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Impact of short-term organic amendments incorporation on soil structure and hydrology in semiarid agricultural lands

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 457-469页

作者： Li Dong Wentong Zhang Yunwu Xiong Jiaye Zou Quanzhong huang Xu Xu Ping Ren guanhua huang Center for Agricultural Water Research in China College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083PR China Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083PR China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081PR China

Soil structure plays an important role in edaphic conditions and the environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of organic amendment on soil structure and hydraulic properties. A corn field in a semiarid land was separately amended with sheep manure compost at five different rates (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t/ha) and corn stover (6 t/ha) in combination with two decomposing agents. The soil structure of different amended soils was analyzed from the aggregate and pore domain perspectives. The internal pore structure of the soil was visualized through X-ray computed tomography and quantified using a pore-network model. Soil aggregate-size distribution and stability, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water-retention curves were measured by sampling or in situ. The gas permeability and diffusivity of different amended soils were simulated based on the extracted pore networks. The aggregate stability of the amended soils was improved compared with the control, that is, the mean weight diameter increased and the percentage of aggregate destruction decreased. The stability of soil aggregates varied non-monotonically with the application rate of compost and decreased after treatment with corn stover and decomposing agents. The pore-network parameters including air-filled porosity, pore radius, throat length, and coordinate number increased for the amended soils compared with the control. The mean pore size increased with increasing compost incorporation rate. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of the compost-amended soils was higher than that of the control but varied quadratically with the application rate. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil treated with corn stover and decomposing agents was clearly higher than that without the agent and the control. The greater gas diffusivity and air permeability indicate that soil aeration improved following the incorporation of organic amendments. The air permeability versus air-filled porosity relationship followed a power law, and the gas diffusivity versus ai

关键词： Soil structure Soil aggregate Organic amendment Hydraulic conductivity Pore-network

程序性知识视觉表征与用户类型对用户信息检索体验的影响

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包装工程 2024年第6期45卷 395-406页

作者：黄蕙侯冠华绵阳城市学院四川绵阳621000 宁波大学潘天寿建筑与艺术设计学院浙江宁波315000

目的高校图书馆数据库是获取信息资源的重要渠道,已有研究关注了界面系统的美学体验,忽视了视觉信息表征的逻辑性与可理解性,导致用户信息检索效率低的问题。方法采用控制实验方法,探究程序性知识视觉表征和用户类型对高校图书馆数据库... 详细信息

目的高校图书馆数据库是获取信息资源的重要渠道,已有研究关注了界面系统的美学体验,忽视了视觉信息表征的逻辑性与可理解性,导致用户信息检索效率低的问题。方法采用控制实验方法,探究程序性知识视觉表征和用户类型对高校图书馆数据库用户信息检索体验和认知负荷的影响。结果程序性知识视觉表征对信息检索体验和认知负荷均有显著影响,并且用户类型与程序性知识视觉表征对可用性和认知负荷具有交互作用。新手用户在使用下拉的视觉表征时信息检索体验最高,老手用户更适合使用组合的视觉表征方式。结论通过提升用户在数据库中的信息检索体验,可以为检索界面设计提供依据。

关键词：程序性知识视觉表征用户类型高校图书馆数据库信息检索体验

Soil Properties and Plant Growth Response to Litter in a Prolonged Enclosed Grassland of Loess Plateau, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第5期30卷 1041-1048页

作者： Yunwu Xiong Bing Yu Mengting Bai Xueyang Zhang guanhua huang Alex Furman College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

The enclosure and ungrazing practices for grassland management result in accumulation of plant litter on soil surface thus affecting the available soil water and nutrients for plant production. We experimentally investigated the effects of litter on soil properties and plant growth in a prolonged enclosure grassland of Loess Plateau, China. Three different litter manipulations were conducted including removal of all litter, an untreated in-situ control with original litter levels, and a double litter treatment. Litter treatment experiments demonstrated that plant litter affected the superficial soil water. Soil water content in plots with in-situ or double litter is generally higher than that with litter removal. The depletion of soil water up to five days post rainfall is fastest in litter removal plots for the top soil, but no evident difference for the deep ones. Different litter treatments have no significant impact on soil total carbon, nitrogen as well as carbon/nitrogen ratio for consecutive two years experiments. Both above-and below-ground biomasses in plots of litter removal were less than those in the plots of in-situ and double litter treatment. Litter affects plant production mainly through the mechanical barrier regulating root zone soil moisture. Therefore, prolonged litter manipulation experiments are desirable to understand the long-term response of plant growth on litter from nutrient aspect.

关键词： soil moisture ungrazed grassland Stripa bungeana litter manipulation

基于改进YOLOv8的航空铝合金焊缝缺陷检测方法

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航空动力学报 2024年第6期39卷 116-124页

作者：苏志威黄子涵邱发生郭朝阳殷晓芳邬冠华南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室南昌330063 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司检验检测中心南昌330024

为了提高航空铝合金焊接缺陷数字射线成像自动检测效率和准确度,提出了一种改进YOLOv8智能检测方法。针对样本数据不足和缺陷不清晰的问题,采用Retinex图像增强算法和引导滤波算法对原始图像进行图像增强处理,然后采用旋转和翻转等方式... 详细信息

为了提高航空铝合金焊接缺陷数字射线成像自动检测效率和准确度,提出了一种改进YOLOv8智能检测方法。针对样本数据不足和缺陷不清晰的问题,采用Retinex图像增强算法和引导滤波算法对原始图像进行图像增强处理,然后采用旋转和翻转等方式扩充数据集。在模型改进中,使用GhostBottleneck模块替换C2f中的Bottleneck模块,完成模型的轻量化,减少了额外的冗余参数并降低了计算量。同时,引入空间注意力机制,获得缺陷更多的空间信息,并调整预测框的回归范围,提升了模型的精度。通过铝合金焊接件中常见几类缺陷进行测试和验证,改进YOLOv8算法平均精度均值(mAP50)达到92.9%,优于传统的Faster-RCNN、SSD和YOLOv8算法,能够有效适用于焊缝缺陷的自动识别。

关键词：数字射线图像增强自动识别 YOLOv8算法焊缝缺陷

基于倾向性评分匹配分析青年原发性高血压与原发性头痛的相关性

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包头医学院学报 2024年第6期40卷 37-42,55页

作者：刘海黄冠华内蒙古科技大学包头医学院研究生院内蒙古包头014040 内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第二附属医院高血压研究所

目的:分析原发性头痛与原发性高血压发病风险之间的联系,为防治原发性高血压和原发性头痛提供依据。方法:选取年龄为16~24岁(平均年龄18.6岁)的青年,通过体检数据,采用倾向性评分匹配的方法以均衡混杂因素,结合logistic回归分析探讨匹... 详细信息

目的:分析原发性头痛与原发性高血压发病风险之间的联系,为防治原发性高血压和原发性头痛提供依据。方法:选取年龄为16~24岁(平均年龄18.6岁)的青年,通过体检数据,采用倾向性评分匹配的方法以均衡混杂因素,结合logistic回归分析探讨匹配前后原发性头痛与原发性高血压发病风险之间的关系。结果:匹配前高血压组和正常血压组在民族(P=0.007)、BMI(P=0.005)、高血压家族病史(P=0.017)、食用盐情况(P=0.004)、食肉种类(P=0.015)、是否饮食搭配(P=0.015)、睡眠质量(P=0.018)、每周体力活动量(P<0.001)、久坐时间(P=0.023)、头痛类型(P<0.001)等方面均有差异。进行1∶1倾向性评分匹配后共获得246例匹配资料,并且两组间混杂因素达到均衡。logistic回归分析表明,匹配前偏头痛组发生高血压的风险是无头痛组的4.474倍,紧张型头痛组发生高血压的风险是无头痛组的1.942倍,其他头痛组与高血压无关。匹配后偏头痛组发生高血压的风险是无头痛组的2.532倍,紧张型头痛组与其他头痛组与高血压无关。结论:原发性头痛中的偏头痛对原发性高血压的发病风险存在影响作用,偏头痛是原发性高血压的独立危险因素。

关键词：原发性高血压偏头痛紧张型头痛倾向性评分匹配

破壁灵芝孢子粉调控NLRP3炎症体介导的焦亡对阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆能力的影响

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中华中医药杂志 2024年第6期39卷 3073-3077页

作者：黄薇叶树丁志贤覃云鹏胡冠华李思钰蔡标安徽中医药大学药学院合肥230012 安徽中医药大学中西医结合学院合肥230012 中西医结合防治神经退行性疾病医药基础研究创新中心合肥230012

目的:探究破壁灵芝孢子粉(BSG)对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠神经保护的作用及其机制。方法:腹腔注射D-半乳糖联合脑内注射Aβ25-25建立AD模型。40只SPF级SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、模型组(Model组)、破壁灵芝孢子粉组(BSG组)、多奈哌... 详细信息

目的:探究破壁灵芝孢子粉(BSG)对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠神经保护的作用及其机制。方法:腹腔注射D-半乳糖联合脑内注射Aβ25-25建立AD模型。40只SPF级SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、模型组(Model组)、破壁灵芝孢子粉组(BSG组)、多奈哌齐组(DP组),每组10只。用药组连续灌胃给药28 d。新事物实验检测大鼠学习记忆能力;HE、电镜检测海马组织损伤情况;Western blot及RT-PCR分别检测相关蛋白及mRNA的表达。结果:与Model组比较,BSG组和DP组大鼠新事物实验RI值显著升高(P<0.05);海马神经元损伤显著减少(P<0.05);p-tau蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1、GSDMD、GSDMD-N蛋白和mRNA的表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:破壁灵芝孢子粉可能通过调控NLRP3炎症体的激活介导的细胞焦亡,降低相关炎症因子的表达,抑制tau蛋白过度磷酸化,发挥神经保护作用的。

关键词：破壁灵芝孢子粉阿尔茨海默病 NLRP3炎症体 p-tau 神经保护新事物识别实验学习记忆

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新型冠状病毒感染后膈肌功能障碍2例

中华结核和呼吸杂志 2024年第3期47卷 244-248页

作者：余冬黄文棋詹永忠肖冠华李婧佟万成蔡绍曦刘来昱南方医科大学南方医院呼吸与危重症医学科广州510515

随着新冠病毒感染大流行后,新冠病毒导致的并发症和长期后遗症困扰着很多患者,其中呼吸困难较为常见,国外已报道少数病例是由新冠病毒感染后膈肌功能障碍引起,然而国内尚未见相关报道。本文报道了2例新冠病毒感染后呼吸困难患者,入院后... 详细信息

随着新冠病毒感染大流行后,新冠病毒导致的并发症和长期后遗症困扰着很多患者,其中呼吸困难较为常见,国外已报道少数病例是由新冠病毒感染后膈肌功能障碍引起,然而国内尚未见相关报道。本文报道了2例新冠病毒感染后呼吸困难患者,入院后通过动态X线胸片发现患者存在膈肌功能障碍,进一步完善膈肌超声、神经电生理检查、跨膈压测定、头颅MRI以及自身免疫性疾病的抗体检测等检查后,最终确定病因分别是新冠病毒感染诱发的重症肌无力以及新冠病毒感染导致的膈神经和膈肌病变。经过治疗,2例患者症状均有所改善。本文结合相关文献回顾对该病的进行总结分析,旨在提高临床医生对该病诊治的认识。

关键词：神经电生理检查自身免疫性疾病膈神经呼吸困难患者临床医生病毒感染头颅MRI 重症肌无力

基于疾病与活性化合物靶点网络研究牛舌草治疗大鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤的作用

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医药导报 2024年第4期43卷 535-544页

作者：谭文溚胡博军黄贝张雯王淑美臧林泉杜冠华广东药科大学药学院广州510006 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药物研究所药物靶点研究与新药筛选北京市重点实验室北京100050 河南大学药学院开封475004

目的基于脑缺血-再灌注损伤与牛舌草中活性化合物靶点网络,研究牛舌草治疗大鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤的作用及机制。方法采用线栓法制备脑缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠模型,缺血1.5 h再灌注24 h,对大鼠神经功能进行评分,2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑(TTC... 详细信息

目的基于脑缺血-再灌注损伤与牛舌草中活性化合物靶点网络,研究牛舌草治疗大鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤的作用及机制。方法采用线栓法制备脑缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠模型,缺血1.5 h再灌注24 h,对大鼠神经功能进行评分,2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑(TTC)测定大鼠脑梗死体积。采用网络药理学的分子网络分析技术、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络、基因本体(GO)生物过程富集分析、京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)信号通路分析、分子对接等方法研究牛舌草治疗脑缺血-再灌注损伤作用机制。结果牛舌草给药治疗能够显著改善脑缺血-再灌注损伤引起的神经行为功能障碍,减轻脑组织病理损伤。并且牛舌草能够通过143个缺血性脑卒中相关靶点,调控炎症反应、细胞凋亡等生物过程,干预肿瘤坏死因子信号通路、血管内皮生长因子信号通路和缺氧诱导因子-1信号通路等发挥作用。结论网络药理学及动物实验表明,牛舌草通过多靶点、多机制整体联合治疗脑缺血-再灌注损伤,可有效降低脑损伤和保护神经功能。

关键词：牛舌草脑缺血-再灌注损伤网络药理学

Integrating UHPLC-MS/MS quantitative analysis and exogenous purine supplementation to elucidate the antidepressant mechanism of Chaigui granules by regulating purine metabolism

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第12期13卷 1562-1576页

作者： Jiajun Chen Tian Li Dehua huang Wenxia Gong Junsheng Tian Xiaoxia Gao Xuemei Qin guanhua Du Yuzhi Zhou Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China The Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province Taiyuan030006China Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China

Chaigui granules(CG)are a compound composed of six herbal medicines with significant antidepressant effects.However,the antidepressant mechanism of CG remains unclear.In the present study,we attempted to elucidate the antidepressant mechanism of CG by regulating purine metabolism and purinergic signaling.First,the regulatory effect of CG on purine metabolites in the prefrontal cortex(PFC)of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)rats was analyzed by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)targeted quantitative analysis.Meanwhile,purinergic receptors(P2X7 receptor(P2X7R),A1 receptor(A1R)and A2A receptor(A2AR))and signaling pathways(nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)-protein kinase A(PKA)pathway)associated with purine metabolism were analyzed by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Besides,antidepressant mechanism of CG by modulating purine metabolites to activate purinergic receptors and related signaling pathways was dissected by exogenous supplementation of purine metabolites and antagonism of purinergic receptors in vitro.An in vivo study showed that the decrease in xanthine and the increase in four purine nucleosides were closely related to the antidepressant effects of CG.Additionally,purinergic receptors(P2X7R,A1R and A2AR)and related signaling pathways(NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and cAMP-PKA pathway)were also significantly regulated by CG.The results of exogenous supplementation of purine metabolites and antagonism of purinergic receptors showed that excessive accumulation of xanthine led to activation of the P2X7R-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway,and the reduction of adenosine and inosine inhibited the A1R-cAMP-PKA pathway,which was significantly ameliorated by CG.Overall,CG could promote neuroprotection and ultimately play an antidepressant role by inhibiting the xanthine-P2X7R-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and activating the adenosine/inosine-A1R-cAMP-PKA pathway.

关键词： Chaigui granules Traditional Chinese medicine Antidepressant mechanism Purine metabolism Purinergic signaling