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Exploring the Cation Regulation Mechanism for Interfacial Water Involved in the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction by In Situ Raman Spectroscopy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 303-312页

作者： Xueqiu You Dongao Zhang Xia‑guang Zhang Xiangyu Li Jing‑hua Tian Yao‑Hui wang Jian‑Feng Li School of Ocean Information Engineering Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Oceanic Information Perception and Intelligent ProcessingJimei UniversityXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and InstrumentationiChEMCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollege of MaterialsCollege of EnergyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine ChemicalsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007People’s Republic of China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005People’s Republic of China

Interfacial water molecules are the most important participants in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Hence,understanding the behavior and role that interfacial water plays will ultimately reveal the HER mechanism.Unfortunately,investigating interfacial water is extremely challenging owing to the interference caused by bulk water molecules and complexity of the interfacial environment.Here,the behaviors of interfacial water in different cationic electrolytes on Pd surfaces were investigated by the electrochemistry,in situ core-shell nanostructure enhanced Raman spectroscopy and theoretical simulation techniques.Direct spectral evidence reveals a red shift in the frequency and a decrease in the intensity of interfacial water as the potential is shifted in the positively direction.When comparing the different cation electrolyte systems at a given potential,the frequency of the interfacial water peak increases in the specified order:Li+

关键词： In situ Raman Interfacial water Hydrogen evolution reaction Cations

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A Novel Method for Forecasting Freak Wave Occurrence in A Short Crested Coastal Sea

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 104-116页

作者： wang Ying-guang State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In order to forecast the distribution of crest amplitudes and the occurrence of freak waves in a short crested coastal sea,a novel transformed linear simulation method is initially proposed in this paper.A Hermite transformation model expressed as a monotonic cubic polynomial serves as the foundation for the novel simulation technique.The wave crest amplitude exceedance probabilities of two sea states-one with a directional wave spectrum based on the measured wave elevation data at the Yura coast and the other with a typical directional JONSWAP wave spectrum-have been predicted using the novel simulation method that has been proposed.The likelihood that a particular critical wave crest amplitude will be exceeded is directly correlated with the probability that freak waves will occur.It is shown that the novel simulation approach suggested can provide predictions that are more precise than those obtained from the Rayleigh crest amplitude distribution model,the Jahns and Wheeler crest amplitude distribution model,or the conventional linear simulation method.This study also demonstrated that the nonlinear simulation method is less effective than the novel simulation method in terms of efficiency.

关键词： wave crest amplitude freak waves short crested sea transformed linear simulation

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Development of new ductile iron with super-high thermal conductivity and elongation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第3期29卷 462-473页

作者： guang-hua wang Yan-xiang Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing100084China

The effects of Si content,graphite volume fraction and pearlite volume fraction on the thermal conductivity of ductile iron were studied based on theoretical model analysis.Calculated results showed that the thermal conductivity of ductile iron was more sensitive to Si content compared with the volume fractions of pearlite and graphite.The key method to design and develop high thermal conductivity ductile iron was to control the Si content.Within 0.9-2.2 wt.%Si content,experimental results showed that with the increase in Si content,the thermal conductivity of ductile iron decreased dramatically,and the yield strength and tensile strength of ductile iron almost linearly increased,but the elongation remained almost unchanged.The dependence of thermal conductivity of ductile iron on temperature changed from monotonic decreasing to increasing first and then decreasing.Finally,we broke the common composition range of ductile iron and designed a new high C(≥3.9 wt.%)and low Si(1.0-1.4 wt.%)ductile iron with super-high thermal conductivity and elongation.Its thermal conductivity exceeded 40 W/(m K)within 27-300℃,and maintained at 35-40 W/(m K)at 500℃.The elongation was over 25%,and the tensile strength was more than 300 MPa.

关键词： Thermal conductivity Ductile iron Elongation Tensile strength Silicon alloying

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Successful splenic artery embolization in a patient with Behçet’s syndrome-associated splenic rupture:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1184-1188页

作者： guang-Zhao Zhu Dong-hua Ji Department of Interventional Therapy The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Splenic rupture associated with Behçet’s syndrome(BS)is extremely rare,and there is no consensus on its management.In this case report,a patient with BSassociated splenic rupture was successfully treated with splenic artery embolization(SAE)and had a good prognosis after the intervention.CASE SUMMARY The patient was admitted for pain in the left upper abdominal quadrant.He was diagnosed with splenic rupture.Multiple oral and genital aphthous ulcers were observed,and acne scars were found on his back.He had a 2-year history of BS diagnosis,with symptoms of oral and genital ulcers.At that time,he was treated with oral corticosteroids for 1 month,but the symptoms did not alleviate.He underwent SAE to treat the rupture.On the first day after SAE,the patient reported a complete resolution of abdominal pain and was discharged 5 d later.Three months after the intervention,a computed tomography examination showed that the splenic hematoma had formed a stable cystic effusion,suggesting a good prognosis.CONCLUSION SAE might be a good choice for BS-associated splenic rupture based on good surgical practice and material selection.

关键词： Splenic artery embolization Behçet’s syndrome Splenic rupture Case report

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The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6 controls CTLA-4 turnover and promotes T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 97-99页

作者： Xiao-Liang Jie hua Guo guang-Biao Zhou State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College100021 BejingChina

Yu et al.[1]reported that the tumor necrosis factor(TNF)receptor OX40(CD134)-TNF receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6)axis mediates Lys63-linked ubiquitination and subsequent lysosomal degradation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4(CTLA-4),leading to the enhancement of CD8^(+)T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity.Their findings unveil a previously unknown mechanism in controlling the stability of the immune checkpoint CTLA-4 and provide a potential therapeutic target for the improvement of Tcell-based immunotherapy.

关键词： immunity OX40 ubiquitin

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Early Triassic Legoupil Formation in Schmidt Peninsula,Antarctic Peninsula:Provenance and Depositional Settings

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 317-331页

作者： Chao Zhang Ying-Chun Cui Chen-guang Liu Fang-hua Cui Lu-Yuan wang Wei-Qiang Zhang School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255049China MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai201209China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic AdministrationQingdao266061China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao266061China Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia Ministry of Land and ResourcesChangchun130061China

Geochemical compositions can be used to determine the tectonic setting of sedimentary basins,while where the link of source to sink is no longer preserved,detrital zircon age patterns can aid in resolving the original basin setting.The metasedimentary Legoupil Formation,located at Cape Legoupil and the Schmidt Peninsula,could give a hint for the tectonic evolution of Antarctic Peninsula.In this contribution,we constrain the sedimentary provenance of the Legoupil Formation through geochemistry and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology.The petrography and geochemical features indicate that the provenance of the Legoupil Formation could be felsic rocks.Detrital zircon grains record a steady supply of Permian and Ordovician material into the Legoupil Formation.The youngest concordant zircon ages of 262 Ma suggest that the depositional time of Legoupil Formation is no older than Late Permian.The detrital zircon age spectrum of Legoupil Formation suggests that the Legoupil Formation sediments should be derived from regional sources endemic to western Gondwana prior to its breakup.Together with the previous studies,geochemistry and detrital zircons reflect an active continental margin tectonic setting and the detrital zircon spectra of Legoupil Formation are similar to the ones deposited in forearc tectonic setting.

关键词： Schmidt Peninsula Legoupil Formation Trinity Peninsula Group detrital zircons Antarctic Peninsula geochemistry

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Jianpi Qinghua Formula Alleviates Diabetic Myocardial Injury Through Inhibiting JunB/c-Fos Expression

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 144-155页

作者： Lin wang Qing-guang CHEN Hao LU Department of Endocrinology Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

Objective Diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)represents a substantial risk factor for heart failure and increased mortality in individuals afflicted with diabetes mellitus(DM).DCM typically manifests as myocardial fibrosis,myocardial hypertrophy,and impaired left ventricular diastolic function.While the clinical utility of the Jianpi Qinghua(JPQH)formula has been established in treating diabetes and insulin resistance,its potential efficacy in alleviating diabetic cardiomyopathy remains uncertain.This study aims to investigate the impact and underlying molecular mechanisms of the JPQH formula(JPQHF)in ameliorating myocardial injury in nonobese diabetic rats,specifically focusing on apoptosis and inflammation.Methods Wistar rats were assigned as the normal control group(CON),while Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats were randomly divided into three groups:DM,DM treated with the JPQHF,and DM treated with metformin(MET).Following a 4-week treatment regimen,various biochemical markers related to glucose metabolism,cardiac function,cardiac morphology,and myocardial ultrastructure in GK rats were assessed.RNA sequencing was utilized to analyze differential gene expression and identify potential therapeutic targets.In vitro experiments involved high glucose to induce apoptosis and inflammation in H9c2 cells.Cell viability was evaluated using CCK-8 assay,apoptosis was monitored via flow cytometry,and the production of inflammatory cytokines was measured using quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)and ELISA.Protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting analysis.The investigation also incorporated the use of MAPK inhibitors to further elucidate the mechanism at both the transcriptional and protein levels.Results The JPQHF group exhibited significant reductions in interventricular septal thickness at end-systole(IVSs)and left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole and end-diastole(LVIDs and LVIDd).JPQHF effectively suppressed high glucose-induced activation of IL-1βand caspase 3 in cardiomyocytes.Furthermore,JPQHF downregulated

关键词： Jianpi Qinghua formula diabetic cardiomyopathy AP-1 transcription factor apoptosis inflammation

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Diabetic retinopathy identification based on multi-sourcefree domain adaptation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1193-1204页

作者： guang-hua Zhang guang-Ping Zhuo Zhao-Xia Zhang Bin Sun Wei-hua Yang Shao-Chong Zhang School of Big Data Intelligent Diagnosis&Treatment Industry Taiyuan UniversityTaiyuan 030032Shanxi ProvinceChina Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Taiyuan Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030619Shanxi ProvinceChina Shanxi Eye Hospital Taiyuan 030002Shanxi ProvinceChina College of Computer Science and Technology Taiyuan Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030619Shanxi ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Institute Shenzhen Eye HospitalJinan UniversityShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To address the challenges of data labeling difficulties,data privacy,and necessary large amount of labeled data for deep learning methods in diabetic retinopathy(DR)identification,the aim of this study is to develop a source-free domain adaptation(SFDA)method for efficient and effective DR identification from unlabeled data.METHODS:A multi-SFDA method was proposed for DR identification.This method integrates multiple source models,which are trained from the same source domain,to generate synthetic pseudo labels for the unlabeled target domain.Besides,a softmax-consistence minimization term is utilized to minimize the intra-class distances between the source and target domains and maximize the inter-class distances.Validation is performed using three color fundus photograph datasets(APTOS2019,DDR,and EyePACS).RESULTS:The proposed model was evaluated and provided promising results with respectively 0.8917 and 0.9795 F1-scores on referable and normal/abnormal DR identification tasks.It demonstrated effective DR identification through minimizing intra-class distances and maximizing inter-class distances between source and target domains.CONCLUSION:The multi-SFDA method provides an effective approach to overcome the challenges in DR identification.The method not only addresses difficulties in data labeling and privacy issues,but also reduces the need for large amounts of labeled data required by deep learning methods,making it a practical tool for early detection and preservation of vision in diabetic patients.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy multisource-free domain adaptation pseudo-label generation softmaxconsistence minimization

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Differentially private SGD with random features

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第1期39卷 1-23页

作者： wang Yi-guang GUO Zheng-chu Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310015China School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In the realm of large-scale machine learning,it is crucial to explore methods for reducing computational complexity and memory demands while maintaining generalization performance.Additionally,since the collected data may contain some sensitive information,it is also of great significance to study privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms.This paper focuses on the performance of the differentially private stochastic gradient descent(SGD)algorithm based on random features.To begin,the algorithm maps the original data into a lowdimensional space,thereby avoiding the traditional kernel method for large-scale data storage requirement.Subsequently,the algorithm iteratively optimizes parameters using the stochastic gradient descent approach.Lastly,the output perturbation mechanism is employed to introduce random noise,ensuring algorithmic privacy.We prove that the proposed algorithm satisfies the differential privacy while achieving fast convergence rates under some mild conditions.

关键词： learning theory differential privacy stochastic gradient descent random features reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces

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Quantized bound states around a vortex in anisotropic superconductors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 146-155页

作者： Ke Xiang Da wang Qiang-hua wang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures&School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093China

The bound states around a vortex in anisotropic superconductors is a longstanding yet important issue.In this work,we develop a variational theory on the basis of the Andreev approximation to obtain the energy levels and wave functions of the low-energy quantized bound states in superconductors with anisotropic pairing on arbitrary Fermi surface.In the case of circular Fermi surface,the effective Schr¨odinger equation yielding the bound state energies gets back to the theory proposed by Volovik and Kopnin many years ago.Our generalization here enables us to prove the equidistant energy spectrum inside a vortex in a broader class of superconductors.More importantly,we are now able to obtain the wave functions of these bound states by projecting the quasiclassical wave function on the eigenmodes of the effective Schr¨odinger equation,going beyond the quasiclassical Eilenberger results,which,as we find,are sensitive to the scattering rate.For the case of isotropic Fermi surface,the spatial profile of the low-energy local density of states is dominated near the vortex center and elongates along the gap antinode directions,in addition to the ubiquitous Friedel oscillation arising from the quantum inteference neglected in the Eilenberger theory.Moreover,as a consequence of the pairing anisotropy,the quantized wave functions develop a peculiar distribution of winding number,which reduces stepwise towards the vortex center.Our work provides a flexible way to study the vortex bound states in the future.

关键词： vortex bound state anisotropic superconductor Andreev approximation

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