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Spatial distribution and pollution assessment of heavy metals in urban soils from southwest China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第3期24卷 410-418页

作者： Guanghui Guo Fengchang Wu Fazhi Xie Ruiqing Zhang Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and RiskAssessment Chinese Research Academy of Environment SciencesBeijing 100012China CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

To identify the concentrations and sources of heavy metals, and to assess soil environmental quality, 63 soil samples were collected in Yibin City, Sichuan Province, China. Mean concentrations of As, Pb, Zn, and Cu were 10.55, 61.23, 138.88 and 56.35 mg/kg, respectively. As concentrations were comparable to background values, while Pb, Zn, and Cu concentrations were higher than their corresponding background values. Industrial areas exhibited the highest concentrations of As, Pb, Zn, and Cu, while the lowest concentrations occurred in parks. Statistical analysis was performed and two cluster groups of metals were identified with Pb, Zn, and Cu in one group and As in the other. Spatial distribution maps indicated that Pb, Zn, and Cu were mainly controlled by anthropogenic activities, whereas As could be mainly accounted for by soil parent materials. Pollution index values of As, Pb, Zn, and Cu varied in the range of 0.24-1.93, 0.66-7.24, 0.42-4.19, and 0.62-5.25, with mean values of 0.86, 1.98, 1.61, and 1.78, respectively. The integrated pollution index （IPI） values of these metals varied from 0.82 to 3.54, with a mean of 1.6 and more than 90% of soil samples were moderately or highly contaminated with heavy metals. The spatial distribution of IPI showed that newer urban areas displayed relatively lower heavy metal contamination in comparison with older urban areas.

关键词： urban soils heavy metals pollution assessment spatial distribution

From the Cognition of the Sick at Heart to the Cognition of Ghosts: The Knowledge Transformation of Cognitive Psychology in the Late Qing/Republican Era(1895-1949)

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Social Sciences in China 2022年第4期43卷 105-118页

作者： Cui guanghui guo Benyu 黄德远 Schol of Psychology Nanjing Normal University 不详

In examining the historical changes in cognitive psychology from 1895 to 1949, it is necessary to transform cognitive psychology into cognitive practice. In the late Qing and early Republic era(1895-1919), cognitive practice mainly appeared as the cognition of the sick at heart. Against the background of the late Qing importation of Western learning aimed at securing national salvation, the intellectual class, represented by Tan Sitong,hastily dressed the wound to the traditional Chinese learning of Heaven and man inflicted by late nineteenth century scientific knowledge from Europe and America. They regarded cognition as the understanding gained in the practice of self-cultivation, as affording man a spiritual resting place between Heaven and Earth. By the time of the Republic of China(1920-1949), the main form of cognitive practice had become ghostly cognition.Under the banner of saving the country by means of science, higher education researchers,represented by Lu Zhiwei, explored cognition with the help of such intermediaries as physiological mechanisms and language structure. Men could easily become ghosts trapped in intermediaries when they plunged into the conceptual world in search of truth,as their cognitive practice evolved into the conceptual grasp of ghosts. This ghostly cognition continued into later information processing psychology and was disseminated among the mass of the public. A deeper level of the cognition of the sick at heart remains for future study, on the lengthy road home.

关键词： late Qing/Republican Chinese cognitive psychology knowledge transformation cognition of the sick at heart cognition of ghosts

Transcending Hukou Barriers Effectively Unleashes the Income-Raising Effect of Education:Based on an “Agricultural to Non-agricultural Hukou Conversion” Perspective

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Social Sciences in China 2023年第3期44卷 153-180页

作者： Long Cuihong Han Jiajun guo Baiying Li guanghui School of Economics East China Normal University School of Economics Zhejiang University

The relatively low rate of return to education has played an important role in explaining the urban-rural income disparity.However,rural residents have a high demand for education,and one significant reason is that education can help them break the restrictions of the household registration(hukou)system and obtain a higher income.Using data from the 2017 China Household Finance Survey(CHFS 2017),this study employs unconditional quantile regression to find that after reclassifying individuals who have experienced agricultural to non-agricultural hukou conversion back to the rural household registration category,the income-promotion effect on the rural population of completing high school and university education is significantly enhanced.The decomposition analysis using the recentered influence function(RIF)reveals that when considering the agricultural to non-agricultural hukou conversion group,the income disparity between urban and rural areas caused by education is noticeably alleviated.Furthermore,the endogenous switching regression model finds that individuals with agricultural hukou are generally less likely to work in formal institutions.Improving educational attainment helps increase the probability of their obtaining non-agricultural hukou and entering formal employment,resulting in higher income.Hence,policymakers should focus on improving the quality of rural education and reforming the household registration system to gradually eliminate the occupational segregation and income disparity caused by hukou barriers.

关键词： education agricultural to non-agricultural hukou system income gap

Development of a model to simulate soil heavy metals lateral migration quantity based on SWAT in Huanjiang watershed,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 115-129页

作者： Pengwei Qiao Mei Lei Sucai Yang Jun Yang Xiaoyong Zhou Nan Dong Guanghui Guo Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry Comprehensive Institute of Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying Ltd.

Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity of heavy metals. A model for heavy metal migration simulation was developed based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. This model took into consideration the influence of soil p H value, soil particle size, runoff volume, sediment amount,concentration of water-soluble heavy metals dissolved in runoff and insoluble absorbed to the soil particles. This model was reasonable in Huanjiang watershed, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, south China, covering an area of 273 km^2. The optimal drainage area threshold was determined by analyzing the effects of watershed subdivision on the simulation results to ensure the simulation accuracy. The main conclusions of this paper were:(1) watershed subdivision could affect simulation migration quantity of heavy metals;(2) the quantity of heavy metals transported by sediment accounted for 97%–99% of the total migration quantity in the study watershed. Therefore, sediment played the most important role in heavy metal migration;(3) the optimal drainage area threshold percentage to ensure high simulation accuracy was determined to be 2.01% of the total watershed;(4) with the optimal threshold percentage, this model could simulate the migration quantity of As, Pb and Cd accurately at the total watershed and subwatershed level. The results of this paper were useful for identifying the key regions with heavy metal migration.

关键词： Soil heavy metal migration Simulation model Watershed subdivision Optimal drainage area threshold percentage Simulation accuracy

A new prediction method of industrial atmospheric pollutant emission intensity based on pollutant emission standard quantification

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第1期17卷 87-97页

作者： Tienan Ju Mei Lei Guanghui Guo Jinglun Xi Yang Zhang Yuan Xu Qijia Lou Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Industrial emissions are the main source of atmospheric pollutants in China.Accurate and reasonable prediction of the emission of atmospheric pollutants from single enterprise can determine the exact source of atmospheric pollutants and control atmospheric pollution precisely.Based on China’s coking enterprises in 2020,we proposed a quantitative method for pollutant emission standards and introduced the quantification results of pollutant emission standards(QRPES)into the construction of support vector regression(SVR)and random forest regression(RFR)prediction methods for SO_(2) emission of coking enterprises in China.The results show that,affected by the types of coke ovens and regions,China’s current coking enterprises have implemented a total of 21 emission standards,with marked differences.After adding QRPES,it was found that the root mean squared error(RMSE)of SVR and RFR decreased from 0.055 kt/a and 0.059 kt/a to 0.045 kt/a and 0.039 kt/a,and the R2 increased from 0.890 and 0.881 to 0.926 and 0.945,respectively.This shows that the QRPES can greatly improve the prediction accuracy,and the SO_(2) emissions of each enterprise are highly correlated with the strictness of standards.The predicted result shows that 45%of SO_(2) emissions from Chinese coking enterprises are concentrated in Shanxi,Shaanxi and Hebei provinces in central China.The method created in this paper fills in the blank of forecasting method of air pollutant emission intensity of single enterprise and is of great help to the accurate control of air pollutants.

关键词： Industrial atmospheric pollutants Pollutant emission standards Quantitative method Machine learning Single enterprise

Emodin suppresses alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation and neovascularization by the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 signaling pathway

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期44卷 268-276页

作者： ZHENG Xueying guo Liang LAI Siyi LI Fengyue LIANG Mingli LIU Wanting MENG Chun LIU guanghui Department of Bioengineering College of Biological Science and BiotechnologyFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350104China Eye Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350004China Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated People's Hospital(Fujian Provincial People's Hospital)Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350004China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of emodin on alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation and neovascularization.METHODS:The ability of emodin to target vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2)was predicted by molecular docking.The effects of emodin on the invasion,migration,and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)were determined by cell counting kit-8,Transwell,and tube formation assays.Analysis of apoptosis was performed by flow cytometry.CD31 levels were examined by immunofluorescence.The abundance and phosphorylation state of VEGFR2,protein kinase B(Akt),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),and P38 were examined by immunoblot analysis.Corneal alkali burn was performed on 40 mice.Animals were divided randomly into two groups,and the alkali-burned eyes were then treated with drops of either 10μM emodin or phosphate buffered saline(PBS)four times a day.Slitlamp microscopy was used to evaluate inflammation and corneal neovascularization(CNV)in all eyes on Days 0,7,10,and 14.The mice were killed humanely 14 d after the alkali burn,and their corneas were removed and preserved at-80℃ until histological study or protein extraction.RESULTS:Molecular docking confirmed that emodin was able to target VEGFR2.The findings revealed that emodin decreased the invasion,migration,angiogenesis,and proliferation of HUVEC in a dose-dependent manner.In mice,emodin suppressed corneal inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibited the development of corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn.Compared to those of the PBS-treated group,lower VEGFR2 expression and CD31 levels were found in the emodintreated group.Emodin dramatically decreased the expression of VEGFR2,p-VEGFR2,p-Akt,p-STAT3,and p-P38 in VEGF-treated HUVEC.CONCLUSION:This study provides a new avenue for evaluating the molecular mechanisms underlying corneal inflammation and neovascularization.Emodin might be a promising new therapeutic option for corneal alkali burns.

关键词： alkali burn emodin corneal inflammation corneal neovascularisation vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signal transduction

族规生成与社会变迁——以清代中后期成都刘氏族规碑刻为例的研究

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四川师范大学学报（社会科学版） 2023年第5期50卷 169-182页

作者：郭广辉佛山科学技术学院人文与教育学院

清代中后期,由于人口剧增、社会动乱等多种因素的影响,民间社会出现了订立家法族规的高潮。现存于成都市龙泉驿区洛带镇宝胜村的刘氏族规碑刻为探讨族规生成的过程和原理提供了较好例证。碑刻记载了道光至光绪年间刘氏家族订立的三种族... 详细信息

清代中后期,由于人口剧增、社会动乱等多种因素的影响,民间社会出现了订立家法族规的高潮。现存于成都市龙泉驿区洛带镇宝胜村的刘氏族规碑刻为探讨族规生成的过程和原理提供了较好例证。碑刻记载了道光至光绪年间刘氏家族订立的三种族规和一种诉讼首状,通过逐一解析各族规和首状的内容及其生成逻辑,可以发现综合性族规实际上是一个较长时期家族演变和社会变迁的反映,其内容生成并非“一次性”的知识生产,而是知识层累的结果。族规研究,需要将其置于社会情境和生活实践中加以阐释,注重对其生成、演变过程的梳理,贯通其与其他文献类型的关联。此外,刘氏族规碑刻对从微观角度深入理解清代中后期成都平原的家族特征与地方社会的结构过程颇具启发价值。

关键词：族规生成社会变迁清代中后期成都平原刘氏族规碑刻

Familial Parkinson's Disease-Associated L166P Mutant DJ-1 is Cleaved by Mitochondrial Serine Protease Omi/HtrA2

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2017年第6期33卷 685-694页

作者： Kai Fu Yanfei Wang Dongkai guo guanghui Wang Haigang Ren Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders Department of PharmacologyCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow University Institute of Precision Medicine Xiangya Hospital Xiangya Medical School Central South University

Parkinson＇s disease（PD） is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. Mutations in the DJ-1, including L166 P, are responsible for recessive earlyonset PD. Many lines of evidence have shown that L166 P is not only a loss-of-function mutant, but also a proapoptotic-like protein that results in mitochondrial dysfunction. L166 P has been reported to be unstable and to mislocalize to mitochondria. However, the mechanisms underlying the instability of L166 P compared to wild-type DJ-1 remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that Omi/Htr A2, a mitochondrial serine protease that has also been linked to the pathogenesis of PD, contributed to L166 P instability. Omi directly interacted with and cleaved L166 P in mitochondria to decrease the L166 P level. However,Omi did not bind and cleave wild-type DJ-1. Moreover,Omi cleaved L166 P at both serine residues 3 and 121,while L166 P-induced cell death under H_2O_2 treatment was alleviated by over-expression of Omi. Our data reveal a bridge between DJ-1 and Omi, two PD-associated geneticfactors, which contributes to our understanding of the pathogenesis of PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease DJ-1 L166P Instability Omi/HtrA2 Cleavage

Polyhexamethylene biguanide chemically modified cotton with desirable hemostatic,inflammation-reducing,intrinsic antibacterial property for infected wound healing

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第6期33卷 2975-2981页

作者： Chuan guo Jie Zhang Xiaojun Feng Zhenggui Du Yuanzhang Jiang Yidong Shi guanghui Yang Lin Tan College of Biomass Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Breast Surgery West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China School of Materials and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518000China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Medical cotton dressing is cheap and widely used in diversified fields,but in the application of promoting wound healing,the continuous research of multifunctional medical cotton dressing is still of great significance.Here,we developed a fresh type of antibacterial cotton dressing through a succinct strategy based on chemically anchoring polyhexamethylene biguanide(PHMB).Intriguingly,after PHMB modification,the cotton dressing exhibited outstanding antibacterial performance which could maintain>99.99%antibacterial rate after several treatments,including washing 50 times,repeated use 10 times,UV irradiation for 7 days,cationic dyes dying,and conditioned under 90℃water bath for 2 h.In addition,the water contact angle of cotton dressing increased dramatically from 0°to 111°,which could facilitate bacterial adhesion,thus further enhance the antibacterial efficiency,and easily remove the bacterial debris.Apart from that,the developed cotton dressing showed good cytocompatibility,promoted blood clotting and expression of platelets,and promoted the wound healing process in the infection intervened skin wound model.Taken together,this antibacterial cotton dressing with desirable blood clotting,sustained protection against bacterial infection and bacterial removal features shows the potential to be a candidate for infected skin wound healing.

关键词： Cotton dressing Polyhexamethylene biguanidine Antibacterial performance Blood clotting Infected wound healing