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Research and application on multi-terminal and DC grids based on VSC-HVDC technology in China

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High Voltage 2017年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： Ting An guangfu tang Weinan Wang Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Changping DistrictBeijingPeople’s Republic of China North China Electric Power University Changping DistrictBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

Voltage source converter(VSC)-based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)and multi-terminal(MT)/DC grid technologies are the new HVDC transmission technologies after ultra-high voltage alternative current(UHVAC)and UHVDC transmission technologies which have been widely used in *** application of the new technologies has resulted in a rapid increase in the number of schemes in construction and planning *** has been stimulated by the greater level of functionality available from the VSC technology,which makes it suitable for a wide variety of *** include the integration of off-shore wind farms,embedded links within AC networks and interconnectors,especially where the AC networks are relatively‘weak’.VSC technology has renewed interest in MT DC systems,which may ultimately lead to wide area DC *** study outlines the research and application on MT and DC grids in China with respect to VSC-HVDC key technologies and DC grid key technologies based on the presentation given in the International Workshop on Next Generation Power Equipment held on 23 September 2016 in Xian,*** briefing details of the VSC-HVDC projects constructed and to be constructed in China are summarised in this study.

关键词： application details networks

Impedance Analysis of Grid Forming Control Based Modular Multilevel Converters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第3期11卷 967-979页

作者： Rongcai Pan guangfu tang Shan Liu Zhiyuan He China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Beijing 102209China

Grid-forming control(GFC)is promising for power electronics based power systems with high renewable energy ***,the impedance modeling for GFC is necessary and has gained significant attention ***,most of the impedance analyses for GFC are based on a twolevel converter(TLC)rather than a modular multilevel converter(MMC).MMC differs from TLC with respect to its dominant multi-frequency *** is necessary to analyze the impedance of GFC-based MMC owing to its superiority in highvoltage direct current(HVDC)transmission to interlink two weak AC systems with high renewable energy *** the main contribution,this paper presents the AC-and DC-side impedance analyses for the GFC-based MMC with both power and DC voltage control using the harmonic transfer function(HTF),and compares the impedances of GFC-based MMC and *** is inferred that although the impedance is mainly influenced within 200 Hz,the instability still could occur owing to negative resistance triggered by relatively larger *** difference in AC-side impedance with power and DC voltage control is not apparent with proper parameters,while the DC-side impedance differs *** generalized Nyquist criterion is necessary for AC-side stability owing to the relatively large coupling terms under ***,the coupling between AC-and DC-side impedances is noneligible,especially considering the DC-side resonance around the system resonant *** effects of parameters,system strength,and virtual impedance on the impedance shaping are analyzed and verified through simulations.

关键词： Sequence impedance modular multilevel converter(MMC) grid-forming control(GFC) harmonic transfer function generalized Nyquist criterion

A Back-to-back VSC-HVDC System of Yu-E Power Transmission Lines to Improve Cross-region Capacity

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2020年第1期6卷 64-71页

作者： Yinbiao Shu guangfu tang Hui Pang China Huaneng Group Co. Ltd.Xicheng DistrictBeijing 100031China Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co. Ltd.Changping DistrictBeijing 102209China

With the rapid development of hydropower in the southwest of China, the energy transmitted by ultra high volt- age direct current (UHVDC) is ever increasing. At the same time, the power grid continues to expand westward, creating a service area. The stability of the Southwest China Power Grid is becoming a major issue. It is necessary to coordinate the development of hydropower and the construction of cross-region interconnections to optimize the grid structure. The Yu-E denotes the connection between the two region Yu (Chongqing) and E (Hubei) in China. The Yu-E project is a back-to-back voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) project designed to realize an asynchronous connection of the Southwest and Central China Power Grids. The project will improve the bi-directional power support capability and optimize the grid structure. In addition, the Yu-E project will improve hydropower cross-region transmission capacity and enable the Southwest China Power Grid to utilize the power from the Three Gorges in the Central China Power Grid. In this paper, the fault isolation, low-frequency oscillation, sub-synchronous oscillation and short-circuit level are investigated and analyzed. Meanwhile, the impact of the Yu-E project on AC systems is studied in detail. In the end, the overall system design of the Yu-E project is introduced. The research results show that the Yu-E project can increase the transmission capability of the Southwest and Central China Power Grids, and enhance the stability of asynchronously interconnected AC systems. At the same time, the Yu-E project also serves as a demonstration project for the future development and application of VSC technology for the world.

关键词： Additional control asynchronous interconnec-tion back-to-back system design VSC-HVDC

Impedance Analysis Considering Unstable Subsystem Poles for MMC-HVDC-based Wind Farm Integration System

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第2期8卷 634-639页

作者： Ke Ji Hui Pang Shan Liu guangfu tang China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing100192China Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Beijing 102211China

Employing the AC/DC impedance analysis method,extensive research has been conducted on issues pertaining to harmonic resonance observed in wind farm-connected MMCHVDC systems over the past 5 *** general,this method divides the studied system into two subsystems at AC and DC ***,the impedance produced by these subsystems can be used to determine the system stability by implementing Nyquist criterion or generalized Nyquist stability ***,the existing impedance analysis methods usually assume the subsystems to be stable and disregard certain special cases with potentially unstable subsystems,where the unstable poles of these subsystems must be evaluated before applying Nyquist *** view of this consideration,a simplified method for identifying unstable subsystem poles is presented in this ***,the shortcoming of existing impedance analyses is rectified by considering the unstable subsystem *** proposed method and the stability analyses are validated by the electromagnetic transient simulation performed in PSCAD/EMTDC.

关键词： AC/DC side impedance method harmonic resonance MMC-HVDC small-signal stability wind farm

R&D and application of voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current engineering technology in China

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2014年第1期2卷 1-15页

作者： guangfu tang Zhiyuan HE Hui PANG State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Beijing 102200China

As a new generation of direct current(DC)transmission technology,voltage sourced converter(VSC)based high voltage direct current(HVDC)has been widely developed and applied all over the *** has also carried out a deep technical research and engineering application in this area,and at present,it has been stepped into a fast growing *** paper gives a general review over China’s VSC based HVDC in terms of engineering technology,application and future *** comprehensively analyzes the technical difficulties and future development orientation on the aspects of the main configurations of VSC based HVDC system,topological structures of converters,control and protection technologies,flexible DC cables,converter valve tests,*** introduces the applicable fields and current status of China’s VSC based HVDC projects,and analyzes the application trends of VSC based HVDC projects both in China and all over the world according to the development characteristics and demands of future power grids.

关键词： Voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current(VSC based HVDC) Two-level converter Modular multi-level converter(MMC) Direct current grid(DC grid)

HVDC grid test models for different application scenarios and load flow studies

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2017年第2期5卷 262-274页

作者： Ting AN Congda HAN Yanan WU guangfu tang Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Changping DistrictBeijing 102211China

High Voltage Direct Current(HVDC) grids are the most effective solutions for collection, integration and transmission of large scale remote renewable resources to load centers. A HVDC grid test model can provide a common reference and study platform for researchers to compare the performance and characteristics of a DC grid with different DC control functions and protection strategies. It can also provide reference cases for testing of simulators and digital programs. This paper proposes a comprehensive HVDC grid test model and the associated four sub test models for system studies to meet the research purposes and requirements for different DC grid application scenarios. The design concept, topologies, configurations and functions of the test models are described in detail and their basic system data for load flow studies are provided. Finally load flow simulation studies with PSS/E(Power System Simulator/Engineering) program for each of the models are undertaken and the corresponding results are presented and analyzed in the paper.

关键词： High voltage direct current(HVDC) Line commutated converter-HVDC(LCC-HVDC) Voltage source converter-HVDC(VSC-HVDC) DC grids Test models

Effective Ultra-High-Speed Identification Scheme of Lightning Strikes Suitable for VSC-Based DC Grids

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 548-561页

作者： Longlong Chen Xiangyu Pei Xiaoguang Wei Pengzhi Li guangfu tang North China Electric Power University(NCEPU) Beijing 102206China Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410114China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 102209China

To ensure their sound and continuous operation to the greatest extent,VSC-based DC girds have extremely stringent requirements for transmission line relay *** terms of guaranteeing their reliability,accurate identification of lightning strikes on DC transmission lines is one of the urgent key problems to be *** effective ultra-high-speed identification scheme of lightning strikes suitable for the VSC-based DC grid is proposed in this ***,an 1-mode reverse voltage traveling wave(RVTW)is constructed applying the pole-mode transformation ***,fault traveling wave propagation characteristics along the DC transmission line are analyzed in depth utilizing Peterson's ***,differences of time-frequency electromagnetic transient characteristics of 1-mode RVTWs between disturbances and faults caused by lightning strikes are distinguished in detail by means of the classical wavelet transformation multi-resolution analysis ***,extensive simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed identification scheme,and by which its excellent rapidity,reliability and robustness are *** Terms-Lightning-strike identification,Multi-resolution analysis,Relay protection,Traveling-wave protection,VsC-based DC grid,Wavelet transformation.

关键词： Lightning-strike identification Multi-resolution analysis Relay protection Traveling-wave protection VsC-based DC grid Wavelet transformation

A Three-phase Integrated Power Electronic Transformer with the Capability of DC Fault Clearance

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第4期7卷 785-796页

作者： Yunfei Xu guangfu tang Weiguo Li Guoliang Zhao Zhanfeng Deng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Transmission Technology(Global Electricity Interconnection Research Institute Co.Ltd.) Changping DistrictBeijing 102211China

This paper presents a three-phase integrated power electronic transformer(PET)topology with the capability of DC fault clearance based on the investigation of PET *** proposed PET has three ports of high-voltage AC,high-voltage DC and low-voltage DC,which can achieve the flexible access of distributed energy resources・The power unit of the PET adopts a three-phase integrated topology,and the single-phase fluctuating power in the DC-link capacitor is reduced by a 4-port DC/DC converter,thereby reducing the capacitance of the DC-link capacitor;Meanwhile,the power unit uses the clamp double sub-module(CDSM)to allow for self-clearing of the short-circuit fault on the high-voltage DC ***,this paper verifies the proposed PET through an EMT simulation and experimental prototype.

关键词： DC fault clearing experimental verification power electronic transformer three phase integration

Analysis of Operational Characteristics and Equivalent Test Method for IGBTs in MMC

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第4期9卷 1567-1576页

作者： Yixuan Yang guangfu tang Shan Liu Gaoyong Wang Zhiyuan He State Key Laboratory of Aiternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 102209China.

A design methodology and a feasible equivalent circuit are proposed to test the reliability of insulated gate bipolar transistors(IGBT)in actual modular multilevel converter(MMC)conditions,which is impossible for existing IGBT test platforms due to unexplicit equivalent indexes and low reliability of test *** of IGBT devices are extracted during MMC operation,and turn-off transient and effective current are highlighted as key indexes for the equivalent test.A feasible equivalent timing diagram and a corresponding test circuit are proposed,as well as the circuit's operation *** proposed equivalent test method is verified by a back-to-back experiment with twenty-four submodules,and results indicate the proposed method has good *** the proposed circuit waveform and the back-to-back experiment waveform,all indexes have errors of less than 5.9%.Furthermore,the proposed circuit components have losses less than 0.7 times those of the device under test,making them reliable and suitable for long-term operation tests for IGBT devices in *** Terms-Equivalent test,IGBT,MMC,reliability.

关键词： Equivalent test IGBT MMC reliability