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Soil and microbial C:N:P stoichiometries play vital roles in regulating P transformation in agricultural ecosystems:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 44-51页

作者： guanglei chen Jiahui YUAN Shenqiang WANG Yuting LIANG Dengjun WANG Yiyong ZHU Yu WANG State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Life Sciences Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221000China School of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization College of Resources and Environmental ScienceNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Stoichiometry plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles and can modulate soil nutrient availability and functions. In agricultural ecosystems,phosphorus(P) fertilizers(organic or chemical) are often applied to achieve high crop yields. However, P is readily fixed by soil particles, leading to low P use efficiency. Therefore, understanding the role of carbon:nitrogen:P stoichiometries of soil and microorganisms in soil P transformation is of great significance for P management in agriculture. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent research on stoichiometry effect on soil P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. Soil microorganisms play an important role in the transformation of soil non-labile inorganic P to microbial biomass P by regulating microbial biomass stoichiometry. They also mobilize soil unavailable organic P into available P by changing ecoenzyme stoichiometry. Organic materials, such as manure and straw, play an important role in promoting the transformation of insoluble P into available P as well. Additionally, periphytic biofilms can reduce P loss from rice field ecosystems. Agricultural stoichiometries are different from those of natural ecosystems and thereby should receive more attention due to the influences of anthropogenic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further stoichiometry research on the soil biochemical mechanisms underlying P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. In conclusion, understanding stoichiometry impact on soil P transformation is crucial for P management in agricultural ecosystems.

关键词： ecoenzyme microbial biomass microbial community microorganism P availability periphytic biofilm soil P transformation

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Effect of P fertilizer reduction regime on soil Olsen-P, root Fe-plaque P, and rice P uptake in rice-wheat rotation paddy fields

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Pedosphere 2021年第1期31卷 94-102页

作者： Hao chen Yu WANG Jiahui YUAN Wenbin ZHU guanglei chen Shenqiang WANG State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Resource and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100049China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

In agricultural systems, it is vital to use limited yet optimal phosphorus(P) resources, because excessive P fertilizer application leads to the accumulation of P in soil, increasing the risk of environmental pollution and causing the waste and exhaustion of P resources. In a rice-wheat rotation system, omitting P fertilizer application in the rice-growing season is a good alternative;however, how this P fertilization reduction influences changes in P in the soil-root-aboveground system is unclear. In this study, after a seven-year rice-wheat rotation at the Yixing(YX) and Changshu(CS) sampling sites, China, compared with P fertilization in rice-and wheat-growing seasons(PR+W), reduced P fertilization(no P fertilizer application in either season, P0;P fertilization only in wheat-growing seasons, PW;and P fertilization only in rice-growing seasons, PR) did not result in substantial variation in crop biomass. The PW treatment did not reduce crop total P, root iron(Fe)-plaque P, and soil Olsen-P at three stages of rice growth(seedling, booting, and harvesting stages) at the YX and CS sites. In contrast, concentrations of soil Olsen-P, aboveground crop total P, and root Fe-plaque P decreased in the P0 treatment by 45.8%–81.0%,24.6%–30.9%, and 45.6%–73.4%, respectively. In addition, a significant negative correlation was observed between the root Fe-plaque P and crop biomass at the two sites. Significant positive correlations were also observed between root Fe-plaque P and root total P, crop total P, and soil Olsen-P. In addition, the results of a redundancy analysis revealed that soil alkaline phosphatase(ALP) played a major role in the supply of P in soil, and was closely associated with root Fe-plaque P. The results of this study will enhance the understanding of the changes in P in the soil-root-aboveground system, particularly under P fertilizer reduction regimes.

关键词： crop biomass crop total P iron plaque reduced P input rice-growth stage soil-root-aboveground system

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Responses of soil phosphorus pools accompanied with carbon composition and microorganism changes to phosphorus-input reduction in paddy soils

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Pedosphere 2021年第1期31卷 83-93页

作者： Jiahui YUAN Lei WANG Hao chen guanglei chen Shenqiang WANG Xu ZHAO Yu WANG State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Organic Food Development Center Nanjing Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Environmental ProtectionNanjing 210042China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

In rice-wheat rotation systems, changes in soil phosphorus(P) pools and microorganisms in rice-growing seasons have been studied;however, further investigations are required to test whether these indexes exhibit different responses in wheat-growing seasons. Additionally, such studies need to include potential variations in soil carbon(C) structure and microbial community composition. In this study, a long-term rice-wheat rotation P-input reduction experiment was conducted to observe the variations in soil P pools and C composition in the 7th wheat season and to investigate the responses of soil enzyme activity and microbial communities. Four P fertilization treatments were included in the experiment, i.e., P application for rice season only(PR), for wheat season only(PW), and for both rice and wheat seasons(PR+W) and no P application in either season(Pzero). Compared with PR+W treatment, Pzero treatment significantly decreased(P < 0.05) labile and stable P pools. Different P fertilization regimes altered soil microbial community composition and enzyme activity, whereas C composition did not vary. However, PW treatment resulted in relatively more O-alkyl-C than PR treatment and the highest number of microorganisms. Besides, the higher ratios of fungi/bacteria and Gram-positive bactetia/Gram-negative bactetia were related to labile C pools, particularly O-alkyl-C, as opposed to recalcitrant C. Our results clarified the status of soil P pools, C chemistry, and the response of microorganisms under dry-farming conditions in the P input-reduced rice-wheat rotation system.

关键词： 13C nuclear magnetic resonance dry farming enzyme activity microbial community composition phospholipid fatty acid phosphorus fractionation wheat season

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Seven years of biochar amendment has a negligible effect on soil available P and a progressive effect on organic C in paddy soils

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1161-1173页

作者： Jiahui Yuan Yu Wang Xu Zhao Hao chen guanglei chen Shenqiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China

Little attention has been paid to how long-term application of crop straw and its biochar affects soil phosphorus(P)transformation and carbon(C)*** conducted a 7-year field experiment including control treatment(chemical fertilizer only,CK),straw return(2.25 t ha^(−1)),and different amounts of biochar addition(11.25 t ha^(−1)(0.5%BC)and 22.5 t ha^(−1)(1.0%BC),to investigate influence of these amendments on soil C structure,P fractions,and their interaction with *** 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and soil P sequence fractionation were applied to capture changes of soil C compositions and P *** to CK,straw and biochar amendments decreased alkyl C/O-alkyl C,which is conducive to increased soil organic *** 0.5%BC and 1.0%BC treatments enhanced recalcitrant aromatic C by 69.0%and 131%,*** to CK(101.2±33.32 mg kg^(−1)),the 0.5%BC and 1.0%BC treatments had a negligible effect on soil available P,while negative effects were observed in straw treatment(59.79±9.023 mg kg^(−1)).Straw and biochar amendments increased primary P and occluded P,whereas had negligible effect on organic *** analysis and correlation analysis indi-cated that C compositions and P pool correlated to microbial community composition and enzyme activities,and aromatic C was the most related ***,structural equation modeling indicated available P was most related to phosphatase activity and C *** findings reveal the changes of soil P and C response under long-term crop straw and its biochar amendment,and can contribute toward improving understanding of the effect of biochar and straw return in future agriculture management.

关键词： Biochar Paddy soil Soil phosphorus fractionation Carbon composition Microorganisms

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空勤人员高尿酸血症患病情况调查及与其他生化指标的相关性分析

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中华航空航天医学杂志 2024年第2期35卷 115-119页

作者：刘畅陈颖南关雪杨丹陈松楠陈光磊联勤保障部队北戴河康复疗养中心检验病理科秦皇岛066100 联勤保障部队北戴河康复疗养中心质量管理科秦皇岛066100 联勤保障部队北戴河康复疗养中心综合内科秦皇岛066100

目的调查空勤人员高尿酸血症(hyperuricemia,HUA)患病情况,分析HUA的发生与其他生化指标的相关性,为空勤人员HUA的防治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2020—2022年于联勤保障部队北戴河康复疗养中心参加体检的男性空勤人员体检资料,按照年份... 详细信息

目的调查空勤人员高尿酸血症(hyperuricemia,HUA)患病情况,分析HUA的发生与其他生化指标的相关性,为空勤人员HUA的防治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2020—2022年于联勤保障部队北戴河康复疗养中心参加体检的男性空勤人员体检资料,按照年份分为2020、2021和2022年组;按照年龄分为20~29、30~39、40~49和50~59岁组,比较分析不同年份、不同年龄组空勤人员HUA患病情况。依据是否患HUA将研究对象分为HUA组和非HUA组,比较两组间体检指标的差异,并应用多因素Logistic回归分析其他生化指标对HUA的潜在影响。结果共纳入空勤人员2365名,其中患HUA者866名,占36.62%,不同年份之间患病率呈逐年增加趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.70,P=0.010);不同年龄组之间患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HUA与非HUA组之间肌酐(t=9.40,P<0.001)、血尿酸(t=59.66,P<0.001)、尿素氮(t=4.60,P<0.001)、直接胆红素(Z=3.40,P=0.001)、谷丙转氨酶(Z=7.59,P<0.001)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(t=5.89,P<0.001)、甘油三酯(Z=8.02,P<0.001)和总胆固醇(t=6.79,P<0.001)水平差异均有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析显示谷丙转氨酶(OR=1.014,P<0.001)、尿素氮(OR=1.091,P=0.031)、肌酐(OR=1.038,P<0.001)和甘油三酯(OR=1.164,P=0.001)水平升高是HUA的危险因素。结论空勤人员HUA患病率呈逐年上升趋势,其中谷丙转氨酶、尿素氮、肌酐、甘油三酯为HUA的危险因素。提示应对空勤人员HUA逐年增多趋势予以重视,重点关注异常肝肾功能对代谢的影响以及血脂水平,及早对有关危险因素采取干预措施。

关键词：高尿酸血症患病率危险因素空勤人员

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Long-term biochar addition significantly decreases rice rhizosphere available phosphorus and its release risk to the environment

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 281-295页

作者： Hao chen Jiahui Yuan guanglei chen Xu Zhao Shenqiang Wang Dengjun Wang Lei Wang Yujun Wang Yu Wang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China School of Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042China Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Plant Nutrition of Heilongjiang ProvinceHeilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086China

Phosphorus(P)availability,diffusion,and resupply processes can be altered by biochar addition in flooded rice rhizosphere,which controls the risk of P release to the ***,there are few in-situ investigations of these rhizospheric processes and *** explore the effects of biochar addition on soil P availability,high-resolution dialysis(HR-Peeper),diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT),and zymography techniques were used to provide direct evidence in the rice rhizosphere at the sub-millimeter ***-term(9-years)field and greenhouse pot experiments demonstrated that biochar addition notably decreased the soluble/labile P and Fe concentrations in rice rhizosphere(*** biochar addition;CK)based on the results of Peeper,DGT,and two-dimensional imaging of labile P ***-induced fluxes in the soil/sediment(DIFS)model and sediment P release risk index(SPRRI)further indicated that biochar addition decreased the diffusion and resupply capacity of P from soil solid to the solution,thereby decreasing P release risk to the *** processes were dominated by Fe redox cycling and the hydrolysis of Al(hydro)oxides that greatly increased the unavailable P(Ca-P and residual-P).Additionally,greenhouse pot experiments(without additional biochar)showed that the previous long-term biochar addition significantly increased soil phosphatase activity,due to an adaptive-enhancing response to P decrease in the rhizosphere *** in-situ study on the biogeochemical reactions of P in the rice rhizosphere may provide a new and direct perspective to better evaluate the biochar addition and potential benefits to agricultural soils.

关键词： Biochar Rice rhizosphere Phosphorus availability DGT DIFS SPRRI

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支原体肺炎患儿血清白细胞介素-17、核因子-κB水平检测及其与疾病严重程度关系研究

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陕西医学杂志 2024年第9期53卷 1245-1248页

作者：欧芬杨涛毅李红霞陈光磊杨蜜成都市第三人民医院儿科四川成都610014 电子科技大学医学院附属妇女儿童医院成都市妇女儿童中心医院检验科四川成都610091

目的:观察支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿血清白细胞介素-17(IL-17)和核因子-κB(NF-κB)水平变化情况,并分析其与疾病病情程度的关系。方法:选择MPP患儿104例为研究组,另选取同年龄段体检健康儿童104例为对照组。通过检测患儿血清IL-17、NF-κB水... 详细信息

目的:观察支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿血清白细胞介素-17(IL-17)和核因子-κB(NF-κB)水平变化情况,并分析其与疾病病情程度的关系。方法:选择MPP患儿104例为研究组,另选取同年龄段体检健康儿童104例为对照组。通过检测患儿血清IL-17、NF-κB水平,分析其水平变化与病情程度(轻症组与重症组)的关系。结果:研究组血清IL-17、NF-κB表达水平明显较对照组高(均P<0.05)。重症组血清IL-17、NF-κB表达水平明显高于轻症组(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归模型分析显示,血清IL-17、NF-κB是患儿病情发展至重症的影响因素(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,血清IL-17、NF-κB表达水平对轻症MPP发展为重症MPP的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.823、0.809,IL-17联合NF-κB对轻症MPP发展为重症MPP的AUC为0.904(均P<0.05)。结论:血清IL-17、NF-κB水平在MPP患儿机体中明显升高,且升高水平与患儿病情程度明显相关,对患儿轻症发展至重症有一定的预测价值。

关键词：支原体肺炎白细胞介素-17 核因子-κB 病情程度关系预测价值

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Salp Swarm Incorporated Adaptive Dwarf Mongoose Optimizer with Lévy Flight and Gbest-Guided Strategy

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 2110-2144页

作者： Gang Hu Yuxuan Guo guanglei Sheng Department of Applied Mathematics Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710054People’s Republic of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710048People’s Republic of China Department of Electronics and Information Engineering Bozhou UniversityBozhou236800People’s Republic of China

In response to the shortcomings of Dwarf Mongoose Optimization(DMO)algorithm,such as insufficient exploitation capability and slow convergence speed,this paper proposes a multi-strategy enhanced DMO,referred to as ***,we propose an improved solution search equation that utilizes the Gbest-guided strategy with different parameters to achieve a trade-off between exploration and exploitation(EE).Secondly,the Lévy flight is introduced to increase the diversity of population distribution and avoid the algorithm getting stuck in a local *** addition,in order to address the problem of low convergence efficiency of DMO,this study uses the strong nonlinear convergence factor Sigmaid function as the moving step size parameter of the mongoose during collective activities,and combines the strategy of the salp swarm leader with the mongoose for cooperative optimization,which enhances the search efficiency of agents and accelerating the convergence of the algorithm to the global optimal solution(Gbest).Subsequently,the superiority of GLSDMO is verified on CEC2017 and CEC2019,and the optimization effect of GLSDMO is analyzed in *** results show that GLSDMO is significantly superior to the compared algorithms in solution quality,robustness and global convergence rate on most test ***,the optimization performance of GLSDMO is verified on three classic engineering examples and one truss topology optimization *** simulation results show that GLSDMO achieves optimal costs on these real-world engineering problems.

关键词： Dwarf mongoose optimization algorithm Gbest-guided Lévy flight Adaptive parameter Salp swarm algorithm Engineering optimization Truss topological optimization

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基于“脑-肠”轴与肠道菌群探讨中医药防治阿尔茨海默病

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中医学报 2024年第11期39卷 2270-2277页

作者：陈光磊沈俊希郑宇皓赵芝兰金亚弦况时祥陈云志朱星贵州中医药大学贵州贵阳550025

脑与大肠在生理上相互资助为用,在病理上也相互影响,肠道微生物通过传入信号通路和分泌生物活性物质影响大脑功能。故微生物-脑-肠轴(microbiome-brain-gut axis,MBGA)与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)的发生发展密切相关。中... 详细信息

脑与大肠在生理上相互资助为用,在病理上也相互影响,肠道微生物通过传入信号通路和分泌生物活性物质影响大脑功能。故微生物-脑-肠轴(microbiome-brain-gut axis,MBGA)与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)的发生发展密切相关。中医药作为防治AD的重要手段,在MBGA的基础上,通过干预肠道菌群减少Aβ生成、降低tau磷酸化水平、减轻氧化应激、抑制神经炎症等,缓解AD发病症状,为临床防治AD提供新的方法及思路。然而目前仍然存在一些问题亟待解决:(1)大多研究观察中医药作用前后肠道菌群多样性的宏观差异,对中医药具体影响某一特定菌或菌群的研究较少;(2)中医药的作用机制复杂多变,作用于肠道菌群的靶点通路比较多,其作用机制有待深入研究;(3)对中医药防治AD的机制研究未在临床上得以验证,只有开展大样本、多中心的临床试验,才能更好地了解其作用机制,防治AD。未来,随着生物信息学和微生物基因组测序技术的不断成熟,可引入蛋白质组学、转录组学、脂质组学等与微生物组学协同合作,相互验证,为进一步深入研究肠道菌群和AD的关系提供技术支撑。

关键词：阿尔茨海默病脑-肠轴肠道菌群中药

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Mechanism of high Li-ion conductivity in poly(vinylene carbonate)-poly(ethylene oxide)cross-linked network based electrolyte revealed by solid-state NMR

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 377-383,I0010页

作者： Fan Li Tiantian Dong Yi Ji Lixin Liang Kuizhi chen Huanrui Zhang guanglei Cui Guangjin Hou State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101ShandongChina

Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)have become increasingly important in advanced lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their improved safety and mechanical properties compared to organic liquid ***-linked polymers have the potential to further improve the mechanical property without trading off Li-ion *** this study,focusing on a recently developed cross-linked SPE,i.e.,the one based on poly(vinylene carbonate)-poly(ethylene oxide)cross-linked network(PVCN),we used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)techniques to investigate the fundamental interaction between the chain segments and Li ions,as well as the lithium-ion *** utilizing homonuclear/heteronuclear correlation,CP(cross-polarization)kinetics,and spin-lattice relaxation experiments,etc.,we revealed the structural characteristics and their relations to lithium-ion *** is found that the network formation prevents poly(ethylene oxide)chains from crystallization,which could create sufficient space for segmental tumbling and Li-ion co nductio *** such,the mechanical property is greatly improved with even higher Li-ion mobilities compared to the poly(vinylene carbonate)or poly(ethylene oxide)based SPE analogues.

关键词： ssNMR Lithium-ion mobility Cross-link Solid polymer electrolyte

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