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Combination of methylthio-chemistry with living crystallization-driven self-assembly toward uniformπ-conjugated nanostructures with antibacterial activity,surface tailorability,tunable morphology and dimension

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2341-2352页

作者： Chuyu Duan Binbin xu Ruru Li Xiaoyu Huang Shaoliang Lin chun Feng Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Living crystallization-driven self-assembly(CDSA)provides robust access to uniformπ-conjugated nanostructures(CNSs)from block copolymers(BCPs)containing a crystallineπ-conjugated segment with controlled dimension,morphology and composition,which show appealing applications in biomedicine,photocatalysis and *** further expand the application spectrum of these CNSs,the development of facile strategies toward diverse CNSs with varying structures/functionalities is highly ***,BCPs consisting of oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene)-b-poly(polypropyl-3-methanethiol acrylate)(OPE_(9)-bPMTPA35and OPE_(9)-b-PMTPA_(58);the subscript represents the number of repeat unit of each block)consisting of a crystallineπ-conjugated core-forming OPE_(9)segment and a corona-forming PMTPA block are *** efficient“click-type”alkylation of methylthio groups,OPE_(9)-b-PMTPA with varying contents of sulfonium unit is *** ribbon-like micelles with different widths and lengths can then be generated in a controlled manner via the self-seeding approach of living ***,negatively charged polymeric and Ag nanoparticles can be immobilized on sulfonium/methylthio-containing shells by taking advantage of electrostatic attraction and coordination interaction,***,the ribbon-like micelles with positively charged shells exhibit antibacterial activity against *** the ease of modification of PMTPA-based shell and attractive opto-electronic/photocatalytic properties ofπ-conjugated units,the combination of methylthio-chemistry and living CDSA opens a new avenue to generate multi-functional CNSs for widespread applications from biomedicine to photocatalysis.

关键词： crystallization-driven self-assembly block copolymer π-conjugated nanostructure methylthio-chemistry

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Variable projection algorithms with sparse constraint for separable nonlinear models

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 135-146页

作者： Hui-Lang xu guang-Yong Chen Si-Qing Cheng Min Gan Jing Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Metro of Universities in Fujian Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of EducationFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina School of Science Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122JiangsuChina

Separable nonlinear models are widely used in various fields such as time series analysis, system modeling, and machine learning, due to their flexible structures and ability to capture nonlinear behavior of data. However, identifying the parameters of these models is challenging, especially when sparse models with better interpretability are desired by practitioners. Previous theoretical and practical studies have shown that variable projection (VP) is an efficient method for identifying separable nonlinear models, but these are based on \(L_2\) penalty of model parameters, which cannot be directly extended to deal with sparse constraint. Based on the exploration of the structural characteristics of separable models, this paper proposes gradient-based and trust-region-based variable projection algorithms, which mainly solve two key problems: how to eliminate linear parameters under sparse constraint;and how to deal with the coupling relationship between linear and nonlinear parameters in the model. Finally, numerical experiments on synthetic data and real time series data are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Variable projection(VP) Non-smooth constraint Separable nonlinear models

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What is the Role of Gravity,Turbulence and Magnetic Fields in High-mass Star Formation Clouds?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 21-27页

作者： An-xu Luo Hong-Li Liu guang-Xing Li Sirong Pan Dong-Ting Yang School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size(σ–L)and density–size(ρ–L)scalings and the associated turbulent energy spectrum using an extensive data *** sample includes various hierarchical density structures in high-mass star formation clouds,across scales of 0.01–100 *** observeσ∝L^(0.26)andρ∝L^(-1.54)scalings,converging toward a virial equilibrium state.A nearly flat virial parameter–mass(α_(vir)-M)distribution is seen across all density scales,withα_(vir)values centered around unity,suggesting a global equilibrium maintained by the interplay between gravity and turbulence across multiple *** turbulent energy spectrum(E(k))analysis,based on theσ–L andρ–L scalings,yields a characteristic E(k)∝k^(-1.52).These findings indicate the potential significance of gravity,turbulence,and possibly magnetic fields in regulating dynamics of molecular clouds and high-mass star formation therein.

关键词： ISM:clouds stars:formation stars:kinematics and dynamics

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Urea-induced interfacial engineering enabling highly reversible aqueous zinc-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1599-1609页

作者： Bin-Rui xu Quan-An Li Yong Liu guang-Bin Wang Zi-He Zhang Feng-Zhang Ren School of Material Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023China School of Information Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023China Longmen Laboratory Luoyang471023China Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-Ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology Luoyang471023China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been regarded as prospective rechargeable energy storage devices because of the high theoretical capacity and low redox potential of Zn ***,the uncontrollable formation of dendrites and the water-induced side reactions at the Zn/electrolyte interface,and the poor reversibility under a high current density(>2 mA·cm^(-2))and large area capacity(>2 mAh·cm^(-2))still limit the practical applications of ***,a strategy that can overcome these difficulties is urgently ***,we introduce an environmentally friendly and low-cost additive,namely urea,to the electrolyte of AZIBs to induce uniform Zn deposition and suppress the side *** of the adsorption behavior,electrochemical characterization,and observations of the morphology revealed the interfacial modification induced by urea on the Zn/electrolyte interface,demonstrating its huge potential in ***,the long-term cycling stability(over2100 h)of a Zn/Zn symmetric cell under a high current density of 5 mA·cm^(-2)and a capacity of 5 mAh·cm^(-2)was achieved with a 1 mol·L^(-1)ZnSO_(4)electrolyte with the urea ***,the assembled Zn/NH_4V_4O_(10)full cell with urea exhibited excellent cycling performance and an outstanding average Coulombic efficiency of 99.98%.These results indicate that this is a low-cost and effective additive strategy for realizing highly reversible AZIBs.

关键词： Zn anode Urea additive Interface engineering Dendrite growth Side reaction

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Enhancing reversible hydrogen storage performance of 2LiBH4–MgH2 via in-situ building heterogeneous nucleation sites

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4367-4376页

作者： Wei Chen Ya-Hui Sun Tian xu xue-Bin Yu guang-Lin Xia Department of Materials Science Fudan University

2LiBH4-MgH2composite is one of the most attractive reactive hydride composites with a theoretic hydrogen capacity of 10.8 wt%.However,the large nucleation restriction of MgB2during the second step of dehydrogenation results in sluggish hydrogen storage kinetics and high operating temperature,which hinders its practical application as on-board hydrogen storage ***,Al3Ti doped Al nanoparticles （AT NPs） are prepared by a facile chemical reduction reaction to improve the hydrogen storage performance of *** the initial H2desorption process,MgAlB4and TiB2that have identical crystal structure and low d-value mismatch with MgB2resulting from the reaction between AT NPs and 2LiBH4-MgH2composite serve as effective nucleation sites for the formation of *** a result,the apparent activation energy of the two-step H2desorption of AT NPs doped 2LiBH4-MgH2composite are notably decreased to （110.0±5.9） and（119.6±1.4） kJ·mol-1,which is 55.5 and 33.5 kJ·mol-1lower than that of the undoped *** importantly,a reversible hydrogen storage capacity of 9.2 wt%after 10cycles of H2desorption and adsorption could be achieved,corresponding to a capacity retention rate of 99%.The building of reactive bimetallic catalyst towards in situ formation of heterogeneous nucleation sites provides a new strategy for improving the hydrogen storage performance of reactive hydride composites.

关键词： Catalytic effects Heterogeneous nucleation Reactive hydride composites Reversible hydrogen storage

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Impact of frailty on postoperative outcomes after hepatectomy:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2319-2328页

作者： Yao-Jia Lv guang-Xing xu Jia-Rong Lan Day Surgery Ward Huzhou Central HospitalThe Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000Zhejiang ProvinceChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Medicine Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHuzhou 313000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The impact of frailty on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing hepatectomy is still *** To study the influence of frailty on postoperative outcomes,such as mortality,rate of complications,and length of hospitalization,following *** PubMed,EMBASE,and Scopus databases were searched for observational studies with adult(≥18 years)patients after planned/elective hepatectomy.A randomeffects model was used for all analyses,and the results are expressed as weighted mean difference(WMD),relative risk(RR),or hazards ratio(HR)with 95%confidence interval(CI).RESULTS Analysis of the 13 included studies showed a significant association of frailty with elevated risk of in-hospital mortality(RR=2.76,95%CI:2.10-3.64),mortality at 30 d(RR=4.60,95%CI:1.85-11.40),and mortality at 90 d(RR=2.52,95%CI:1.70-3.75)in the postoperative *** patients had a poorer long-term survival(HR=2.89,95%CI:1.84-4.53)and higher incidence of“any”complications(RR=1.69,95%CI:1.40-2.03)and major(grade III or higher on the Clavien-Dindo scale)complications(RR=2.69,95%CI:1.85-3.92).Frailty was correlated with markedly lengthier hospital stay(WMD=3.65,95%CI:1.45-5.85).CONCLUSION Frailty correlates with elevated risks of mortality,complications,and prolonged hospitalization,which need to be considered in surgical *** research is essential to formulate strategies for improved outcomes in this vulnerable cohort.

关键词： Frailty Frail adults Hepatic resection Hepatectomy Complications Mortality Survival Clinical outcomes Meta-analysis

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Advances in ice avalanches on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1814-1829页

作者： TANG Minggao LI guang ZHAO Huanle xu Qiang WU guangjian YANG Wei GUO Daojing State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Environment and Civil Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

As some of the greatest natural disasters in the cryosphere,ice avalanches(IAs)seriously threaten lives and cause catastrophic damage to the resource environment,but a comprehensive overview of the state of knowledge on IAs remains *** summarized 63 IAs on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)since the 20th century,of which,over 20 IAs occurred after the 21st *** distributions of IAs are mainly concentrated in the southeastern and northwestern TP,and the occurrence time of IAs is mostly concentrated from July to *** highlight recent advances in mechanical properties and genetic mechanisms of IAs and emphasize that temperature,rainfall,and seismicity are the inducing *** failure modes of IAs are summarized into 6 categories by examples:slip pulling type,slip toppling type,slip breaking type,water level collapse type,cave roof collapse type,and wedge failure ***,we deliver recommendations concerning the risk assessment and prediction of *** results provide important scientific value for addressing climate change and resisting glacier-related hazards.

关键词： Ice avalanche Global warming Genetic mechanism Risk assessment Tibetan Plateau

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Super-high bed sintering for iron ores:behaviors,causes and solutions of horizontal segregation on strand

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第7期31卷 1590-1596页

作者： Liang-ping xu Hui-bo Liu Zhong-lin Dong Qiang Zhong Yu-chao Zhao guang-hui Li School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina

Horizontal segregation has been a constraint to the development and application of super-high bed *** eliminate the horizontal segregation of super-high bed sintering,several typical sintering machines were sampled and analyzed,and theoretical calculation was made to compare the bed depth and their differences in different areas within the mixture ***,solutions were proposed and applied to a 265 m^(2) sintering *** results showed that the horizontal seg-regation of the 265 m^(2) sintering machine was dominated by particles larger than 8 mm with horizontal segregation degree of 0.48,while 360 and 550 m^(2) sintering machines were affected by 5-8 mm and 1-3 mm particles with horizontal segregation degree of 0.27 and 0.31,*** analysis indicated the different segregation distribution results from the matching of the bed depth of each area within the mixture ***,the horizontal segregation degree not larger than 0.06 was achieved by optimizing the time parameters and the division of three zones on the 265 m^(2) sintering machine.

关键词： Super-high bed sintering Horizontal segregation Feeder Particle distribution Agglomeration

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of the social structure of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)in Xiamen waters from 2007 to 2019

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 439-450页

作者： Yi Lu Xin-Rong xu Bing-Yao Chen Thomas A Jefferson Holly Fearnbach guang Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Clymene Enterprises LakesideCalifornia 92040USA Marine Mammal Research SR3SeaLife ResponseRehabilitation and ResearchWA 98275USA Southern Marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory(guangzhou) No.1119Haibin RoadNansha DistrictGuangzhouGuangdong 511458China

As highly social animals,Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)exhibit community ***,our understanding of the external and internal factors influencing these dynamics,as well as their spatiotemporal variations,is still *** the present study,variations in the social structure of an endangered Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin population in Xiamen Bay,China,were monitored over two distinct periods(2007–2010 and 2017–2019)to analyze the effects of habitat utilization and the composition of individuals within the *** both periods,the population demonstrated a strikingly similar pattern of social differentiation,characterized by the division of individuals into two main clusters and one small ***,the two primary clusters occupied the eastern and western waters,respectively,although the core distribution area of the eastern cluster shifted further eastward between the two *** this distribution shift,the temporal stability of the social structure and inter-associations within the eastern cluster remained unaffected.A subset of 16individuals observed in both periods,comprising 51.6%and 43.2%of the population in each respective period,emerged as a foundational element of the social structure and may be responsible for sustaining social structure stability,especially during the 2007–2010 *** observations suggest that the composition of dominant individuals,an internal factor,had a more substantial influence on the formation of the social network than changes in habitat use,an external ***,the study proposes distinct conservation measures tailored to each of the two main clusters.

关键词： Social differentiation Social structure Sousa chinensis Dynamics Conservation

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Numerical Study on the Effect of Gap Diffraction on the Hydrodynamic Performance of A Floating Breakwater

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 663-675页

作者： BIAN Xiang-qian JI chun-yan xu Sheng GUO Jian-ting HUO Fa-li School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China

Two-dimensional(2D)flume experiments are useful in investigating the performances of floating breakwaters(FBs),including hydrodynamic performances,motion responses,and mooring *** a reasonable gap between the flume wall and the FBs is a critical step in 2D flume ***,research on the effect of the gap on the accuracy of 2D FB experimental results is *** address this issue,a numerical wave tank is developed using CFD to estimate the wave-FB interaction of a moored dual-cylindrical FB,and the results are compared to experimental data from a previously published *** is good agreement between them,indicating that the numerical model is sufficiently *** numerical model is then applied to explore the effect of gap diffraction on the performance of FBs in2D *** was discovered that the nondimensional gap length L_(Gap)/W_(Pool)should be smaller than 7.5%to ensure that the relative error of the transmission coefficient is smaller than 3%.The influence of the gap is also related to the entering wave properties,such as the wave height and period.

关键词： floating breakwater diffraction effect gap hydrodynamic performance model experiments CFD numerical simulation

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