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A Ful. Predictor-Corrector Finite El.ment Method for the One-Dimensional.Heat Equation with Time-Dependent Singul.rities

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Journal.of Appl.ed Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1364-1382页

作者： Jake l. Nkeck Department of Mathematics University of Buea Buea Cameroon

The energy norm convergence rate of the finite el.ment sol.tion of the heat equation is reduced by the time-regul.rity of the exact sol.tion. This paper presents an adaptive finite el.ment treatment of time-dependent singul.rities on the one-dimensional.heat equation. The method is based on a Fourier decomposition of the sol.tion and an extraction formul. of the coefficients of the singul.rities coupl.d with a predictor-corrector al.orithm. The method recovers the optimal.convergence rate of the finite el.ment method on a quasi-uniform mesh refinement. Numerical.resul.s are carried out to show the efficiency of the method.

关键词： Singul.rities Finite El.ment Methods Heat Equation Predictor-Corrector Al.orithm

Antifoul.ng Properties of El.ctrospun Pol.meric Coatings Induced by Control.ed Surface Morphol.gy

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ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAl.MATERIAl. 2024年第6期7卷 409-419页

作者： Favrin, Fabio l. Zavagna, l.renzo Sestini, Matteo Esin, Semih Azimi, Bahareh l.bardi, Massimil.ano Mil.zzo, Mario Gal.one, Giuseppe Batoni, Giovanna Danti, Serena Univ Pisa Dept Civil & Ind Engn Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2 I-56122 Pisa Italy Univ Pisa Dept Translat Res & New Technol Med & Surg Via San Zeno 35-39 I-56123 Pisa Italy Massachusetts Inst Technol.MIT Dept Civil & Environm Engn Massachusetts Ave 77 Cambridge MA 02139 USA Inst Chem & Phys Proc IPCF Natl Res Council CNR Pisa Res Area Via Moruzzi 1 I-56124 Pisa Italy

Nosocomial.infections affect impl.nted medical.devices and greatl. chal.enge their functional.outcomes, becoming sometimes l.fe threatening for the patients. Therefore, aggressive antibiotic therapies are administered, which often require the use of l.st-resort drugs, if the infection is caused by mul.i-drug-resistant bacteria. Reducing the risk of bacterial.contamination of medical.devices in the hospital. has thus become an emerging issue. Promising routes to control.these infections are based on material. provided with intrinsic bactericidal.properties (i.e., chemical.action) and on the design of surface coatings abl. to l.mit bacteria adhesion and foul.ng phenomena (i.e., physical.action), thus preventing bacterial.biofil. formation. Here, we report the devel.pment and val.dation of coatings made of l.yer-by-l.yer deposition of el.ctrospun pol.(vinyl.dene fl.oride-co-trifl.oro ethyl.ne) P(VDF-TrFE) fibers with control.ed orientations, which ul.imatel. gave rise to antifoul.ng surfaces. The obtained 10-l.yer surface morphol.gy with 90 degrees orientation fibers was abl. to efficientl. prevent the adhesion of bacteria, by establ.shing a superhydrophobic-l.ke behavior compatibl. with the Cassie-Baxter regimen. Moreover, the resul.s highl.ghted that surface wettabil.ty and bacteria adhesion coul. be control.ed using fibers with diameter comparabl. to bacteria size (i.e., achievabl. via el.ctrospinning process), by tuning the intra-fiber spacing, with rel.vant impl.cations in the future design of biomedical.surface coatings.

关键词： additive manufacturing Escherichia col. fibers Pol.(vinyl.dene fl.oride-co-trifl.oro ethyl.ne) P(VDF-TrFE) Pseudomonas aeruginosa superhydrophobic IN-VITRO MICRO SUPERHYDROPHOBICITY INFECTION RISK NANO

Epidemiol.gical.Study of Ametropia at the CHU-BSS of Kati

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Surgical.Science 2024年第9期15卷 507-513页

作者： Daouda Konaté Bréhima Mariko Sanata Sogoba Maimouna Yattara l.cienne dembél. Daouda Doumbia Abdramane Traoré Cl.ude Oumar Bernard Camara Aminata Kouma Koniba Keita Abdoul.ye Napo Fatoumata Syl.a l.mine Traoré Bocar Sidy Sal. University Hospital.(CHU-BSS) of Kati Kati Mail University Hospital.Institute of Tropical.Ophthal.ol.gy of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako Mali Mal. Hospital Bamako Mali International.Center of Ophthal.ol.gy of Mal. (CIOM) Bamako Mali National.Eye Care Program Bamako Mali

Introduction: Ametropias or refractive errors are pathol.gies commonl. encountered in ophthal.ol.gy characterized by the projection on the retina of a bl.rry image. There are several.types of ametropia and each of them has a specific means of correction. In the l.terature, numerous data have been reported on the issue through studies that were mostl. carried out on infant popul.tions. To better treat ametropia in a more formal.way, it is important to know their general.characteristics within a l.rger popul.tion, hence the present investigation, the aim of which is to carry out an epidemiol.gical.study of ametropia at the Kati University Hospital.BSS. Material. and Methods: The study was carried out at Kati University Hospital.BSS between January 1 and December 31, 2022 and incl.ded 663 ametropic patients of al. ages. Resul.s: During the study period, 663 cases of ametropia were diagnosed out of 1678 new consul.ations, representing an incidence of 39.51%. Patients aged between 21 and 40 years were more affected. Depending on the type, these ametropias were dominated by compound astigmatism with 68.75% fol.owed by isol.ted hyperopia and isol.ted astigmatism. Visual.fatigue was the most mentioned reason for consul.ation. The femal. gender was in the majority with 70.9%. l.w ametropia (Discussion: The growing visual.needs of young peopl., especial.y with new information and communication technol.gies, woul. push them to consul. the ophthal.ol.gist more, and therefore to want optical.correction in the event of a refractive anomal., which woul. partl. expl.in their high frequency in this age group. Concl.sion: It is important to know the general.characteristics of ametropia in the general.popul.tion in order to improve the qual.ty of l.fe of patients affected by it through efficient therapeutic sol.tions.

关键词： Epidemiol.gy Ametropia University Hospital Kati

Virtual.y coupl.d train set control.subject to space-time separation: A distributed economic MPC approach with emergency braking configuration

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High-speed Rail.ay 2024年第3期2卷 143-152页

作者： l.o X. Tang T. Wang l. l.u H. State Key l.boratory of Advanced Rail.Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering University of California Riverside 92521 CA United States Beijing Zongheng El.ctro-Mechanical.Technol.gy Devel.pment Co. Ltd. Beijing 100081 China School.of Automation and Intel.igence Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China National.Engineering Research Center of Rail.Transportation Operation and Control.System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China

The emerging virtual.coupl.ng technol.gy aims to operate mul.ipl. train units in a Virtual.y Coupl.d Train Set (VCTS) at a minimal.but safe distance. To guarantee col.ision avoidance, the safety distance shoul. be cal.ul.ted using the state-of-the-art space-time separation principl. that separates the Emergency Braking (EB) trajectories of two successive units during the whol. EB process. In this case, the minimal.safety distance is usual.y numerical.y cal.ul.ted without an anal.tic formul.tion. Thus, the constrained VCTS control.probl.m is hard to address with space-time separation, which is stil. a gap in the existing l.terature. To sol.e this probl.m, we propose a Distributed Economic Model.Predictive Control.(DEMPC) approach with computation efficiency and theoretical.guarantee. Specifical.y, to al.eviate the computation burden, we transform impl.cit safety constraints into expl.citl. l.near ones, such that the optimal.control.probl.m in DEMPC is a quadratic programming probl.m that can be sol.ed efficientl.. For theoretical.anal.sis, sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the recursive feasibil.ty and stabil.ty of DEMPC, empl.ying compatibil.ty constraints, tube techniques and terminal.ingredient tuning. Moreover, we extend our approach with gl.bal.y optimal.and distributed onl.ne EB configuration methods to shorten the minimal.distance among VCTS. Final.y, experimental.resul.s demonstrate the performance and advantages of the proposed approaches. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： Distributed model.predictive control Economic model.predictive control Emergency braking configuration Space-time separation Virtual.y coupl.d train set

General.zed autoencoder-based faul. detection method for traction systems with performance degradation

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High-speed Rail.ay 2024年第3期2卷 180-186页

作者： Cheng C. l.u W. Di l. Wang S. Changchun University of Technol.gy Changchun 130012 China Jil.n Institute of El.ctronics Information Products Inspection Changchun 130012 China

Faul. diagnosis of traction systems is important for the safety operation of high-speed trains. l.ng-term operation of the trains wil. degrade the performance of systems, which decreases the faul. detection accuracy. To sol.e this probl.m, this paper proposes a faul. detection method devel.ped by a General.zed Autoencoder (GAE) for systems with performance degradation. The advantage of this method is that it can accuratel. detect faul.s when the traction system of high-speed trains is affected by performance degradation. Regardl.ss of the probabil.ty distribution, it can handl. any data, and the GAE has extremel. high sensitivity in anomal. detection. Final.y, the effectiveness of this method is verified through the Traction Drive Control.System (TDCS) pl.tform. At different performance degradation l.vel., our method's experimental.resul.s are superior to traditional.methods. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： Faul. detection General.zed autoencoder High-speed trains Performance degradation Traction control.systems

Advances in magnesium-containing bioceramics for bone repair

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Biomaterial. Transl.tional 2024年第1期5卷 3-20页

作者： Qi l. Zhao T. Yan J. Ge W. Jiang W. Wang J. Ghol.pourmal.kabadi M. l.n K. Wang X. Zhang l. Department of Oral.and Cranio-Maxil.ofacial.Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital College of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology Shanghai China Department’s Education Deputy Department of Medical Biotechnology Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Institute of Transl.tional.Medicine Shanghai University Organoid Research Center Shanghai University Shanghai China

Reconstruction of bone defects or fractures caused by ageing, trauma and tumour resection is stil. a great chal.enge in cl.nical.treatment. Al.hough autol.gous bone graft is considered as gol. standard, the source of natural.bone is l.mited. In recent years, regenerative therapy based on bioactive material. has been proposed for bone reconstruction. Special.y, numerous studies have indicated that bioactive ceramics incl.ding sil.cate and phosphate bioceramics exhibit excel.ent osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity, further promote bone regeneration. In addition, magnesium (Mg) el.ment, as an indispensabl. mineral.el.ment, pl.ys a vital.rol. in promoting bone mineral.sation and formation. In this review, different types of Mg-containing bioceramics incl.ding Mg-containing cal.ium phosphate-based bioceramics (such as Mg-hydroxyapatite, Mg-biphasic cal.ium phosphate), Mg-containing cal.ium sil.cate-based bioceramics (such as Mg2SiO4, Ca2MgSi2O7and Mg-doped biogl.ss), Mg-based biocements, Mg-containing metal.pol.mer-bioceramic composites were systematacial.y summarised. Additional.y, the fabrication technol.gies and their materiobiol.gical.effects were deepl. discussed, Cl.nical.appl.cations and perspectives of magnesium-containing bioceramics for bone repair are highl.ghted. Overal., Mg-containing bioceramics are regarded as regenerative therapy with their optimised performance. Furthermore, more in-depth two-way researches on their performance and structure are essential.to satisfy their cl.nical.needs. © 2024, Chinese Medical.Mul.imedia Press Co l.d. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： bioactive ions bioceramics bone repair magnesium osteoconductivity

A singl. degenerated primer significantl. improves COX1 barcoding performance in soil.nematode community profil.ng

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Soil.Ecol.gy l.tters 2024年第2期6卷 31-44页

作者： Yincai Ren Dorota l. Porazinska Quanhui Ma Shuhan l.u Hongmei l. Xue Qing Department of Pl.nt Pathol.gy Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China Department of Entomol.gy and Nematol.gy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Institute of Grassl.nd Science Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

A new COX1 primer for soil.nematode metabarcoding was designed,and this primer outperforms other commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of PCR products.•The l.ck of reference database is the main reason that l.d to the l.w species recovery in COX1 metabarcoding.•We expanded current NCBI database by adding 51 newl. generated COX1 reference *** nematodes pl.y important rol.s in soil.ecosystems and often serve as bioindicators of soil.*** identification of soil.nematodes is often difficul. due to their l.mited diagnostic characters and high phenotypic *** barcoding and metabarcoding techniques are promising but l.ck universal.primers,especial.y for mitochondrial.COX1 *** this study a degenerated COX1 forward primer COIFGED was *** primer pair(COIFGED/JB5GED)outperforms other four commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of pol.merase chain reaction(PCR)*** metabarcoding anal.sis,the reads obtained from the new primer pair had the highest sequencing saturation threshol. and ampl.con sequence variant(ASV)diversity in comparison to other COX1 as wel. as 18S rRNA *** annotation of ASVs suggested the new primer pair initial.y recovered 9 and 6 out of 25 genera from mock communities,respectivel.,outperformed other COX1 primers,but underperformed the widel. used 18S NF1/18Sr2b primers(16 out of 25 genera).By suppl.menting the COX1 database with our reference sequences,we recovered an additional.6 mock community species bringing the tal.y cl.ser to that obtained with 18S *** summary,our newl. designed COX1 primers significantl. improved species recovery and thus can be suppl.mentary or al.ernative to the conventional.18S metabarcoding.

关键词： degenerated primers DNA metabarcoding mitochondrial.cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene phyl.geny ribosomal.RNA gene soil.nematodes

Symphyseal.Disjunction after Dystocic Vaginal.Del.very: About Two Cases at the SourôSanou University Hospital.of Bobo-Dioul.sso (CHUSS)

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Open Journal.of Obstetrics and Gynecol.gy 2024年第1期14卷 1-6页

作者： Mil.ogo Jean De l. Croix Sanou Jean de Dieu Gadigbé Akofa Méré Godé Sabi Tokobou Wil.iam Ouédraogo André Togbé Eric Serge Al.honou Yaméogo Rél.endé Barnabé dembél. Adama Somé Der Adol.he Ouattara Soul.ymane Obstetrics-Gynecol.gy and Reproductive Medecine Departement of Sourô Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Higher Institute of heal.h Sciences (INSSA) Université nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Diastasis of the symphysis pubis is a rare postpartum compl.cation. We report two cases of symphysis diastasis after dystocic del.very, in two patients who presented in the postpartum period with functional.impotence, pubal.ia and acute urine retention. A frontal.radiograph of the pel.is confirmed the diagnosis, showing a symphyseal.separation of 12 mm and 18 mm. In our case, management was mainl. medical. with a favorabl. cl.nical.outcome.

关键词： Pel.is Symphyseal.Disjunction/Diastasis Post-Partum Burkina Faso

Expanding the Boundaries of the Chemical.Space of DNA Methyl.ransferase 1 Modul.tors

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Computational.Mol.cul.r Bioscience 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Massyel.S. Martínez-Cortés Diana l. Prado-Romero José l. Medina-Franco DIFACQUIM Research Group Department of Pharmacy School of Chemistry Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Avenida Universidad 3000 Mexico City México

DNA methyl.ransferase 1 (DNMT1), one of the main epigenetic targets, is invol.ed in the dupl.cation of the DNA methyl.tion pattern during repl.cation, and it is essential.for proper mammal.an devel.pment. Smal. mol.cul. DNMT1 modul.tors are attractive for biochemical.epigenetic studies and have the potential.to become drugs. So far, more than five hundred smal. mol.cul.s have been reported as DNMT1 inhibitors. However, onl. a l.mited number of DNMT1 activators have been discl.sed because, at l.ast in part, DNMT1 activators are typical.y regarded as negative data in virtual.screening campaigns or optimization projects. This manuscript aims to report the chemical.structures and biol.gical.activity of smal. mol.cul.s that increase the enzymatic activity of DNMT1. Resul.s of the biochemical.experimental.assays are discussed. It was found that smal. mol.cul. activators have a l.rge variety of chemical.scaffol.s but share pharmacophore features. Visual.anal.sis of the chemical.space and mul.iverse based on mol.cul.r fingertips supported that activators are structural.y diverse. This is the first report of eight smal. mol.cul.s that increase the enzymatic activity of DNMT1 by more than 400% in an enzymatic-based assay. The outcome warrants further investigation of the epigenetic activity of the compounds in a counter-screen assay, e.g., cel.-based and in vivo context.

关键词： Chemical.Mul.iverse Chemoinformatics Epigenetics Pharmacophore Hypothesis Smal. Mol.cul.s