Service of Molecular Biology Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Service of Immunology Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: The persistence of the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is linked to the appearance of several variants of SARS-CoV2 with an impact on biological diagnosis, treatment and vaccination. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted several SARS-CoV-2 detection tests Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for diagnosis and better epidemiological surveillance. Thus, multiple RT-PCR tests have been developed and brought to market in order to meet the urgent need for the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, comparative data between these tests in clinical laboratories are scarcely available to assess their performance. Objective: To compare two molecular methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2: the RT-PCR, Allplex™2019-nCoV tests on CFX96 Bio-Rad and the Abbott m2000sp/rt RealTime SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods: Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were taken from patients to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection. For each sample, we searched for the virus with two different RT-PCR tests: 1) first on Abbott m2000 SARS-CoV-2 targeting the N and RdRp genes, 2) then on Allplex™2019-nCoV Assay looking for the E, N and RdRp genes. Results: Percentages of the agreement were calculated. A total of 100 samples that tested negative and 90 positives on Abbott m2000 SARS-CoV-2 were retested on Allplex™2019-nCoV. Overall agreement was 74.74% on all samples. The specific agreement was 84% and 64.4% respectively for negative and positive samples with the RealTime SARS-CoV-2 test. A positive correlation (r2 = 0.63;p Conclusion: Our results showed good overall agreement between RT-PCR, Allplex™2019-nCoV and Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 tests in the diagnosis of COVID-19. As the concordance is low for small viremias, the RT-PCR Allplex™2019-nCoV Assay would be better indicated during the acute and symptomatic phase of the disease.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Diagnostics RT-PCR Abbott RealTime Seegene-Allplex

Hardware Security for IoT in the Quantum Era: Survey and Challenges

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Journal of Information Security 2023年第4期14卷 227-249页

作者： Doudou Dione Boly Seck Idy Diop Pierre-Louis Cayrel Demba Faye Ibrahima gueye IT Engineering Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become a reality: Healthcare, smart cities, intelligent manufacturing, e-agriculture, real-time traffic controls, environment monitoring, camera security systems, etc. are developing services that rely on an IoT infrastructure. Thus, ensuring the security of devices during operation and information exchange becomes a fundamental requirement inherent in providing safe and reliable IoT services. NIST requires hardware implementations that are protected against SCAs for the lightweight cryptography standardization process. These attacks are powerful and non-invasive and rely on observing the physical properties of IoT hardware devices to obtain secret information. In this paper, we present a survey of research on hardware security for the IoT. In addition, the challenges of IoT in the quantum era with the first results of the NIST standardization process for post-quantum cryptography are discussed.

关键词： IoT Hardware Security Side-Channel Attacks Post-Quantum Cryptography NIST

Evaluation of Mineral Elements Content of Senegal Fruits

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 163-173页

作者： Rokhaya Sylla gueye Jérôme Ledauphin Fabienne Baraud Lydia Leleyter Mélanie Lemoine Rokhaya gueye Adama Diedhiou Mamadou Balde Nango Gaye Matar Seck Djibril Fall Alassane Wele Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Minérale Organique et Thérapeutique Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal Unité de Recherche “Aliments Bioprocédés Toxicologie Environnement” Université de Caen Normandie Caen France Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal

This study determined mineral value and antioxidant activity of Senegal fruits for contributing to improving healthy diet and preventing some chronic diseases. Mineral element contents of Dialium guineense, Landolphia heudelotti, Mangifera indica, Cyperus esculentus and Saba senegalensis, which are widely available and consumed, were studied. The results by ICP-OES spectrophotometry after acid mineralization showed highest levels of (per 100 g fruits), calcium (158 mg), potassium (1018 mg), magnesium (532 mg), zinc (26 mg) with juice of Landolphia heudelotti fruit pulp. Mangifera indica pulp is richer in sodium (89 mg), phosphorus (556 mg), sulphur (384 mg) and silicon (110 mg). Dialium senegalensis pulp is richer in iron (23 mg) and manganese (19 mg). Lyophilized Cyperus esculentus rhizomes analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry gave highest concentrations of (per 100 g fruits), calcium (2550 mg), potassium (11,843 mg) and magnesium (7669 mg) but sodium content (22 mg) is lower. In vitro antioxidant activity evaluation with the DPPH radical showed for 10 mg/ml concentration, highest inhibition percentage for Saba senegalensis 4.03%, followed by Landolphia heudelotti and Dialium guineense, which were significantly similar 2.29% and 2.20% respectively, Mangifera indica 1.7% and finally Cyperus esculentus 0.5%, but much lower compared to the ascorbic acid equal to 96.32% used as a reference.

关键词： Fruits Senegal Mineral Elements Antioxidant Activity

Solar Controller with Automatic Search Technology for the Maximum Power Point with Autonomy Display

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第9期14卷 509-522页

作者： Mamadou Sall Ousmane Sow Sega gueye Gora Diop Lemrabott Habiboullah Mamadou Wade Gregoire Sissoko Ecole Polytechnique de Thiè s Thi&egrave s S&eacute né gal Institut Universitaire de Technologie. Université Iba Der THIAM de Thi&egrave s S&eacute né gal Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER) Dakar S&eacute né gal Ecole Supérieure Multinationale de Té lé communication Dakar S&eacute né gal

In our work, we have been interested in conducting technological research on the use of photovoltaic energy for lighting. In fact, we have produced a stand-alone photovoltaic system with automatic search for the maximum power point, consisting of a photovoltaic module, a solar regulator, a storage battery and a digital control by microcontroller. The solar field is connected to the input of the regulator and the battery to its output. When the battery voltage is lower than the regulation voltage, the controller operates the photovoltaic generator at maximum power Pmpp and transfers this power to the output. In addition to the protection function, this regulator ensures tracking of the maximum power point (MPPT) and allows the photovoltaic generator to deliver its power whatever the variation of climatic conditions (sunshine and temperature). The main role of the solar regulator is the continuous monitoring of the state of charge of the battery to ensure its protection against overcharging and excessive discharging, the coupling and decoupling of the user as well as its maintenance. The principle of operation is based on controlling a DC-DC converter by a rectangular “PWM” signal generated by a PIC16F874 microcontroller which also controls the entire system. The results of simulation after realization were presented to illustrate the operation of the regulator by curves.

关键词： Index Terms-Battery Charge/Discharge Regulator PIC16FC874

Factors associated with mortality in congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract in a tertiary center in Senegal

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第1期6卷 24-29页

作者： Tshibwid A Zeng Papa Alassane Mbaye Doudou gueye Ndèye Fatou Seck Ibrahima Bocar Wellé Rosalie Niang Youssouph Diedhiou Mbaye Fall Ndèye Aby Ndoye Aloïse Sagna Oumar Ndour Gabriel Ngom Department of Pediatric Surgery Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital CenterUniversitéCheikh Anta Diop Facultéde Medecine Pharmacie d'Odonto-StomatologieDakarSenegal Department of Pediatric Surgery Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching HospitalUniversitéCheikh Anta Diop Facultéde Medecine Pharmacie d'Odonto-StomatologieDakarSenegal

Objective Patients with congenital malformations(CMs)of the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)have a very high ***,the literature on the factors associated with mortality in these patients is scarce in sub-Saharan *** aim of this study is to identify independent risk factors for mortality in patients with CMs of the GIT at our pediatric surgical *** We conducted a retrospective analysis of cases with CMs of the GIT managed at a tertiary center from 2018 to *** were subdivided into two groups based on the outcomes,and variables with a significant difference were analyzed by logistic *** Our review included 226 patients,63 of whom died(27.88%).Patient age ranged from 0 to 15 *** into account statistical significance,mortality was more frequent in neonates than in older patients(57.30%vs 6.15%),in patients coming out of the Dakar area than in those from the Dakar area(43.75%vs 19.18%),in patients with abnormal prenatal ultrasound than in those with normal ultrasound(100%vs 26.67%),in premature children than in those born at term(78.57%vs 21.87%),in patients with an additional malformation than in those with an isolated malformation(69.23%vs 25.35%),and in those with intestinal,esophageal,duodenal and colonic atresia than in those with other diagnoses(100%,89%,56.25%and 50%,respectively).Referred patients died more than those who changed hospitals or came from home(55.29%vs 25%and 9.09%,respectively).On multivariable logistic regression,two independent factors of mortality were identified:presence of associated malformation[odds ratio(OR)=13.299;95%Confidence interval(CI)1.370 to 129.137]and diagnosis of esophageal atresia(OR=46.529;95%CI 5.828 to 371.425).Conclusion The presence of an associated malformation or diagnosis of esophageal atresia increases mortality in patients with CMs of the GIT in our environment.

关键词： mortality diagnosis congenital

Comparative Study of Available Solar Potential for Six Stations of Sahel

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2023年第8期14卷 153-167页

作者： Serigne Abdoul Aziz Niang Ahmed gueye Astou Sarr Dialo Diop Saka Goni Bado Nebon FST Département de Physique Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Département de Génie Industriel et Maintenance Université Polytechnique de Mongo Mongo Tchad Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Sahel is an African area with high solar potential. However, this potential is not uniform across the region. This paper examines the spatial distribution of the available solar potential by using six stations across the Sahel area. This comparative study was based on the analysis of in situ measurements in Dakar in Senegal, Niamey in Niger, Ouagadougou, Gaoua, Dori in Burkina Faso and N’Djamena in Chad. The results showed the presence of a good global solar potential with an average value of about 5.43 kWh/m2/day. The maxima of global potential are noted in the northern part in Niamey with a value of 6.24 kWh/m2/day while the minima are recorded in the south-eastern part in N’Djamena with an irradiation close to 4.71 kWh/m2/day. Then, the monthly evolution of this potential shows similar trends for all stations. Indeed, two maximums are observed during the year in Spring (March) and Autumn (October). However, for most of these stations, the minima of global potential are recorded in Winter (November, February) and during the rainy season (July, October). Moreover, the direct normal potential also shows seasonal trends for the two stations (Dakar, Niamey) where it was measured. The maxima of direct normal irradiation (DNI) are observed between February and May with a value of 5.5 kWh/m2/day in Dakar and in Niamey with a value around 5.32 kWh/m2/day between February and November.

关键词： Solar Potential Pyranometer Sahel Comparative Study Sunlight Analysis