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Micro-Service-Based Radio Access Network

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China Communications 2022年第3期19卷 1-15页

作者： Na Li guangyi liu Huimin Zhang Quan Zhao Yun Zhao Zhou Tong Yingying Wang Junshuai Sun Future Research Lab China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100053China

The convergence of information,communication,and data technologies(ICDT)has been identified as one of the developing trends of the sixth generation(6G)network.Service-based architecture(SBA)as one of the promising information technology,has been preliminarily introduced into the fifth generation(5G)core network(CN)and successfully commercialized,which verifies its feasibility and effectiveness.However,SBA mainly focuses on the control plane of CN at present and the SBA-CN user plane is being studied by the industry.In addition to further evolving the SBA-CN,SBA radio access network(RAN)should also be considered to enable an end-toend SBA,so as to meet more comprehensive and extreme requirements of future applications,as well as support fast rollout requirements of RAN devices.

关键词： 6G micro-service SBA-RAN

IgA nephropathy with podocytic infolding glomerulopathy

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2023年第4期9卷 345-348页

作者： Zhouyang Wang Yujie Diao Zhendong Wang Xiangdong Yang Junhui Zhen guangyi liu Department of Nephrology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandongChina Department of Pathology School of Basic Medical SciencesShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina

Dear Editor,Podocytic infolding glomerulopathy(PIG)is a glomerular disease characterized by specific structures of the thickened glomerular basement membrane(GBM),including microspheres,microtubular structures,and podocytic infolding.It was first reported in 1992 by Sato et al.I This type of glomerulopathy has not been included in the World Health Organization's classification of glomerular diseases.The concept of PIG was then proposed in 2008 by the Japanese Society of Nephrology according to electron microscopic findings from renal biopsies of 25 patients in Japan.The diagnostic criteria included nonargyrophilic holes in the GBM by light microscopy and microspheres and/or microtubules of 50-150 nm within the GBM by electron microscopy.PIG is divided into three types:type A with only primary podocytic infolding,Type B with both primary podocytic infolding and microstructures in the GBM,and type C with only microstructures in the GBM.?Some studies on pathogenic mechanisms suggest a potential association with complement activation.

关键词： folding glomerular

Signal Clipping at Transmitter and Receiver of O-OFDM for VLC under Optical Power Constraint

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China Communications 2022年第6期19卷 154-168页

作者： Liang Xia Xiaoqian Wang Zhiwen Sun Zhitian Cheng Jing Jin Yifei Yuan guangyi liu Tao Jiang Yuhong Huang Future Mobile Technology Lab China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100053China

Visible light communications(VLC)is considered as an effective supplement technology for next-generation(6G)communications due to its abundant spectrum,high power efficiency and easy deployment.Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(O-OFDM)is a common technology to obtain further promotion.In this paper,two typical O-OFDM schemes direct current biased O-OFDM(DCO-OFDM)and asymmetrically clipped O-OFDM(ACO-OFDM)are analyzed in terms of signal clipping at both transmitter and receiver under the constraints of maximum optical power and non-negative optical power.And effective electrical SNR models after signal clipping are proposed and verified by link simulation.Then a noise cancellation scheme is proposed based on received signal clipping and is proved to bring a significant gain for ACO-OFDM.By system simulation,we find that under a certain optical power limitation,most users can achieve above 4 Gbps in indoor scenario when modulation bandwidth of the light emit diode(LED)or laser diode(LD)is 1 GHz.Therefore,it can be expected that the throughput could reach tens Gbps when the LED/LD modulation bandwidth is increased and multiple LEDs/LDs are deployed.

关键词： 6G visible light communications optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing clipping bit error rate throughput

Effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in treatment of pregnancyrelated symptoms:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 16-26页

作者： liu Tingting liu Tongou liu Mingfu School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medicine Hubei University of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430000China First Clinical College of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430000China Department of Acupuncture and Tuina Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430000China

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture(AM)in the treatment of pregnancyrelated symptoms such as acute vomiting during pregnancy.METHODS:We comprehensively searched the available literature up to November 2021,including Pub Med,Embase,Cochrane Library,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on AM for the treatment of severe vomiting,insomnia,pharyngeal and pelvic pain,mood abnormalities,and dyspepsia during pregnancy.RESULTS:Sixteen RCTs with a cumulative sample size of 1178 cases were included.Of these,964 patients were included in the Meta-analysis.The Meta-analysis results showed that AM was more efficient than Western medicine in treating discomfort during pregnancy[odds ratio(OR)=1.19,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.11,1.28),P<0.01].AM was better than the control group in improving the visual analog scale scores[standard mean difference(SMD)=0.62,95%CI(0.53,0.71),P<0.01].AM was superior to the control group in improving Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)symptom scores[OR=7.31,95%CI(3.36,15.94),P<0.01].There was no significant difference in adverse effects between the AM and sham-AM groups and the analgesic drug group[OR=0.70,95%CI(0.39,1.28),P=0.25],but the treatment and control groups had mild adverse effects with a low incidence.CONCLUSIONS:AM is more effective than other treatments or pharmacotherapy alone in the treatment of pregnancy-related symptoms,and is relatively safe.However,the quality of the included trials was rather poor,and high-quality studies are required to confirm our findings.

关键词： acupuncture pregnancy nausea vomiting sleep initiation and maintenance disorders low back pain pelvic pain mood abnormalities Meta-analysis systematic review

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GUEST EDITORIAL

China Communications 2022年第3期19卷 4-7页

作者： guangyi liu Jinkang Zhu Yongming Huang Jianhua Zhang Xiaoming Tao China Mobile 6G Alliance of network for AI (6GANA) University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Pervasive Communication Research Center Purple Mountain Laboratories BUPT China Institute of Communications BUPT-CMCC Joint Research Center Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University

6G towards 2030:from Key Technology to Network Architecture With the large-scale commercialization of 5th generation(5G) network globally, 5G together with artificial intelligence(AI), cloud and big data is accelerating the digitalization of the world, which push the society move towards a “digital twin” world composed of the physical world and its digital mirror. The digital twin world will enable us to predict the future and reshape the future in social governance and many industries.

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Removal of Cr(Ⅵ)by glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan encapsulating microscale zero-valent iron:Synthesis,mechanism,and longevity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 115-128页

作者： Yijun Duan Fang liu Xiang liu Miao Li School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Transportation Institute of Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010070China

Microscale zero-valent iron(mZVI)has shown great potential for groundwater Cr(Ⅵ)remediation.However,low Cr(Ⅵ)removal capacity caused by passivation restricted the wide use of mZVI.We prepared mZVI/GCS by encapsulating mZVI in a porous glutaraldehydecrosslinked chitosan matrix,and the formation of the passivation layer was alleviated by reducing the contact between zero-valent iron particles.The average pore diameter of mZVI/GCS was 8.775 nm,which confirmed the mesoporous characteristic of this material.Results of batch experiments demonstrated that mZVI/GCS exhibited high Cr(Ⅵ)removal efficiency in a wide range of pH(2-10)and temperature(5-35℃).Common groundwater coexisting ions slightly affected m ZVI/GCS.The material showed great reusability,and the average Cr(Ⅵ)removal efficiency was 90.41%during eight cycles.In this study,we also conducted kinetics and isotherms analysis.Pseudo-second-order model was the most matched kinetics model.The Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption process was fitted by both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models,and the maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of m ZVI/GCS reached243.63 mg/g,which is higher than the adsorption capacities of materials reported in most of the previous studies.Notably,the column capacity for Cr(Ⅵ)removal of a mZVI/GCS-packed column was 6.4 times higher than that of a mZVI-packed column in a 50-day experiment.Therefore,mZVI/GCS with a porous structure effectively relieved passivation problems of mZVI and showed practical application prospects as groundwater Cr(Ⅵ)remediation material with practical application prospects.

关键词： Chitosan Glutaraldehyde mZVI Cr(Ⅵ) Groundwater

Frequency Regulation of VSC-MTDC System with Offshore Wind Farms

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 275-286页

作者： Haoyu liu Chongru liu North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206China

Frequency regulation of voltage source converter-based multi-terminal high-voltage direct current(VSC-MTDC)system with offshore wind farms enhances the frequency stability by compensating the power for a disturbed AC system.However,it is difficult to reasonably allocate frequency-regulation resources due to a lack of coordination mechanisms between wind farms and the MTDC system.Moreover,it is difficult for the frequency control of the wind farms to manage changes in wind speed;and the risk of wind-turbine stalls is high.Thus,based on the kinetic energy of wind turbines and the power margin of the converters,the frequency-regulation capability of wind turbines is evaluated,and a dynamic frequency-support scheme considering the real-time frequency-support capability of the wind turbines and system frequency evolution is proposed to improve the frequency-support performance.A power adaptation technique at variable wind speeds is developed;the active power in the frequency-support stage and restoration stage is switched according to the wind speed.A hierarchical zoning frequency-regulation scheme is designed to use the frequency-regulation resources of different links in the MTDC system with wind farms.The simulation results show that the novel frequency-regulation strategy maintains frequency stability with wind-speed changes and avoids multiple frequency dips.

关键词： Wind generation voltage source converter-based multi-terminal high-voltage direct current(VSC-MTDC) frequency regulation cooperative control adaptive control variable wind speed

Characteristics and sources of peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)in the rural North China Plain:Results from1-year continuous observations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 719-731页

作者： Xin liu Xiaowei He Chenglong Zhang Yifei Song Shuyang Xie Chengtang liu Pengfei liu Yuanyuan Zhang Yujing Mu Junfeng liu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)is an important photochemical pollutant in the troposphere,whereas long-term measurements are scarce in rural areas in North China Plain(NCP),resulting in unclear seasonal variations and sources of PAN in rural NCP.In this study,we conducted a 1-year observation of PAN during 2021-2022 at the rural NCP site.The average concentrations of PAN were 1.10,0.75,0.65,and 0.88 ppbv in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively,with a 1-year average of 0.81±0.60 ppbv.Calculations indicate that the loss of PAN through thermal decomposition in summer accounts for 43.2% of the total formed PAN,which is an important reason for the low concentration of PAN in summer.We speculate that since the correlation between PAN and O_(3) in winter is significantly lower than that in other seasons,the observed regional transport of PAN cannot be ignored in winter.Through budget analysis,regional transport accounted for 12.8% and 55.9% of the observed PAN on the spring and winter pollution days,respectively,which showed that regional transport played key roles during the photochemical pollution of the rural NCP in winter.The potential source contribution function revealed that the transported PAN mainly comes from southern Hebei in spring.In winter,the transported PAN was mainly from Langfang,Hengshui,and southern Beijing.Our findings may aid in understanding PAN variations in different seasons in rural areas and highlight the impact of regional transport on the PAN budget.

关键词： Photochemical pollution Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN) Seasonal variations Regional transport Rural area

Optimal therapeutic dose and time window of picroside II in cerebral ischemic injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第15期9卷 1437-1445页

作者： guangyi liu Li Zhao Tingting Wang Meizeng Zhang Haitao Pei Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University

A preliminary study from our research group showed that picroside II inhibited neuronal apop- tosis in ischemic penumbra, reduced ischemic volume, and improved neurobehavioral function in rats with cerebral ischemia. The aim of the present study was to validate the neuroprotective effects of picroside II and optimize its therapeutic time window and dose in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. We found that picroside Ⅱ inhibited cell apoptosis and reduced the expression of neuron-specific enolase, a marker of neuronal damage, in rats after cerebral ischemic injury. The optimal treatment time after ischemic injury and dose were determined, respectively, as follows：（1） 2.0 hours and 10 mg/kg according to the results of toluidine blue staining; （2） 1.5 hours and 10 mg/kg according to early apoptotic ratio by flow cytometry; （3） 2.0 hours and 10 mg/kg according to immunohistochemical and western blot analysis; and （4） 1.5 hours and 10 mg/kg according to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The present findings suggest that an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg picroside II 1.5-2.0 hours after cerebral ischemic injury in rats is the optimal dose and time for therapeutic benefit.

关键词： nerve regeneration picroside II therapeutic dose time window brain ischemia neuron-specific enolase toluidine blue staining flow cytometry immunohistochemical assay western blot RT-PCR rats NSFC grant neural regeneration